S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________

                                  5688

                       2015-2016 Regular Sessions

                            I N  S E N A T E

                              May 27, 2015
                               ___________

Introduced  by  Sen.  STEWART-COUSINS -- read twice and ordered printed,
  and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Transportation

AN ACT to amend the vehicle and traffic law, the general municipal  law,
  and  the public officers law, in relation to owner liability for fail-
  ure of an operator to comply with traffic-control indications  in  the
  city  of White Plains; and providing for the repeal of such provisions
  upon expiration thereof

  THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND  ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:

  Section  1.  Subdivision  1  of section 235 of the vehicle and traffic
law, as separately amended by section 1 of chapters 99, 101 and  123  of
the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  1.  Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special
or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any  city  which
heretofore  or  hereafter  is  authorized to establish an administrative
tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions consti-
tuting parking, standing or stopping violations, or  to  adjudicate  the
liability  of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven
hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of  owners  for
violations  of  subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
chapter in accordance with sections  eleven  hundred  eleven-b  of  this
chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and
twenty-two  of  the  laws  of  two  thousand  nine, or to adjudicate the
liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section  eleven
hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
eleven-d  of  this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR
VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN  OF  THIS
CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAP-
TER,  or  to  adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of toll
collection  regulations  as  defined  in  and  in  accordance  with  the

 EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                      [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                           LBD10394-01-5
              

S. 5688                             2

provisions  of  section  two  thousand  nine  hundred eighty-five of the
public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c
of  chapter  seven  hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred
fifty,  or  to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section
eleven hundred eleven-c of this  chapter  for  violations  of  bus  lane
restrictions as defined in subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of such
section,  or  to  adjudicate  the  liability of owners for violations of
section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section
eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, such tribunal and the rules and
regulations pertaining  thereto  shall  be  constituted  in  substantial
conformance with the following sections.
  S  1-a.  Section  235  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as separately
amended by section 1-a of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014,
is amended to read as follows:
  S 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
any city which heretofore or hereafter is  authorized  to  establish  an
administrative  tribunal  to  hear  and  determine complaints of traffic
infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d)  of
section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
eleven  hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability
of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of  section  eleven  hundred
eleven  of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  sections eleven hundred
eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters  twen-
ty,  twenty-one,  and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to
adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d)  of
section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
eleven  hundred eleven-d of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY
OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF  SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED
ELEVEN  OF  THIS  CHAPTER  IN  ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, or to adjudicate the liability of  owners  for
violations  of  toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord-
ance with the provisions of section two thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-
five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and
sixteen-c  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen
hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in  accordance  with
section  eleven  hundred  eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus
lane restrictions as defined in  such  section,  or  to  adjudicate  the
liability  of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or
(g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance  with
section  eleven  hundred eighty-b of this chapter, such tribunal and the
rules  and  regulations  pertaining  thereto  shall  be  constituted  in
substantial conformance with the following sections.
  S  1-b.  Section  235  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as separately
amended by section 1-b of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014,
is amended to read as follows:
  S 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
any city which heretofore or hereafter is  authorized  to  establish  an
administrative  tribunal  to  hear  and  determine complaints of traffic
infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d)  of
section  eleven  hundred  eleven  of  this  chapter  in  accordance with
sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as  added  by  sections
sixteen  of  chapters  twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of

S. 5688                             3

two thousand  nine,  or  to  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners  for
violations  of  subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
ter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVI-
SION  (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE
WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, or  to  adjudicate
the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as
defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand
nine  hundred  eighty-five  of  the  public authorities law and sections
sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or  to  adjudicate  liability  of
owners  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap-
ter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such  section,
or  to  adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision
(b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this  chapter,
such  tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be
constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections.
  S 1-c. Section 235 of the  vehicle  and  traffic  law,  as  separately
amended by section 1-c of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014,
is amended to read as follows:
  S 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
any  city  which  heretofore  or hereafter is authorized to establish an
administrative tribunal to hear  and  determine  complaints  of  traffic
infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of
section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE  LIABILITY
OF  OWNERS  FOR  VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN OF  THIS  CHAPTER  IN  ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS CHAPTER, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for
violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and  in  accord-
ance  with  the  provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-
five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and
sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of  nineteen
hundred  fifty,  or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with
section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for  violations  of  bus
lane  restrictions  as  defined  in  such  section, or to adjudicate the
liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)  or
(g)  of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with
section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, such tribunal  and  the
rules  and  regulations  pertaining  thereto  shall  be  constituted  in
substantial conformance with the following sections.
  S 1-d. Section 235 of the  vehicle  and  traffic  law,  as  separately
amended by section 1-d of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014,
is amended to read as follows:
  S 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
any  city  which  heretofore  or hereafter is authorized to establish an
administrative tribunal to hear  and  determine  complaints  of  traffic
infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of
section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE  LIABILITY
OF  OWNERS  FOR  VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED

S. 5688                             4

ELEVEN OF  THIS  CHAPTER  IN  ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS CHAPTER, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for
violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and  in  accord-
ance  with  the  provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-
five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and
sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of  nineteen
hundred  fifty,  or  to adjudicate liability of owners for violations of
subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this  chap-
ter  in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter,
such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall  be
constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections.
  S  1-e.  Section  235  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as separately
amended by section 1-e of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014,
is amended to read as follows:
  S 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
any city which heretofore or hereafter is  authorized  to  establish  an
administrative  tribunal  to  hear  and  determine complaints of traffic
infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d)  of
section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
eleven  hundred eleven-d of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY
OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF  SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED
ELEVEN  OF  THIS  CHAPTER  IN  ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, or to adjudicate the liability of  owners  for
violations  of  toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord-
ance with the provisions of section two thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-
five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and
sixteen-c  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen
hundred fifty, such tribunal and the rules  and  regulations  pertaining
thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the follow-
ing sections.
  S  1-f.  Section  235  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as separately
amended by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972 and chapter 379 of  the  laws
of 1992, is amended to read as follows:
  S 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
any  city  which  heretofore  or hereafter is authorized to establish an
administrative tribunal to hear  and  determine  complaints  of  traffic
infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, OR TO
ADJUDICATE  THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION
ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, or to adjudicate the  liability
of  owners  for  violations of toll collection regulations as defined in
and in accordance with the  provisions  of  section  two  thousand  nine
hundred   eighty-five   of  the  public  authorities  law  and  sections
sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, such tribunal and the  rules  and
regulations  pertaining  thereto  shall  be  constituted  in substantial
conformance with the following sections.
  S 2. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic  law,  as
separately amended by section 2 of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the laws
of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  1.  Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such
tribunal when created shall be known as the  parking  violations  bureau
and  shall  have  jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a

S. 5688                             5

parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to
subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-a of  this  chapter  or
subdivisions  (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as
added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two
of  the  laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of section eleven
hundred eleven-d of this chapter, OR SUBDIVISION (A) OF  SECTION  ELEVEN
HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS  CHAPTER,  shall adjudicate the liability of
owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev-
en of this chapter  in  accordance  with  such  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-a,  sections eleven hundred eleven-b as added by sections sixteen
of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two  thou-
sand  nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d OR SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations  of
toll  collection  regulations  as  defined in and in accordance with the
provisions of section two  thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-five  of  the
public  authorities  law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c
of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws  of  nineteen  hundred
fifty  and  shall  adjudicate  liability  of  owners  in accordance with
section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for  violations  of  bus
lane  restrictions  as  defined in such section and shall adjudicate the
liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)  or
(g)  of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with
section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter. Such  tribunal,  except
in  a  city  with  a  population of one million or more, shall also have
jurisdiction of abandoned vehicle violations. For the purposes  of  this
article,  a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regu-
lation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing  of
a  vehicle.  In  addition  for  purposes of this article, "commissioner"
shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of  the  city  or  an
official possessing authority as such a commissioner.
  S 2-a. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
separately  amended  by  section 2-a of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the
laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized  such
tribunal  when  created  shall be known as the parking violations bureau
and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions  which  constitute  a
parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to
subdivisions  (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as
added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two
of the laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of  section  eleven
hundred  eleven-d  of this chapter, OR SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN
HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER,  shall  adjudicate  the  liability  of
owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev-
en  of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with such sections eleven hundred
eleven-b as added by sections sixteen of  chapters  twenty,  twenty-one,
and  twenty-two  of  the  laws  of  two  thousand nine or section eleven
hundred eleven-d OR SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E; and  shall  adjudi-
cate  liability  of  owners  in  accordance  with section eleven hundred
eleven-c of this chapter for violations  of  bus  lane  restrictions  as
defined  in  such  section  and shall adjudicate liability of owners for
violations of subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred  eighty
of  this  chapter  in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of
this chapter. For the purposes of this article, a parking  violation  is
the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating
the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes
of  this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner

S. 5688                             6

of traffic of the city or an official possessing  authority  as  such  a
commissioner.
  S 2-b. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
separately  amended  by  section 2-b of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the
laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized  such
tribunal  when  created  shall be known as the parking violations bureau
and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions  which  constitute  a
parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to
subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d OR SUBDIVISION (A) OF
SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  of  this  chapter,  shall adjudicate
liability of owners in accordance with section eleven  hundred  eleven-c
of  this  chapter  for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in
such  section;  and  shall  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners   for
violations  of  subdivision  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
eighty-b of this chapter. For the purposes of this  article,  a  parking
violation  is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for
or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle.  In  addi-
tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include
the  commissioner  of  traffic  of  the  city  or an official possessing
authority as such a commissioner.
  S 2-c. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
separately amended by section 2-c of chapters 99, 101, and  123  of  the
laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  1.  Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such
tribunal when created shall be known as the  parking  violations  bureau
and,  where  authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a)
of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR SUBDIVISION (A) OF
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, shall have jurisdiction
of traffic infractions which constitute a parking  violation  and  shall
adjudicate  the  liability  of owners for violations of subdivision (b),
(c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in
accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter. For the
purposes of this article, a parking violation is the  violation  of  any
law,  rule  or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stop-
ping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article,
"commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the
city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner.
  S 2-d. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
separately amended by section 2-d of chapters 99, 101, and  123  of  the
laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  1.  Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such
tribunal when created shall be known as the  parking  violations  bureau
and,  where  authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a)
of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR SUBDIVISION (A) OF
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, shall have jurisdiction
of traffic infractions which constitute a  parking  violation.  For  the
purposes  of  this  article, a parking violation is the violation of any
law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the  parking,  stop-
ping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article,
"commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the
city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner.
  S 2-e. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, is amended to read as follows:

S. 5688                             7

  1.  Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such
tribunal when created shall be known as the  parking  violations  bureau
and WHERE AUTHORIZED BY LOCAL LAW ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, shall have jurisdiction
of  traffic  infractions  which  constitute a parking violation. For the
purposes of this article, a parking violation is the  violation  of  any
law,  rule  or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stop-
ping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article,
"commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the
city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner.
  S 3. Section 237 of the vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a
new subdivision 15 to read as follows:
  15. TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS  OF  SUBDIVI-
SION  (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE
WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, IF  AUTHORIZED  BY
LOCAL  LAW  ADOPTED  PURSUANT  TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF SUCH SECTION ELEVEN
HUNDRED ELEVEN-E.
  S 4. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of  the  vehicle  and
traffic law, as separately amended by section 4 of chapters 99, 101, and
123 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  f.  "Notice  of  violation"  means a notice of violation as defined in
subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven  of  this  article,
but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant
to  authorization  set  forth in section eleven hundred eleven-a of this
chapter, or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by
sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two  of  the
laws  of  two  thousand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this
chapter, OR SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER,  and  shall
not  be  deemed  to  include  a  notice  of liability issued pursuant to
section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public  authorities
law  and  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven
hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty and shall not
be deemed to include a notice of liability issued  pursuant  to  section
eleven  hundred  eleven-c  of  this  chapter  and shall not be deemed to
include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven  hundred
eighty-b of this chapter.
  S  4-a. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and
traffic law, as separately amended by section 4-a of chapters  99,  101,
and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  f.  "Notice  of  violation"  means a notice of violation as defined in
subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article but
shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant  to
authorization  set  forth  in  sections  eleven hundred eleven-b of this
chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and
twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-d  of  this  chapter  OR  SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS
CHAPTER and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability  issued
pursuant  to  section  eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall
not be deemed to include  a  notice  of  liability  issued  pursuant  to
section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter.
  S  4-b. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and
traffic law, as separately amended by section 4-b of chapters  99,  101,
and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  f.  "Notice  of  violation"  means a notice of violation as defined in
subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and
shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant  to

S. 5688                             8

authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
ter  OR  TO  A  NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO AUTHORIZATION SET
FORTH IN SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER and  shall  not
be  deemed  to  include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section
eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter  and  shall  not  be  deemed  to
include  a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred
eighty-b of this chapter.
  S 4-c. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle  and
traffic  law,  as separately amended by section 4-c of chapters 99, 101,
and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of  violation  as  defined  in
subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and
shall  not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to
authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
ter OR TO A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED  PURSUANT  TO  AUTHORIZATION  SET
FORTH  IN  SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER and shall not
be deemed to include a notice of liability issued  pursuant  to  section
eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter.
  S  4-d. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and
traffic law, as separately amended by section 4-d of chapters  99,  101,
and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  f.  "Notice  of  violation"  means a notice of violation as defined in
subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and
shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant  to
authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
ter  OR  TO  A  NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO AUTHORIZATION SET
FORTH IN SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER.
  S 4-e. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle  and
traffic  law, as added by chapter 180 of the laws of 1980, is amended to
read as follows:
  f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of  violation  as  defined  in
subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article AND
SHALL  NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO
AUTHORIZATION SET FORTH IN SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAP-
TER.
  S 5. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and  traffic
law,  as separately amended by section 5 of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of
the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1. Notice of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with  a  parking
violation  enters  a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable
in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of  this  chapter  or
sections  eleven  hundred  eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections
sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of  the  laws  of
two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, OR
SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS CHAPTER, for a violation of
subdivision (d)  of  section  eleven  hundred  eleven  of  this  chapter
contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance
with  the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of
the  public  authorities  law  or  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b   and
sixteen-c  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen
hundred fifty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance  with  the
provisions  of  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-c of this chapter for a
violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section  contests
such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the
provisions  of  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b of this chapter for a
violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or  (g)  of  section  eleven

S. 5688                             9

hundred  eighty  of  this  chapter  contests such allegation, the bureau
shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail  as
the  director  may  direct of the date on which he or she must appear to
answer  the  charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of
hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning
to advise the person so pleading or contesting that failure to appear on
the date designated, or on  any  subsequent  adjourned  date,  shall  be
deemed  an  admission  of  liability, and that a default judgment may be
entered thereon.
  1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a  plea  of  not  guilty  has  been
entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or
sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as  added  by  sections
sixteen  of  chapters  twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of
two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter  OR
SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS CHAPTER or an allegation of
liability in accordance with section two thousand nine  hundred  eighty-
five  of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and
sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of  nineteen
hundred  fifty  or an allegation of liability in accordance with section
eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in
accordance with section eleven hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter,  is
being  contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the
merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held,  the  bureau  shall
not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date
of the hearing.
  S  5-a. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf-
fic law, as separately amended by section 5-a of chapters 99,  101,  and
123 of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1.  Notice  of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with a parking
violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to  be  liable
in  accordance  with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as
added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two
of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred  eleven-d  of
this  chapter  OR  SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER for a
violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
chapter,  or  a  person  alleged  to  be  liable  in accordance with the
provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c  of  this  chapter  for  a
violation  of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests
such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the
provisions of section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter  for
violations  of  subdivision  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
hundred eighty of this chapter  contests  such  allegation,  the  bureau
shall  advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as
the director may direct of the date on which he or she  must  appear  to
answer  the  charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of
hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning
to advise the person so pleading or contesting that failure to appear on
the date designated, or on  any  subsequent  adjourned  date,  shall  be
deemed  an  admission  of  liability, and that a default judgment may be
entered thereon.
  1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a  plea  of  not  guilty  has  been
entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
in  accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as
added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two
of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance  with  section  eleven

S. 5688                            10

hundred  eleven-d  of this chapter, OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN
HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAPTER  or  an  allegation  of  liability  in
accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an
allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight-
y-b  of this chapter is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion
and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has  not  yet  been
held,  the  bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that
person prior to the date of the hearing.
  S 5-b. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and  traf-
fic  law,  as separately amended by section 5-b of chapters 99, 101, and
123 of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1. Notice of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with  a  parking
violation  enters  a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable
in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR IN
ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAPTER  or  in
accordance  with  the  provisions  of section eleven hundred eleven-c of
this chapter for a violation of a bus lane  restriction  as  defined  in
such section, contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable
in  accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of
this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g)  of
section  eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation,
the bureau shall advise such person personally by  such  form  of  first
class  mail  as  the  director may direct of the date on which he or she
must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and  content  of
such  notice  of  hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall
contain a warning to advise the  person  so  pleading  that  failure  to
appear  on  the  date  designated,  or on any subsequent adjourned date,
shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a  default  judgment
may be entered thereon.
  1-a.  Fines  and  penalties.  Whenever  a  plea of not guilty has been
entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR IN
ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAPTER  or  in
accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an
allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight-
y-b of this chapter is being contested, by a person in a timely  fashion
and  a  hearing  upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been
held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty  to  that
person prior to the date of the hearing.
  S  5-c. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf-
fic law, as separately amended by section 5-c of chapters 99,  101,  and
123 of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1.  Notice  of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with a parking
violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be  liable
in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, OR A
PERSON  ALLEGED  TO  BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance
with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of  this  chapter
for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section elev-
en  hundred  eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, the bureau
shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail  as
the  director  may  direct of the date on which he or she must appear to
answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such  notice  of
hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning
to  advise  the  person  so  pleading that failure to appear on the date
designated, or on any subsequent adjourned  date,  shall  be  deemed  an

S. 5688                            11

admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther-
eon.
  1-a.  Fines  and  penalties.  Whenever  a  plea of not guilty has been
entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chapter,  OR
THE  BUREAU HAS BEEN NOTIFIED THAT AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORD-
ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, or the bureau
has been notified that an allegation of  liability  in  accordance  with
section  eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, is being contested, by
a person in a timely fashion and a hearing  upon  the  merits  has  been
demanded,  but  has  not  yet  been held, the bureau shall not issue any
notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the  hear-
ing.
  S  5-d. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf-
fic law, as separately amended by section 5-d of chapters 99,  101,  and
123 of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1.  Notice  of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with a parking
violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be  liable
in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d of this chapter
contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE
WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLE-
GATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such  form  of
first  class  mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or
she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and  content
of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall
contain  a  warning  to  advise  the  person so pleading that failure to
appear on the date designated, or  on  any  subsequent  adjourned  date,
shall  be  deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment
may be entered thereon.
  1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a  plea  of  not  guilty  has  been
entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
in  accordance  with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, is
being contested, OR THE BUREAU HAS BEEN NOTIFIED THAT AN  ALLEGATION  OF
LIABILITY  IN  ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS
CHAPTER, IS BEING CONTESTED, by a person in a timely fashion and a hear-
ing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet  been  held,  the
bureau  shall  not  issue  any  notice of fine or penalty to that person
prior to the date of the hearing.
  S 5-e. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and  traf-
fic  law,  subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972 and
subdivision 1-a as added by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended
to read as follows:
  1. Notice of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with  a  parking
violation  enters a plea of not guilty, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE
IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS  CHAPTER
CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally
by  such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date
on which he OR SHE must appear to answer the charge at  a  hearing.  The
form  and  content  of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the
director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person  so  pleading
that  failure  to  appear  on  the date designated, or on any subsequent
adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability,  and  that  a
default judgment may be entered thereon.
  1-a.  Fines  and  penalties.  Whenever  a  plea of not guilty has been
entered, OR THE BUREAU HAS BEEN NOTIFIED THAT AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY
IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAPTER,  IS

S. 5688                            12

BEING  CONTESTED, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the
merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held,  the  bureau  shall
not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date
of the hearing.
  S 6. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle
and traffic law, as separately amended by section 6 of chapters 99, 101,
and 123 of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
or  an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred
eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections  eleven  hundred
eleven-b  of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen-
ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand  nine  or  in
accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR IN
ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAPTER  or  an
allegation  of  liability  in  accordance with section two thousand nine
hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a,
sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven  hundred  seventy-four  of  the
laws  of nineteen hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in accord-
ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an  allega-
tion  of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of
this chapter, shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with
rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau.
  g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a
hearing at which liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-a  of  this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred
eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters  twen-
ty,  twenty-one,  and  twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in
accordance with section eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of  this  chapter  is
contested  OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS
CHAPTER IS CONTESTED or of a hearing at which  liability  in  accordance
with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public author-
ities  law  or  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter
seven hundred seventy-four of the laws  of  nineteen  hundred  fifty  is
contested  or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section
eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or a hearing at which  liability
in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter is
contested.  Recording devices may be used for the making of the record.
  S 6-a. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
cle and traffic law, as separately amended by section  6-a  of  chapters
99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
or an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred
eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen-
ty,  twenty-one,  and  twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in
accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chapter  OR  IN
ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or an
allegation of  liability  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-c  of  this  chapter  or an allegation of liability in accordance
with section eleven hundred eighty-b of  this  chapter,  shall  be  held
before  a  hearing  examiner  in  accordance  with rules and regulations
promulgated by the bureau.
  g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a
hearing at which liability in accordance with  sections  eleven  hundred
eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen-
ty,  twenty-one,  and  twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in
accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chapter  OR  IN

S. 5688                            13

ACCORDANCE  WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or of a
hearing at which liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-c  of  this chapter or a hearing at which liability in accordance
with  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of  this chapter is contested.
Recording devices may be used for the making of the record.
  S 6-b. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
cle and traffic law, as separately amended by section  6-b  of  chapters
99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
OR  AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or an allegation  of  liability  in  accordance
with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of
liability  in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-c of this
chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section  eleven
hundred eighty-b of this chapter shall be held before a hearing examiner
in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau.
  g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty OR OF A
HEARING  AT  WHICH  LIABILITY  IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or of a hearing at which liability  in  accord-
ance  with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or of a hear-
ing at  which  liability  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-c  of  this chapter or a hearing at which liability in accordance
with section eleven hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter  is  contested.
Recording devices may be used for the making of the record.
  S 6-c. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
cle  and  traffic  law, as separately amended by section 6-c of chapters
99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN  HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS  CHAPTER  or an allegation of liability in accordance
with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of
liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of  this
chapter shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules
and regulations promulgated by the bureau.
  g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty OR OF A
HEARING  AT  WHICH  LIABILITY  IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or of a hearing at which liability  in  accord-
ance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or a hearing
at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of
this chapter is contested.  Recording devices may be used for the making
of the record.
  S 6-d. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
cle and traffic law, as separately amended by section  6-d  of  chapters
99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
OR  AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or an allegation  of  liability  in  accordance
with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of  this chapter shall be held
before a hearing examiner  in  accordance  with  rules  and  regulations
promulgated by the bureau.
  g.  A  record  shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a
hearing at which liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-d of this chapter is contested OR A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN
ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF THIS CHAPTER IS
CONTESTED.  Recording devices may be used for the making of the record.

S. 5688                            14

  S 6-e. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
cle and traffic law, as added by chapter 715 of the laws  of  1972,  are
amended to read as follows:
  a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
OR  AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held  before  a  hearing  examiner  in
accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau.
  g.  A  record  shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty OR A
HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS  CHAPTER IS CONTESTED.  Recording devices may be used
for the making of the record.
  S 7. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the  vehicle  and  traffic
law,  as separately amended by section 7 of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of
the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1. The hearing examiner shall make a  determination  on  the  charges,
either  sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter-
mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine  either
the  prior  parking  violations  record  or  the  record  of liabilities
incurred in accordance with section  eleven  hundred  eleven-a  of  this
chapter  or  in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this
chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and
twenty-two of the laws of  two  thousand  nine  or  in  accordance  with
section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d of this chapter OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or the record of liabil-
ities incurred in accordance with  section  two  thousand  nine  hundred
eighty-five  of  the  public  authorities  law  or  sections  sixteen-a,
sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven  hundred  seventy-four  of  the
laws  of  nineteen hundred fifty of the person charged, or the record of
liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred  eleven-c
of  this  chapter,  or  the record of liabilities incurred in accordance
with section eleven hundred eighty-b  of  this  chapter,  as  applicable
prior  to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustain-
ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll
maintained by the bureau  together  with  records  showing  payment  and
nonpayment of penalties.
  2.  Where  an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a
parking violation or contest an allegation of  liability  in  accordance
with  section  eleven  hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance
with sections eleven hundred  eleven-b  of  this  chapter  as  added  by
sections  sixteen  of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the
laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section  eleven  hundred
eleven-d  of  this  chapter OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to contest an allegation of  liability
in  accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the
public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of
chapter seven hundred seventy-four  of  the  laws  of  nineteen  hundred
fifty, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with
section  eleven  hundred eleven-c of this chapter or fails to contest an
allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight-
y-b of this chapter or fails to appear on a designated hearing  date  or
subsequent  adjourned  date  or fails after a hearing to comply with the
determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by
rule or regulation of the bureau, such  failure  to  plead  or  contest,
appear  or  comply  shall  be  deemed, for all purposes, an admission of
liability and shall be grounds for  rendering  and  entering  a  default
judgment  in  an  amount  provided  by  the rules and regulations of the

S. 5688                            15

bureau. However, after the expiration of the  original  date  prescribed
for  entering  a  plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in
such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of  law
notify  such  operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the
commission may direct; (1) of the violation  charged,  or  liability  in
accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in
accordance with sections eleven hundred  eleven-b  of  this  chapter  as
added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two
of  the  laws  of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven
hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR IN ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN
HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER alleged or liability in accordance with
section  two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities
law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter  seven
hundred  seventy-four  of  the laws of nineteen hundred fifty alleged or
liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred  eleven-c  of  this
chapter  or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b
of this chapter alleged, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that
such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the  city  in  which
the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or
any  other  place  provided  for the entry of civil judgments within the
state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by  entering  a
plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section
eleven  hundred  eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections
eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen  of
chapters  twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand
nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
ter OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAP-
TER  or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section
two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities  law  or
sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred
seventy-four of the laws of nineteen  hundred  fifty  or  contesting  an
allegation  of  liability  in  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred
eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an  allegation  of  liability  in
accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b of this chapter, as
appropriate, or making an appearance within thirty days of  the  sending
of  such  notice.  Pleas  entered  and allegations contested within that
period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and  not  subject
to  additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment
shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry  thereof  in  the
case  of  operators  or owners who are non-residents of the state of New
York. In no  case  shall  a  default  judgment  be  rendered  or,  where
required,  a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two
years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea or
contesting an allegation. When a person has demanded a hearing, no  fine
or  penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the
hearing. If the hearing examiner  shall  make  a  determination  on  the
charges,  sustaining  them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or
fine than those upon which the person was originally charged.
  S 7-a. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and  traffic
law,  as  separately amended by section 7-a of chapters 99, 101, and 123
of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1. The hearing examiner shall make a  determination  on  the  charges,
either  sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter-
mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine  either
the  prior  parking  violations  record  or  the  record  of liabilities
incurred in accordance with sections eleven  hundred  eleven-b  of  this

S. 5688                            16

chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and
twenty-two  of  the  laws  of  two  thousand  nine or in accordance with
section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR  IN  ACCORDANCE  WITH
SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER of the person charged,
or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section  eleven
hundred  eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred
in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this  chapter,  as
applicable  prior  to  rendering  a  final determination. Final determi-
nations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be  entered  on  a  final
determination  roll maintained by the bureau together with records show-
ing payment and nonpayment of penalties.
  2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge  of  a
parking  violation  or  contest an allegation of liability in accordance
with sections eleven hundred  eleven-b  of  this  chapter  as  added  by
sections  sixteen  of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the
laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section  eleven  hundred
eleven-d  of  this chapter, OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, or fails to contest an allegation of liability
in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this  chapter,  or
fails  to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with
section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or fails to appear on a
designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or  fails  after  a
hearing  to  comply  with  the  determination  of a hearing examiner, as
prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau,  such
failure  to  plead,  contest,  appear or comply shall be deemed, for all
purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds  for  rendering
and  entering  a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and
regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original
date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be
rendered, in such case the  bureau  shall  pursuant  to  the  applicable
provisions  of  law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first
class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the  violation  charged,
or liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this
chapter,  as  added  by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one,
and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or  in  accordance  with
section  eleven  hundred eleven-d of this chapter, OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, or liability in accord-
ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter  or  liability
in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b of this chapter
alleged, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that  such  judgment
will  be  entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has
been established, or other court of  civil  jurisdiction  or  any  other
place  provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New
York, and (4) that a default may  be  avoided  by  entering  a  plea  or
contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven
hundred  eleven-b  of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chap-
ters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine
or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR
IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAPTER,  or
contesting  an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven
hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allegation of  liabil-
ity  in  accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter
as appropriate, or making an appearance within thirty days of the  send-
ing  of such notice. Pleas entered and allegations contested within that
period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and  not  subject
to  additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment

S. 5688                            17

shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry  thereof  in  the
case  of  operators  or owners who are non-residents of the state of New
York. In no  case  shall  a  default  judgment  be  rendered  or,  where
required,  a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two
years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea or
contesting an allegation. When a person has demanded a hearing, no  fine
or  penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the
hearing. If the hearing examiner  shall  make  a  determination  on  the
charges,  sustaining  them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or
fine than those upon which the person was originally charged.
  S 7-b. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and  traffic
law,  as  separately amended by section 7-b of chapters 99, 101, and 123
of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1. The hearing examiner shall make a  determination  on  the  charges,
either  sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter-
mines that the charges have been sustained he or  she  may  examine  the
prior parking violations record OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN
ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE
PERSON CHARGED, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with
section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the  person  charged,
or  the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven
hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities  incurred
in  accordance  with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, as
applicable, prior to rendering a  final  determination.  Final  determi-
nations  sustaining  or  dismissing  charges shall be entered on a final
determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records  show-
ing payment and nonpayment of penalties.
  2.  Where  an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a
parking violation or CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF  LIABILITY  IN  ACCORDANCE
WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF THIS CHAPTER, OR contest an
allegation of  liability  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-d of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability
in  accordance  with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or
fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance  with
section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or fails to appear on a
designated  hearing  date  or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a
hearing to comply with the  determination  of  a  hearing  examiner,  as
prescribed  by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such
failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an
admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a
default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and  regulations  of
the   bureau.  However,  after  the  expiration  of  the  original  date
prescribed for entering a plea and before  a  default  judgment  may  be
rendered,  in  such  case  the  bureau  shall pursuant to the applicable
provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form  of  first
class  mail  as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged,
OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF  THIS
CHAPTER, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d
of  this chapter, or alleged liability in accordance with section eleven
hundred eleven-c of this chapter or alleged liability in accordance with
section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, (2)  of  the  impending
default  judgment,  (3)  that such judgment will be entered in the Civil
Court of the city in which the bureau has  been  established,  or  other
court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of
civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may
be  avoided  by entering a plea OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY

S. 5688                            18

IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF  THIS  CHAPTER  or
contesting  an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven
hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allegation of  liabil-
ity  in  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter
or contesting an allegation of  liability  in  accordance  with  section
eleven  hundred  eighty-b of this chapter or making an appearance within
thirty days of the sending of such notice.  Pleas  entered  within  that
period  shall  be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject
to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default  judgment
shall  not  be  required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the
case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the  state  of  New
York.  In  no  case  shall  a  default  judgment  be  rendered or, where
required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than  two
years  after  the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea.
When a person has demanded a  hearing,  no  fine  or  penalty  shall  be
imposed  for  any  reason,  prior  to the holding of the hearing. If the
hearing examiner shall make a determination on the  charges,  sustaining
them,  he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon
which the person was originally charged.
  S 7-c. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and  traffic
law,  as  separately amended by section 7-c of chapters 99, 101, and 123
of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1. The hearing examiner shall make a  determination  on  the  charges,
either  sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter-
mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine  either
the  prior  parking  violations  record  or  the  record  of liabilities
incurred in accordance with section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of  this
chapter  of the person charged, OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN
ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER  OF  THE
PERSON  CHARGED or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with
section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, as applicable, prior to
rendering a final  determination.  Final  determinations  sustaining  or
dismissing  charges shall be entered on a final determination roll main-
tained by the bureau together with records showing payment  and  nonpay-
ment of penalties.
  2.  Where  an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a
parking violation OR CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF  LIABILITY  IN  ACCORDANCE
WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or contest an alle-
gation  of  liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d
of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability  incurred
in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or
fails to appear on a designated hearing  date  or  subsequent  adjourned
date  or  fails  after  a  hearing to comply with the determination of a
hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation
of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be  deemed,
for  all  purposes,  an  admission of liability and shall be grounds for
rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided  by  the
rules  and  regulations  of the bureau. However, after the expiration of
the original date prescribed for entering a plea and  before  a  default
judgment  may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the
applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form
of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of  the  violation
charged  OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E
OF THIS CHAPTER or liability in accordance with section  eleven  hundred
eleven-d  of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven
hundred eighty-b of this chapter alleged, (2) of the  impending  default

S. 5688                            19

judgment,  (3)  that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of
the city in which the bureau has been established,  or  other  court  of
civil  jurisdiction  or  any other place provided for the entry of civil
judgments  within  the  state of New York, and (4) that a default may be
avoided by entering a plea OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF  LIABILITY  IN
ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF THIS CHAPTER or
contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section  eleven
hundred  eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liabil-
ity in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of  this  chapter
or  making  an  appearance  within  thirty  days  of the sending of such
notice. Pleas  entered  within  that  period  shall  be  in  the  manner
prescribed  in  the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee.
Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to
the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or  owners  who
are  non-residents  of the state of New York. In no case shall a default
judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of  impending  default
judgment  be  sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time
prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no
fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of
the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination  on  the
charges,  sustaining  them,  he  shall impose no greater penalty or fine
than those upon which the person was originally charged.
  S 7-d. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and  traffic
law,  as  separately amended by section 7-d of chapters 99, 101, and 123
of the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  1. The hearing examiner shall make a  determination  on  the  charges,
either  sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter-
mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine  either
the  prior  parking  violations  record  OR  THE  RECORD  OF LIABILITIES
INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS
CHAPTER  OF  THE PERSON CHARGED or the record of liabilities incurred in
accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter  of  the
person charged, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination.
Final  determinations  sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered
on a final determination roll maintained by  the  bureau  together  with
records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties.
  2.  Where  an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a
parking violation OR CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF  LIABILITY  IN  ACCORDANCE
WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or contest an alle-
gation  of  liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d
of this chapter or fails to appear  on  a  designated  hearing  date  or
subsequent  adjourned  date  or fails after a hearing to comply with the
determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by
rule or regulation of the bureau,  such  failure  to  plead,  appear  or
comply  shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and
shall be grounds for rendering and entering a  default  judgment  in  an
amount  provided  by  the  rules and regulations of the bureau. However,
after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea
and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case  the  bureau
shall  pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator
or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct;
(1) of the violation charged OR LIABILITY  IN  ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION
ELEVEN  HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED or liability in accord-
ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter  alleged,  (2)
of  the  impending  default  judgment,  (3)  that  such judgment will be
entered in the Civil Court of the city in  which  the  bureau  has  been

S. 5688                            20

established,  or  other  court  of civil jurisdiction or any other place
provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New  York,
and  (4)  that a default may be avoided by entering a plea OR CONTESTING
AN  ALLEGATION  OF  LIABILITY  IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or contesting an  allegation  of  liability  in
accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of this chapter or
making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of  such  notice.
Pleas  entered  within  that period shall be in the manner prescribed in
the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice  of
impending  default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering
and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who  are  non-resi-
dents  of  the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be
rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default  judgment  be
sent,  more  than  two years after the expiration of the time prescribed
for entering a plea.  When a person has demanded a hearing, no  fine  or
penalty  shall  be  imposed  for any reason, prior to the holding of the
hearing. If the hearing examiner  shall  make  a  determination  on  the
charges,  sustaining  them,  he  shall impose no greater penalty or fine
than those upon which the person was originally charged.
  S 7-e. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and  traffic
law,  subdivision  1  as  added  by  chapter 715 of the laws of 1972 and
subdivision 2 as amended by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended
to read as follows:
  1. The hearing examiner shall make a  determination  on  the  charges,
either  sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter-
mines that the charges have been sustained he OR  SHE  may  examine  the
prior parking violations record OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN
ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER of the
person charged, AS APPLICABLE, prior to rendering a final determination.
Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall  be  entered
on  a  final  determination  roll maintained by the bureau together with
records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties.
  2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge  of  a
parking  violation  OR  CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE
WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to  appear
on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after
a  hearing  to  comply  with the determination of a hearing examiner, as
prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau,  such
failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an
admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a
default  judgment  in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of
the  bureau.  However,  after  the  expiration  of  the  original   date
prescribed  for  entering  a  plea  and before a default judgment may be
rendered, in such case the  bureau  shall  pursuant  to  the  applicable
provisions  of  law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first
class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged OR
LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS
CHAPTER  ALLEGED,  (2)  of the impending default judgment, (3) that such
judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the  city  in  which  the
bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any
other  place  provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state
of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea OR
CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION  ELEVEN
HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty
days of the sending of such notice. Pleas  entered  within  that  period
shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to addi-

S. 5688                            21

tional  penalty  or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall
not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case  of
operators  or  owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In
no  case  shall  a  default  judgment  be rendered or, where required, a
notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years  after
the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person
has  demanded  a  hearing,  no  fine or penalty shall be imposed for any
reason, prior to the holding of the hearing.  If  the  hearing  examiner
shall  make  a  determination  on the charges, sustaining them, he shall
impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the  person  was
originally charged.
  S 8. Subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401
of  the  vehicle  and traffic law, as separately amended by section 1 of
chapter 43, and section 8 of chapters 99, 101 and 123  of  the  laws  of
2014, is amended to read as follows:
  (i) If at the time of application for a registration or renewal there-
of  there  is  a  certification from a court, parking violations bureau,
traffic and parking violations  agency  or  administrative  tribunal  of
appropriate  jurisdiction  that  the  registrant or his or her represen-
tative failed to appear on the return date or any  subsequent  adjourned
date  or  failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis-
trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in  response  to  a
total  of  three  or  more  summonses or other process in the aggregate,
issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that:  (i)  such
motor  vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi-
cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent  without
being  licensed  as  a  motor  vehicle for hire by the appropriate local
authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter  or  of
any  law,  ordinance,  rule  or regulation made by a local authority; or
(ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred
eleven-a, section eleven hundred  eleven-b  or  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-d  of  this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
eleven hundred eleven of this  chapter;  or  (iii)  the  registrant  was
liable  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap-
ter for a violation of  a  bus  lane  restriction  as  defined  in  such
section,  or  (iv)  the registrant was liable in accordance with section
eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation  of  subdivision
(c)  or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or (v) the
registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c
of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (c)  or  (d)  of  section
eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; OR (VI) THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE
IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A
VIOLATION  OF  SUBDIVISION  (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS
CHAPTER, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny  the  registra-
tion  or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the
court, traffic and parking violations agency or administrative  tribunal
wherein  the  charges  are pending that an appearance or answer has been
made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that  he  or  she  has
complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry
of  a  final  decision.  Where an application is denied pursuant to this
section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny  a  regis-
tration  or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle
and may deny a registration or renewal application for any  other  motor
vehicle  registered  in the name of the applicant where the commissioner
has determined that such registrant's  intent  has  been  to  evade  the
purposes  of  this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable

S. 5688                            22

grounds to believe that such  registration  or  renewal  will  have  the
effect  of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall
only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or  in
the  case  of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply
with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision.
  S 8-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401  of  the  vehicle
and traffic law, as separately amended by section 1-a of chapter 43, and
section  8-a of chapters 99, 101 and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended
to read as follows:
  a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
there is a certification from a  court  or  administrative  tribunal  of
appropriate  jurisdiction  that  the  registrant or his or her represen-
tative failed to appear on the return date or any  subsequent  adjourned
date  or  failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis-
trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in  response  to  a
total  of  three  or  more  summonses or other process in the aggregate,
issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that:  (i)  such
motor  vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi-
cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent  without
being  licensed  as  a  motor  vehicle for hire by the appropriate local
authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter  or  of
any  law,  ordinance,  rule  or regulation made by a local authority; or
(ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred
eleven-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d)  of  section
eleven  hundred  eleven  of  this  chapter;  or (iii) the registrant was
liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this  chap-
ter  for  a  violation  of  a  bus  lane  restriction as defined in such
section; or (iv) the registrant was liable in  accordance  with  section
eleven  hundred  eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision
(d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter or (v)  the  regis-
trant  was  liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of
this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of
section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (v) the registrant was
liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this  chap-
ter  for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section
eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; OR (VI) THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE
IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A
VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED  ELEVEN  OF  THIS
CHAPTER,  the  commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registra-
tion or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from  the
court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an
appearance  or  answer has been made or in the case of an administrative
tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and  regulations  of
said  tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application
is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or  her
discretion,  deny  a  registration  or  renewal application to any other
person for the same vehicle and  may  deny  a  registration  or  renewal
application  for  any  other motor vehicle registered in the name of the
applicant where the commissioner has determined that  such  registrant's
intent  has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the
commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or
renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this  subdivi-
sion.  Such  denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses
remain unanswered, or in the case of  an  administrative  tribunal,  the
registrant  fails  to  comply  with  the rules and regulations following
entry of a final decision.

S. 5688                            23

  S 8-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401  of  the  vehicle
and traffic law, as separately amended by section 1-b of chapter 43, and
section  8-b of chapters 99, 101 and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended
to read as follows:
  a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
there  is  a  certification  from  a court or administrative tribunal of
appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or  his  or  her  represen-
tative  failed  to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned
date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of  an  adminis-
trative  tribunal  following  entry  of  a final decision in response to
three or more summonses or other  process,  issued  within  an  eighteen
month  period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped
or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated  for  hire  by  the
registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle
for  hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the
provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or  regulation
made  by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord-
ance with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-c  of  this  chapter  for  a
violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section; or (iii)
the  registrant  was  liable  in  accordance with section eleven hundred
eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d)  of  section
eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iv) the registrant was liable
in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a
violation  of  subdivision  (b),  (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
hundred eighty of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in  accord-
ance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-c  of  this  chapter  for a
violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or  (g)  of  section  eleven
hundred  eighty  of this chapter[,]; OR (V) THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN
ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAPTER  FOR  A
VIOLATION  OF  SUBDIVISION  (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS
CHAPTER, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny  the  registra-
tion  or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the
court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an
appearance or answer has been made or in the case of  an  administrative
tribunal  that  he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of
said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an  application
is  denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her
discretion, deny a registration or  renewal  application  to  any  other
person  for  the  same  vehicle  and  may deny a registration or renewal
application for any other motor vehicle registered in the  name  of  the
applicant  where  the commissioner has determined that such registrant's
intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where  the
commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or
renewal  will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi-
sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as  the  summonses
remain  unanswered,  or  in  the case of an administrative tribunal, the
registrant fails to comply with  the  rules  and  regulations  following
entry of a final decision.
  S  8-c.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle
and traffic law, as separately amended by section 1-c of chapter 43, and
section 8-c of chapters 99, 101 and 123 of the laws of 2014, is  amended
to read as follows:
  a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
there  is  a  certification  from  a court or administrative tribunal of
appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or  his  OR  HER  represen-
tative  failed  to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned

S. 5688                            24

date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of  an  adminis-
trative  tribunal  following  entry  of  a final decision in response to
three or more summonses or other  process,  issued  within  an  eighteen
month  period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped
or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated  for  hire  by  the
registrant or his OR HER agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle
for  hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the
provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or  regulation
made  by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord-
ance with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of  this  chapter  for  a
violation  of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance  with  section
eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of this chapter for violations of subdivision
(b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
ter, or the registrant was liable  in  accordance  with  section  eleven
hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c),
(d),  (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter[,]; OR
(IV) THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED
ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D)  OF  SECTION
ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN  OF THIS CHAPTER, the commissioner or his OR HER
agent shall deny the  registration  or  renewal  application  until  the
applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wher-
ein  the  charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made
or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has  complied  with
the  rules  and  regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final
decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this  section,  the
commissioner  may,  in  his  OR  HER  discretion, deny a registration or
renewal application to any other person for the  same  vehicle  and  may
deny  a  registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle
registered in the name of  the  applicant  where  the  commissioner  has
determined  that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes
of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to
believe that such registration  or  renewal  will  have  the  effect  of
defeating  the  purposes  of  this  subdivision.  Such denial shall only
remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or  in  the
case  of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with
the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision.
  S 8-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401  of  the  vehicle
and traffic law, as separately amended by section 1-d of chapter 43, and
section  8-d of chapters 99, 101 and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended
to read as follows:
  a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
there is a certification from a  court  or  administrative  tribunal  of
appropriate  jurisdiction  that  the  registrant or his OR HER represen-
tative failed to appear on the return date or any  subsequent  adjourned
date  or  failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis-
trative tribunal following entry of a  final  decision  in  response  to
three  or  more  summonses  or  other process, issued within an eighteen
month period, charging that such motor vehicle was  parked,  stopped  or
standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis-
trant or his agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by
the  appropriate  local authority, in violation of any of the provisions
of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made  by  a
local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section
eleven  hundred  eighty-c  of this chapter for violations of subdivision
(b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-

S. 5688                            25

ter, or the registrant was liable  in  accordance  with  section  eleven
hundred  eleven-d  of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of
section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter,  OR  THE  REGISTRANT  WAS
LIABLE  IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAP-
TER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED  ELEVEN
OF  THIS  CHAPTER,  the  commissioner or his OR HER agent shall deny the
registration or renewal application until the applicant  provides  proof
from  the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pend-
ing that an appearance or answer has been made or  in  the  case  of  an
administrative  tribunal  that he OR SHE has complied with the rules and
regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision.  Where
an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may,
in  his OR HER discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to
any other person for the same vehicle and may  deny  a  registration  or
renewal  application  for any other motor vehicle registered in the name
of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such  regis-
trant's  intent  has  been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and
where the commissioner has  reasonable  grounds  to  believe  that  such
registration  or  renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes
of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long  as
the  summonses  remain  unanswered,  or in the case of an administrative
tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and  regulations
following entry of a final decision.
  S  8-e.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle
and traffic law, as separately amended by section 8-d  of  chapters  99,
101 and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
there  is  a  certification  from  a court or administrative tribunal of
appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or  his  OR  HER  represen-
tative  failed  to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned
date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of  an  adminis-
trative  tribunal  following  entry  of  a final decision in response to
three or more summonses or other  process,  issued  within  an  eighteen
month  period,  charging  that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or
standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis-
trant or his OR HER agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle  for
hire  by  the  appropriate  local  authority, in violation of any of the
provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or  regulation
made  by  a  local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance
with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation  of
subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, OR THE
REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E
OF  THIS  CHAPTER  FOR  A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN
HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS CHAPTER, the commissioner or  his  OR  HER  agent
shall  deny  the registration or renewal application until the applicant
provides proof from the court or  administrative  tribunal  wherein  the
charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the
case  of  an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules
and regulations of said tribunal following entry of  a  final  decision.
Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commission-
er  may, in his OR HER discretion, deny a registration or renewal appli-
cation to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registra-
tion or renewal application for any other motor  vehicle  registered  in
the  name  of  the  applicant where the commissioner has determined that
such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivi-
sion and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to  believe  that

S. 5688                            26

such  registration  or  renewal  will  have  the effect of defeating the
purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as
long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of  an  adminis-
trative  tribunal,  the  registrant  fails  to comply with the rules and
regulations following entry of a final decision.
  S 8-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401  of  the  vehicle
and  traffic  law,  as separately amended by chapters 339 and 592 of the
laws of 1987, is amended to read as follows:
  a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
there is a certification from a  court  or  administrative  tribunal  of
appropriate  jurisdiction  that  the  registrant or his OR HER represen-
tative failed to appear on the return date or any  subsequent  adjourned
date  or  failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis-
trative tribunal following entry of a  final  decision  in  response  to
three  or  more  summonses  or  other process, issued within an eighteen
month period, charging that such motor vehicle was  parked,  stopped  or
standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis-
trant  or his OR HER agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for
hire by the appropriate local authority, in  violation  of  any  of  the
provisions  of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation
made by a local authority, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS  LIABLE  IN  ACCORDANCE
WITH  SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF
SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF  THIS  CHAPTER,  the
commissioner  or his OR HER agent shall deny the registration or renewal
application until the applicant provides proof from the court or  admin-
istrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or
answer  has  been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that
he has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal  follow-
ing  entry  of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant
to this section, the commissioner may, in his OR HER discretion, deny  a
registration  or  renewal  application  to any other person for the same
vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other
motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the  commis-
sioner  has  determined  that such registrant's intent has been to evade
the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has  reason-
able  grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the
effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial  shall
only  remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in
the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails  to  comply
with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision.
  S  9.  The  vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section
1111-e to read as follows:
  S 1111-E. OWNER LIABILITY FOR  FAILURE  OF  OPERATOR  TO  COMPLY  WITH
TRAFFIC-CONTROL  INDICATIONS. (A) 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION
OF LAW, THE CITY OF WHITE PLAINS IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED AND  EMPOWERED  TO
ADOPT  AND  AMEND  A LOCAL LAW OR ORDINANCE ESTABLISHING A DEMONSTRATION
PROGRAM IMPOSING MONETARY LIABILITY ON THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE FOR  FAIL-
URE OF AN OPERATOR THEREOF TO COMPLY WITH TRAFFIC-CONTROL INDICATIONS IN
SUCH CITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION. SUCH DEMON-
STRATION  PROGRAM  SHALL EMPOWER SUCH CITY TO INSTALL AND OPERATE TRAFF-
IC-CONTROL SIGNAL PHOTO VIOLATION-MONITORING DEVICES  AT  NO  MORE  THAN
TWELVE INTERSECTIONS WITHIN SUCH CITY AT ANY ONE TIME.
  2.  SUCH DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM SHALL UTILIZE NECESSARY TECHNOLOGIES TO
ENSURE, TO THE EXTENT PRACTICABLE, THAT  PHOTOGRAPHS  PRODUCED  BY  SUCH
TRAFFIC-CONTROL  SIGNAL  PHOTO  VIOLATION-MONITORING  SYSTEMS  SHALL NOT
INCLUDE IMAGES THAT IDENTIFY THE DRIVER, THE PASSENGERS, OR THE CONTENTS

S. 5688                            27

OF THE VEHICLE. PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT NO NOTICE  OF  LIABILITY  ISSUED
PURSUANT  TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE DISMISSED SOLELY BECAUSE A PHOTOGRAPH
OR PHOTOGRAPHS ALLOW FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE CONTENTS OF  A  VEHI-
CLE, PROVIDED THAT SUCH CITY HAS MADE A REASONABLE EFFORT TO COMPLY WITH
THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH.
  (B) IN ANY SUCH CITY WHICH HAS ADOPTED A LOCAL LAW OR ORDINANCE PURSU-
ANT  TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION, THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE
LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION  IF  SUCH  VEHICLE
WAS  USED  OR  OPERATED  WITH  THE  PERMISSION  OF THE OWNER, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEV-
EN OF THIS ARTICLE, AND  SUCH  VIOLATION  IS  EVIDENCED  BY  INFORMATION
OBTAINED   FROM  A  TRAFFIC-CONTROL  SIGNAL  PHOTO  VIOLATION-MONITORING
SYSTEM; PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE  FOR
A  PENALTY  IMPOSED  PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WHERE THE OPERATOR OF SUCH
VEHICLE HAS BEEN CONVICTED OF THE UNDERLYING  VIOLATION  OF  SUBDIVISION
(D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE.
  (C)  FOR  PURPOSES  OF  THIS  SECTION,  "OWNER" SHALL HAVE THE MEANING
PROVIDED IN ARTICLE TWO-B OF THIS CHAPTER. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION,
"TRAFFIC-CONTROL SIGNAL PHOTO VIOLATION-MONITORING SYSTEM" SHALL MEAN  A
VEHICLE  SENSOR  INSTALLED TO WORK IN CONJUNCTION WITH A TRAFFIC-CONTROL
SIGNAL WHICH AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCES TWO OR MORE PHOTOGRAPHS, TWO OR MORE
MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, A VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES OF  EACH  VEHICLE
AT  THE  TIME  IT IS USED OR OPERATED IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE.
  (D) A CERTIFICATE, SWORN TO OR AFFIRMED BY A  TECHNICIAN  EMPLOYED  BY
THE  CITY  OF WHITE PLAINS IN WHICH THE CHARGED VIOLATION OCCURRED, OR A
FACSIMILE THEREOF, BASED UPON  INSPECTION  OF  PHOTOGRAPHS,  MICROPHOTO-
GRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY A TRAFFIC-CONTROL
SIGNAL  PHOTO VIOLATION-MONITORING SYSTEM, SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE
OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. ANY PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDE-
OTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES EVIDENCING  SUCH  A  VIOLATION  SHALL  BE
AVAILABLE  FOR  INSPECTION IN ANY PROCEEDING TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY
FOR SUCH VIOLATION PURSUANT TO A LOCAL LAW OR ORDINANCE ADOPTED PURSUANT
TO THIS SECTION.
  (E) AN OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION  OF  SUBDIVISION  (D)  OF  SECTION
ELEVEN  HUNDRED  ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO A LOCAL LAW OR ORDI-
NANCE ADOPTED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION  SHALL  BE  LIABLE  FOR  MONETARY
PENALTIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH A SCHEDULE OF FINES AND PENALTIES TO BE SET
FORTH  IN SUCH LOCAL LAW OR ORDINANCE, EXCEPT THAT IF SUCH CITY BY LOCAL
LAW HAS AUTHORIZED THE ADJUDICATION OF SUCH OWNER LIABILITY BY A PARKING
VIOLATIONS BUREAU, SUCH SCHEDULE SHALL BE PROMULGATED  BY  SUCH  BUREAU.
THE  LIABILITY  OF  THE  OWNER PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL NOT EXCEED
FIFTY DOLLARS FOR EACH VIOLATION; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT SUCH LOCAL LAW
OR ORDINANCE MAY PROVIDE FOR AN ADDITIONAL  PENALTY  NOT  IN  EXCESS  OF
TWENTY-FIVE  DOLLARS  FOR EACH VIOLATION FOR THE FAILURE TO RESPOND TO A
NOTICE OF LIABILITY WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME PERIOD.
  (F) AN IMPOSITION OF LIABILITY UNDER A LOCAL LAW OR ORDINANCE  ADOPTED
PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE DEEMED A CONVICTION AS AN OPERATOR
AND  SHALL  NOT  BE MADE PART OF THE OPERATING RECORD OF THE PERSON UPON
WHOM SUCH LIABILITY IS IMPOSED  NOR  SHALL  IT  BE  USED  FOR  INSURANCE
PURPOSES IN THE PROVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE COVERAGE.
  (G) 1. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO EACH
PERSON  ALLEGED  TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION
(D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE  PURSUANT  TO  THIS
SECTION.  PERSONAL DELIVERY ON THE OWNER SHALL NOT BE REQUIRED. A MANUAL

S. 5688                            28

OR AUTOMATIC RECORD OF MAILING PREPARED IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF  BUSI-
NESS SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN.
  2.  A  NOTICE  OF  LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE
PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION  OF  SUBDIVISION
(D)  OF  SECTION  ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS
SECTION, THE  REGISTRATION  NUMBER  OF  THE  VEHICLE  INVOLVED  IN  SUCH
VIOLATION,  THE  LOCATION  WHERE SUCH VIOLATION TOOK PLACE, THE DATE AND
TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION AND THE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THE CAMERA WHICH
RECORDED THE VIOLATION OR OTHER DOCUMENT LOCATOR NUMBER.
  3. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY  SHALL  CONTAIN  INFORMATION  ADVISING  THE
PERSON CHARGED OF THE MANNER AND THE TIME IN WHICH HE OR SHE MAY CONTEST
THE LIABILITY ALLEGED IN THE NOTICE. SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL ALSO
CONTAIN  A WARNING TO ADVISE THE PERSONS CHARGED THAT FAILURE TO CONTEST
IN THE MANNER AND TIME PROVIDED SHALL BE DEEMED AN ADMISSION OF  LIABIL-
ITY AND THAT A DEFAULT JUDGMENT MAY BE ENTERED THEREON.
  4. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE PREPARED AND MAILED BY THE CITY OF
WHITE  PLAINS, OR BY ANY OTHER ENTITY AUTHORIZED BY SUCH CITY TO PREPARE
AND MAIL SUCH NOTIFICATION OF VIOLATION.
  (H) ADJUDICATION OF THE LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS BY THIS  SECTION
SHALL  BE BY A TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU ESTABLISHED PURSUANT TO SECTION
THREE HUNDRED SEVENTY OF THE GENERAL MUNICIPAL LAW OR, IF THERE BE NONE,
BY THE COURT HAVING JURISDICTION OVER TRAFFIC INFRACTIONS,  EXCEPT  THAT
IF  SUCH  CITY  HAS  ESTABLISHED  AN ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL TO HEAR AND
DETERMINE COMPLAINTS OF TRAFFIC INFRACTIONS CONSTITUTING PARKING, STAND-
ING OR STOPPING VIOLATIONS SUCH CITY MAY, BY LOCAL LAW,  AUTHORIZE  SUCH
ADJUDICATION BY SUCH TRIBUNAL.
  (I)  IF  AN  OWNER  RECEIVES  A  NOTICE  OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO THIS
SECTION FOR ANY TIME PERIOD DURING WHICH THE VEHICLE WAS REPORTED TO THE
POLICE DEPARTMENT AS HAVING BEEN STOLEN, IT SHALL BE A VALID DEFENSE  TO
AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION
ELEVEN  HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION THAT THE
VEHICLE HAD BEEN REPORTED TO THE POLICE AS STOLEN PRIOR TO THE TIME  THE
VIOLATION OCCURRED AND HAD NOT BEEN RECOVERED BY SUCH TIME. FOR PURPOSES
OF ASSERTING THE DEFENSE PROVIDED BY THIS SUBDIVISION IT SHALL BE SUFFI-
CIENT  THAT  A CERTIFIED COPY OF THE POLICE REPORT ON THE STOLEN VEHICLE
BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO  THE  TRAFFIC  VIOLATIONS  BUREAU,  COURT
HAVING JURISDICTION OR PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU.
  (J)  1.  IN SUCH CITY WHERE THE ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON
OWNERS PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IS BY A TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU  OR  A
COURT  HAVING  JURISDICTION,  AN  OWNER  WHO IS A LESSOR OF A VEHICLE TO
WHICH A NOTICE OF LIABILITY WAS ISSUED PURSUANT TO  SUBDIVISION  (G)  OF
THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR THE VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF
SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE, PROVIDED THAT HE OR SHE
SENDS TO THE TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU OR COURT  HAVING  JURISDICTION  A
COPY  OF THE RENTAL, LEASE OR OTHER SUCH CONTRACT DOCUMENT COVERING SUCH
VEHICLE ON THE DATE OF THE VIOLATION, WITH THE NAME AND ADDRESS  OF  THE
LESSEE  CLEARLY LEGIBLE, WITHIN THIRTY-SEVEN DAYS AFTER RECEIVING NOTICE
FROM THE BUREAU OR COURT OF THE DATE AND TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION, TOGETH-
ER WITH THE OTHER  INFORMATION  CONTAINED  IN  THE  ORIGINAL  NOTICE  OF
LIABILITY. FAILURE TO SEND SUCH INFORMATION WITHIN SUCH THIRTY-SEVEN DAY
TIME  PERIOD SHALL RENDER THE OWNER LIABLE FOR THE PENALTY PRESCRIBED BY
THIS SECTION. WHERE THE LESSOR COMPLIES  WITH  THE  PROVISIONS  OF  THIS
PARAGRAPH,  THE  LESSEE  OF  SUCH  VEHICLE ON THE DATE OF SUCH VIOLATION
SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE OWNER OF SUCH VEHICLE  FOR  PURPOSES  OF  THIS
SECTION,  SHALL BE SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR THE VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION
(D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE  PURSUANT  TO  THIS

S. 5688                            29

SECTION  AND SHALL BE SENT A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION
(G) OF THIS SECTION.
  2.  (I)  IN  SUCH CITY WHICH, BY LOCAL LAW, HAS AUTHORIZED THE ADJUDI-
CATION OF LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS BY THIS  SECTION  BY  A  PARKING
VIOLATIONS  BUREAU,  AN  OWNER  WHO  IS A LESSOR OF A VEHICLE TO WHICH A
NOTICE OF LIABILITY WAS ISSUED  PURSUANT  TO  SUBDIVISION  (G)  OF  THIS
SECTION  SHALL  NOT  BE  LIABLE  FOR THE VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE, PROVIDED THAT:
  (A) PRIOR TO THE VIOLATION, THE LESSOR HAS FILED WITH  THE  BUREAU  IN
ACCORDANCE  WITH  THE  PROVISIONS  OF SECTION TWO HUNDRED THIRTY-NINE OF
THIS CHAPTER; AND
  (B) WITHIN THIRTY-SEVEN DAYS AFTER RECEIVING NOTICE FROM THE BUREAU OF
THE DATE AND TIME OF A LIABILITY, TOGETHER WITH  THE  OTHER  INFORMATION
CONTAINED IN THE ORIGINAL NOTICE OF LIABILITY, THE LESSOR SUBMITS TO THE
BUREAU THE CORRECT NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE LESSEE OF THE VEHICLE IDENTI-
FIED  IN THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY AT THE TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION, TOGETHER
WITH SUCH OTHER ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE RENTAL, LEASE OR
OTHER CONTRACT DOCUMENT, AS MAY BE REASONABLY  REQUIRED  BY  THE  BUREAU
PURSUANT TO REGULATIONS THAT MAY BE PROMULGATED FOR SUCH PURPOSE.
  (II)  FAILURE  TO  COMPLY  WITH CLAUSE (B) OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS
PARAGRAPH SHALL RENDER THE OWNER LIABLE FOR THE  PENALTY  PRESCRIBED  IN
THIS SECTION.
  (III) WHERE THE LESSOR COMPLIES WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH,
THE LESSEE OF SUCH VEHICLE ON THE DATE OF SUCH VIOLATION SHALL BE DEEMED
TO  BE  THE OWNER OF SUCH VEHICLE FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, SHALL BE
SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR SUCH VIOLATION PURSUANT  TO  THIS  SECTION  AND
SHALL  BE SENT A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (G) OF THIS
SECTION.
  (K) 1. IF THE OWNER LIABLE FOR  A  VIOLATION  OF  SUBDIVISION  (D)  OF
SECTION  ELEVEN  HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION
WAS NOT THE OPERATOR OF THE VEHICLE AT THE TIME OF  THE  VIOLATION,  THE
OWNER MAY MAINTAIN AN ACTION FOR INDEMNIFICATION AGAINST THE OPERATOR.
  2.  NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF THIS SECTION, NO OWNER OF A
VEHICLE SHALL BE SUBJECT TO A MONETARY FINE  IMPOSED  PURSUANT  TO  THIS
SECTION IF THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS OPERATING SUCH VEHICLE WITH-
OUT  THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME SUCH OPERATOR FAILED TO OBEY A
TRAFFIC-CONTROL INDICATION. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SUBDIVISION THERE SHALL
BE A PRESUMPTION THAT THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE  WAS  OPERATING  SUCH
VEHICLE  WITH  THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME SUCH OPERATOR FAILED
TO OBEY A TRAFFIC-CONTROL INDICATION.
  (L) NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO LIMIT THE  LIABILITY
OF  AN  OPERATOR  OF  A  VEHICLE FOR ANY VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE.
  (M) IN ANY SUCH CITY WHICH ADOPTS A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PURSUANT  TO
SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION, SUCH CITY SHALL SUBMIT AN ANNUAL REPORT
ON   THE   RESULTS   OF  THE  USE  OF  A  TRAFFIC-CONTROL  SIGNAL  PHOTO
VIOLATION-MONITORING SYSTEM TO THE GOVERNOR, THE TEMPORARY PRESIDENT  OF
THE SENATE AND THE SPEAKER OF THE ASSEMBLY ON OR BEFORE THE FIRST DAY OF
JUNE  NEXT SUCCEEDING THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION AND ON THE SAME
DATE IN EACH SUCCEEDING YEAR IN WHICH THE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IS OPER-
ABLE. SUCH REPORT SHALL INCLUDE, BUT NOT BE LIMITED TO:
  1. A DESCRIPTION OF THE LOCATIONS WHERE TRAFFIC-CONTROL  SIGNAL  PHOTO
VIOLATION-MONITORING SYSTEMS WERE USED;
  2.  THE  AGGREGATE  NUMBER, TYPE AND SEVERITY OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED AT
INTERSECTIONS WHERE A TRAFFIC-CONTROL SIGNAL PHOTO  VIOLATION-MONITORING
SYSTEM  IS  USED FOR THE YEAR PRECEDING THE INSTALLATION OF SUCH SYSTEM,

S. 5688                            30

TO THE EXTENT THE INFORMATION IS MAINTAINED BY THE DEPARTMENT  OF  MOTOR
VEHICLES OF THIS STATE;
  3.  THE  AGGREGATE  NUMBER, TYPE AND SEVERITY OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED AT
INTERSECTIONS WHERE A TRAFFIC-CONTROL SIGNAL PHOTO  VIOLATION-MONITORING
SYSTEM  IS  USED,  TO  THE  EXTENT  THE INFORMATION IS MAINTAINED BY THE
DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES OF THIS STATE;
  4. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED  AT  EACH  INTERSECTION  WHERE  A
TRAFFIC-CONTROL  SIGNAL PHOTO VIOLATION-MONITORING SYSTEM IS USED AND IN
THE AGGREGATE ON A DAILY, WEEKLY AND MONTHLY BASIS;
  5. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF NOTICES  OF  LIABILITY  ISSUED  FOR  VIOLATIONS
RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS;
  6.  THE  NUMBER  OF  FINES  AND TOTAL AMOUNT OF FINES PAID AFTER FIRST
NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS;
  7. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS ADJUDICATED AND RESULTS  OF  SUCH  ADJUDI-
CATIONS   INCLUDING  BREAKDOWNS  OF  DISPOSITIONS  MADE  FOR  VIOLATIONS
RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS;
  8. THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF REVENUE REALIZED BY SUCH CITY FROM SUCH ADJUDI-
CATIONS;
  9. EXPENSES INCURRED BY SUCH CITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROGRAM; AND
  10. QUALITY OF THE ADJUDICATION PROCESS AND ITS RESULTS.
  (N) IT SHALL BE A DEFENSE TO ANY PROSECUTION FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDI-
VISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT  TO
A  LOCAL  LAW  OR  ORDINANCE  ADOPTED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION THAT SUCH
TRAFFIC-CONTROL INDICATIONS WERE  MALFUNCTIONING  AT  THE  TIME  OF  THE
ALLEGED VIOLATION.
  S  10.  The  opening  paragraph  and paragraph (c) of subdivision 1 of
section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as  separately  amended  by
section  3 of chapter 43, and section 10 of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of
the laws of 2014, are amended to read as follows:
  Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of  this
state  result  in  a  conviction  for an offense under this chapter or a
traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule
or  regulation  adopted  pursuant  to this chapter, other than a traffic
infraction involving standing, stopping, or  parking  or  violations  by
pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of
an  owner  for  a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred
eleven of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-a  of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of
an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of  section  eleven  hundred
eleven  of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred
eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an  adjudication  in  accordance
with  section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of
a bus lane restriction as defined in such  section,  or  other  than  an
adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d)
of  section  eleven  hundred  eleven  of this chapter in accordance with
section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an  adju-
dication  of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b),
(c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in
accordance with section eleven hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter,  or
other  than  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of
subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven  hundred  eighty
of  this  chapter  in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of
this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR
A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF  THIS
CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAP-
TER, there shall be levied a crime victim assistance fee and a mandatory

S. 5688                            31

surcharge,  in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in
accordance with the following schedule:
  (c)  Whenever  proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of
this state result in a conviction for  an  offense  under  this  chapter
other than a crime pursuant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this
chapter,  or  a  traffic  infraction under this chapter, or a local law,
ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to  this  chapter,  other
than  a  traffic  infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or
violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than  an  adjudication
of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section  eleven
hundred  eleven-a  of  this  chapter,  or  other than an adjudication of
liability of an owner for a violation  of  subdivision  (d)  of  section
eleven  hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven
hundred eleven-b of this chapter,  or  other  than  an  adjudication  of
liability  of  an  owner  for  a violation of subdivision (d) of section
eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section  eleven
hundred  eleven-d  of this chapter, or other than an infraction pursuant
to article nine of this chapter or other than an adjudication of liabil-
ity of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations  pursuant
to  section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori-
ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven
hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or other than
an adjudication in accordance with section eleven  hundred  eleven-c  of
this  chapter  for  a  violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in
such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for
a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of  section  eleven
hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
eighty-b  of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of
an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of
section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section
eleven  hundred  eighty-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION
OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D)  OF  SECTION
ELEVEN  HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN
HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied a  crime  victim
assistance  fee in the amount of five dollars and a mandatory surcharge,
in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the  amount
of fifty-five dollars.
  S  10-a. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law,
as separately amended by section 3-a of chapter 43 and section  10-a  of
chapters  99,  101  and  123  of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as
follows:
  1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or  a  court  of
this  state  result  in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a
traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule
or  regulation  adopted  pursuant  to this chapter, other than a traffic
infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equip-
ment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an  adju-
dication  of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of
section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than  an  adjudication
of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section  eleven
hundred  eleven-b  of  this  chapter,  or  other than an adjudication in
accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this  chapter  for  a
violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other

S. 5688                            32

than  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi-
vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter  in  accord-
ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than
an  adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision
(b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this  chapter,
or  other  than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation
of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)  or  (g)  of  section  eleven  hundred
eighty  of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight-
y-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF  LIABILITY  OF  AN
OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEV-
EN OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF
THIS  CHAPTER,  there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition
to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount  of  twenty-
five dollars.
  S  10-b. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law,
as separately amended by section 3-b of chapter 43 and section  10-b  of
chapters  99,  101,  and  123 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as
follows:
  1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or  a  court  of
this  state  result  in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a
traffic infraction under this chapter other than  a  traffic  infraction
involving  standing,  stopping,  parking  or  motor vehicle equipment or
violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than  an  adjudication
in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a
violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other
than  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi-
vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter  in  accord-
ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than
an  adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision
(b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this  chapter,
or  other  than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation
of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)  or  (g)  of  section  eleven  hundred
eighty  of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight-
y-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF  LIABILITY  OF  AN
OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEV-
EN OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF
THIS  CHAPTER,  there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition
to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen
dollars.
  S 10-c. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic  law,
as  separately  amended by section 3-c of chapter 43 and section 10-c of
chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014, is  amended  to  read  as
follows:
  1.  Whenever  proceedings  in an administrative tribunal or a court of
this state result in a conviction for a crime under this  chapter  or  a
traffic  infraction  under  this chapter other than a traffic infraction
involving standing, stopping, parking  or  motor  vehicle  equipment  or
violations  by  pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication
of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b),  (c),  (d),
(f)  or  (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord-
ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than
an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of  subdivision
(b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
ter  in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter,

S. 5688                            33

or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for  a  violation
of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in
accordance with section eleven hundred  eleven-d  of  this  chapter,  OR
OTHER  THAN  AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF
SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED  ELEVEN  OF  THIS  CHAPTER  IN
ACCORDANCE  WITH  SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, there
shall be levied a mandatory  surcharge,  in  addition  to  any  sentence
required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars.
  S  10-d. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law,
as separately amended by section 3-d of chapter 43 and section  10-d  of
chapters  99,  101,  and  123 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as
follows:
  1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or  a  court  of
this  state  result  in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a
traffic infraction under this chapter other than  a  traffic  infraction
involving  standing,  stopping,  parking  or  motor vehicle equipment or
violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than  an  adjudication
of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),
(f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter  in  accord-
ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than
an  adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision
(d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance  with
section  eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJU-
DICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D)  OF
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION
ELEVEN  HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied a manda-
tory surcharge, in addition to any sentence  required  or  permitted  by
law, in the amount of seventeen dollars.
  S  10-e. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law,
as separately amended by section 10-d of chapters 99, 101,  and  123  of
the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  1.  Whenever  proceedings  in an administrative tribunal or a court of
this state result in a conviction for a crime under this  chapter  or  a
traffic  infraction  under  this chapter other than a traffic infraction
involving standing, stopping, parking  or  motor  vehicle  equipment  or
violations  by  pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication
of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d)  of  section
eleven  hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven
hundred eleven-d of this chapter,  OR  OTHER  THAN  AN  ADJUDICATION  OF
LIABILITY  OF  AN  OWNER  FOR  A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION
ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION  ELEVEN
HUNDRED  ELEVEN-E  OF  THIS  CHAPTER,  there shall be levied a mandatory
surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law,  in
the amount of seventeen dollars.
  S  10-f. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law,
as separately amended by chapter 16 of the laws of 1983 and  chapter  62
of the laws of 1989, is amended to read as follows:
  1.  Whenever  proceedings  in an administrative tribunal or a court of
this state result in a conviction for a crime under this  chapter  or  a
traffic  infraction  under  this chapter other than a traffic infraction
involving standing, stopping, parking  or  motor  vehicle  equipment  or
violations  by  pedestrians or bicyclists, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION
OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D)  OF  SECTION
ELEVEN  HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN
HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAPTER, there  shall  be  levied  a  mandatory

S. 5688                            34

surcharge,  in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in
the amount of seventeen dollars.
  S  11.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle
and traffic law, as separately amended by section 4 of  chapter  43  and
section  11 of chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended
to read as follows:
  a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
a court or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result  in  a
conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
fic  infraction  under  this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or
regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an  owner  for  a
violation  of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chap-
ter, OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAP-
TER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation
of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in
accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b  of  this  chapter,  and
except  an  adjudication  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
eleven-c of this chapter of a violation of a  bus  lane  restriction  as
defined  in  such section, and except an adjudication of liability of an
owner for a violation of subdivision  (b),  (c),  (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of
section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section
eleven  hundred  eighty-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of
liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),  (f)
or  (g)  of  section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance
with section eleven hundred eighty-c of  this  chapter,  and  except  an
adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection
regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of
the   public  authorities  law  or  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and
sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of  nineteen
hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penal-
ty  or  other  surcharge  required  or  permitted  by law, an additional
surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
  S 11-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the  vehicle
and  traffic law, as separately amended by section 4-a of chapter 43 and
section 11-a of chapters 99, 101, and  123  of  the  laws  of  2014,  is
amended to read as follows:
  a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
a  court  or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result in a
conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule  or
regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
bicyclists,  and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a
violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
ter  or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
ter OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAP-
TER,  and  except  an  adjudication  in  accordance  with section eleven
hundred  eleven-c  of  this  chapter  of  a  violation  of  a  bus  lane
restriction  as  defined  in such section, and except an adjudication of

S. 5688                            35

liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),  (f)
or  (g)  of  section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance
with section eleven hundred eighty-b of  this  chapter,  and  except  an
adjudication  of  liability  of  an owner for a violation of subdivision
(b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this  chapter,
and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of
toll collection  regulations  pursuant  to  section  two  thousand  nine
hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a,
sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the
laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any
sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted  by  law,  an
additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
  S  11-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle
and traffic law, as separately amended by section 4-b of chapter 43  and
section  11-b  of  chapters  99,  101,  and  123 of the laws of 2014, is
amended to read as follows:
  a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
a court or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result  in  a
conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
fic  infraction  under  this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or
regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an  owner  for  a
violation  of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chap-
ter  OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAP-
TER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation
of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)  or  (g)  of  section  eleven  hundred
eighty  of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight-
y-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner
for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of  section
eleven  hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven
hundred eighty-c of this chapter, and except an adjudication of  liabil-
ity  of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant
to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public  authori-
ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven
hundred  seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall
be levied in addition  to  any  sentence,  penalty  or  other  surcharge
required  or  permitted  by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight
dollars.
  S 11-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the  vehicle
and  traffic law, as separately amended by section 4-c of chapter 43 and
section 11-c of chapters 99, 101, and  123  of  the  laws  of  2014,  is
amended to read as follows:
  a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
a  court  or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result in a
conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule  or
regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
bicyclists,  and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a
violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this

S. 5688                            36

chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
ter  or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
ter OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS  CHAP-
TER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation
of  subdivision  (b),  (c),  (d),  (f)  or (g) of section eleven hundred
eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred  eight-
y-c of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner
for  a  violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two
thousand nine hundred eighty-five  of  the  public  authorities  law  or
sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred
seventy-four of the laws of  nineteen  hundred  fifty,  there  shall  be
levied  in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required
or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
  S 11-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the  vehicle
and  traffic  law, as separately amended by section 11-c of chapters 99,
101, and 123 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
a court or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result  in  a
conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
fic  infraction  under  this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or
regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an  owner  for  a
violation  of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chap-
ter  OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAP-
TER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation
of toll collection regulations pursuant to  section  two  thousand  nine
hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a,
sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the
laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any
sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted  by  law,  an
additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
  S  11-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle
and traffic law, as amended by section 5 of part C of chapter 55 of  the
laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows:
  a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
a  court  or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result in a
conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule  or
regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
bicyclists,  and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a
violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
ter  OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THIS CHAP-
TER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation
of toll collection regulations pursuant to  section  two  thousand  nine
hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a,
sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the
laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any
sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted  by  law,  an
additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.

S. 5688                            37

  S  12.  Subdivision  1 of section 371 of the general municipal law, as
separately amended by section 12 of chapters 99, 101,  and  123  of  the
laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows:
  1.  A  traffic  violations  bureau so established may be authorized to
dispose of violations of traffic laws, ordinances, rules and regulations
when such offenses shall not constitute the traffic infraction known  as
speeding  or a misdemeanor or felony, and, if authorized by local law or
ordinance, to adjudicate the  liability  of  owners  for  violations  of
subdivision  (d)  of  section  eleven  hundred eleven of the vehicle and
traffic law in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a  of  such
law  or section eleven hundred eleven-b of such law as added by sections
sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of  the  laws  of
two  thousand  nine  which  amended  this subdivision, or section eleven
hundred eleven-d of such law, OR SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF SUCH
LAW.
  S 12-a. Section 371  of  the  general  municipal  law,  as  separately
amended  by  section  12-a  of  chapters 99, 101, and 123 of the laws of
2014, is amended to read as follows:
  S 371. Jurisdiction and procedure.  A  traffic  violations  bureau  so
established  may be authorized to dispose of violations of traffic laws,
ordinances, rules and regulations when such offenses shall  not  consti-
tute  the traffic infraction known as speeding or a misdemeanor or felo-
ny, and, if authorized by local law  or  ordinance,  to  adjudicate  the
liability  of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven
hundred eleven of the vehicle and traffic law in accordance with section
eleven hundred eleven-b of such law as  added  by  sections  sixteen  of
chapters  twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand
nine which amended this section or section eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of
such law OR SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF SUCH LAW, by permitting a
person  charged with an offense within the limitations herein stated, to
answer, within a specified  time,  at  the  traffic  violations  bureau,
either  in person or by written power of attorney in such form as may be
prescribed in the ordinance creating the bureau, by paying a  prescribed
fine and, in writing, waiving a hearing in court, pleading guilty to the
charge  or admitting liability as an owner for the violation of subdivi-
sion (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of  the  vehicle  and  traffic
law,  as  the  case  may be, and authorizing the person in charge of the
bureau to make such a plea or admission and pay such a  fine  in  court.
Acceptance  of  the  prescribed fine and power of attorney by the bureau
shall be deemed complete  satisfaction  for  the  violation  or  of  the
liability,  and the violator or owner liable for a violation of subdivi-
sion (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of the vehicle and traffic law
shall be given a receipt which so states. If a  person  charged  with  a
traffic  violation  does not answer as hereinbefore prescribed, within a
designated time, the bureau  shall  cause  a  complaint  to  be  entered
against  him  or her forthwith and a warrant to be issued for his or her
arrest and appearance before the court. Any person who shall have  been,
within  the  preceding  twelve  months,  guilty  of  a number of parking
violations in excess of such maximum number as may be designated by  the
court,  or  of  three  or more violations other than parking violations,
shall not be permitted to appear and answer to a subsequent violation at
the traffic violations bureau, but must appear in court at a time speci-
fied by the bureau. Such traffic violations bureau shall not be  author-
ized  to  deprive  a person of his or her right to counsel or to prevent
him or her from exercising his or her right to appear in court to answer

S. 5688                            38

to, explain, or defend any charge of a violation  of  any  traffic  law,
ordinance, rule or regulation.
  S  12-b.  Section  371  of  the  general  municipal law, as separately
amended by section 12-b of chapters 99, 101, and  123  of  the  laws  of
2014, is amended to read as follows:
  S  371.  Jurisdiction  and  procedure.  A traffic violations bureau so
established may be authorized to dispose of violations of traffic  laws,
ordinances,  rules  and regulations when such offenses shall not consti-
tute the traffic infraction known as speeding or a misdemeanor or  felo-
ny,  and,  if  authorized  by  local law or ordinance, to adjudicate the
liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section  eleven
hundred eleven of the vehicle and traffic law in accordance with section
eleven  hundred eleven-d OR SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E of the vehi-
cle and traffic law, by permitting a  person  charged  with  an  offense
within  the  limitations  herein  stated,  to answer, within a specified
time, at the traffic violations bureau, either in person or  by  written
power  of  attorney  in  such form as may be prescribed in the ordinance
creating the bureau, by paying a prescribed fine and, in writing,  waiv-
ing  a  hearing  in  court,  pleading  guilty to the charge or admitting
liability as an owner for the violation of subdivision  (d)  of  section
eleven  hundred  eleven  of the vehicle and traffic law, as the case may
be, and authorizing the person in charge of the bureau to  make  such  a
plea  or  admission  and  pay  such  a  fine in court. Acceptance of the
prescribed fine and power of attorney by  the  bureau  shall  be  deemed
complete  satisfaction  for  the  violation or of the liability, and the
violator or owner liable for a violation of subdivision (d)  of  section
eleven  hundred  eleven  of the vehicle and traffic law shall be given a
receipt which so states. If a person charged with  a  traffic  violation
does  not  answer  as hereinbefore prescribed, within a designated time,
the bureau shall cause a complaint to be  entered  against  him  or  her
forthwith  and  a warrant to be issued for his or her arrest and appear-
ance before the court. Any  person  who  shall  have  been,  within  the
preceding  twelve  months,  guilty  of a number of parking violations in
excess of such maximum number as may be designated by the court,  or  of
three  or  more  violations  other than parking violations, shall not be
permitted to appear and answer to a subsequent violation at the  traffic
violations  bureau,  but must appear in court at a time specified by the
bureau. Such traffic  violations  bureau  shall  not  be  authorized  to
deprive a person of his or her right to counsel or to prevent him or her
from  exercising  his  or  her  right  to  appear in court to answer to,
explain, or defend any charge of a violation of any traffic  law,  ordi-
nance, rule or regulation.
  S  12-c. Section 371 of the general municipal law, as amended by chap-
ter 802 of the laws of 1949, is amended to read as follows:
  S 371. Jurisdiction and procedure.  A  traffic  violations  bureau  so
established  may be authorized to dispose of violations of traffic laws,
ordinances, rules and regulations when such offenses shall  not  consti-
tute  the traffic infraction known as speeding or a misdemeanor or felo-
ny, AND, IF AUTHORIZED BY LOCAL LAW  OR  ORDINANCE,  TO  ADJUDICATE  THE
LIABILITY  OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN
HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION
ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, by permitting  a
person  charged with an offense within the limitations herein stated, to
answer, within a specified  time,  at  the  traffic  violations  bureau,
either  in person or by written power of attorney in such form as may be
prescribed in the ordinance creating the bureau, by paying a  prescribed

S. 5688                            39

fine and, in writing, waiving a hearing in court, pleading guilty to the
charge  OR  ADMITTING LIABILITY AS AN OWNER FOR VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION
(D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW,  AS
THE  CASE  MAY BE, and authorizing the person in charge of the bureau to
make such a plea OR ADMISSION and pay such a fine in court.   Acceptance
of  the  prescribed  fine  and  power of attorney by the bureau shall be
deemed complete satisfaction for the violation OR OF THE LIABILITY,  and
the  violator  OR  OWNER  LIABLE  FOR  A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (D) OF
SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC  LAW  shall  be
given  a  receipt  which  so  states. If a person charged with a traffic
violation does not answer as hereinbefore prescribed,  within  a  desig-
nated time, the bureau shall cause a complaint to be entered against him
OR  HER  forthwith  and a warrant to be issued for his OR HER arrest and
appearance before the court. Any person who shall have been, within  the
preceding  twelve  months,  guilty  of a number of parking violations in
excess of such maximum number as may be designated by the court,  or  of
three  or  more  violations  other than parking violations, shall not be
permitted to appear and answer to a subsequent violation at the  traffic
violations  bureau,  but must appear in court at a time specified by the
bureau. Such traffic  violations  bureau  shall  not  be  authorized  to
deprive a person of his OR HER right to counsel or to prevent him OR HER
from  exercising  his  OR  HER  right  to  appear in court to answer to,
explain, or defend any charge of a violation of any traffic  law,  ordi-
nance, rule or regulation.
  S  13.  Subdivision  2  of  section  87  of the public officers law is
amended by adding a new paragraph (o) to read as follows:
  (O) ARE PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS,  VIDEOTAPE  OR  OTHER  RECORDED
IMAGES  PREPARED  UNDER  AUTHORITY OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED ELEVEN-E OF
THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW.
  S 14. The purchase or lease of equipment for a  demonstration  program
established  pursuant  to  section 1111-e of the vehicle and traffic law
shall be subject to the provisions of section 103 of the general munici-
pal law.
  S 15. This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after  it  shall
have  become  a  law  and shall expire 5 years after such effective date
when upon such date the provisions of this act shall be deemed repealed;
and provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation  of
this  act  on  its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such
effective date, provided that:
  (a) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle  and
traffic law made by section one of this act shall not affect the expira-
tion  of  such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
upon such date the provisions of section one-a of this  act  shall  take
effect;
  (b)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
by section one-a of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
provisions of section one-b of this act shall take effect;
  (c)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
by section one-b of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
provisions of section one-c of this act shall take effect;
  (d)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
by section one-c of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
provisions of section one-d of this act shall take effect;

S. 5688                            40

  (e)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
by section one-d of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
provisions of section one-e of this act shall take effect;
  (f)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
by section one-e of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
provisions of section one-f of this act shall take effect;
  (g)  the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and
traffic law made by section two of this act shall not affect the expira-
tion of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,  when
upon  such  date  the provisions of section two-a of this act shall take
effect;
  (h) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle  and
traffic law made by section two-a of this act shall not affect the expi-
ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
upon  such  date  the provisions of section two-b of this act shall take
effect;
  (i) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle  and
traffic law made by section two-b of this act shall not affect the expi-
ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
upon  such  date  the provisions of section two-c of this act shall take
effect;
  (j) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle  and
traffic law made by section two-c of this act shall not affect the expi-
ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
upon  such  date  the provisions of section two-d of this act shall take
effect;
  (k) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle  and
traffic law made by section two-d of this act shall not affect the expi-
ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
upon  such  date  the provisions of section two-e of this act shall take
effect;
  (l) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section  239  of
the  vehicle  and traffic law made by section four of this act shall not
affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be  deemed  to  expire
therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section four-a of this
act shall take effect;
  (m) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section  239  of
the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-a of this act shall not
affect  the  expiration  of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire
therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section four-b of  this
act shall take effect;
  (n)  the  amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of
the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-b of this act shall not
affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be  deemed  to  expire
therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section four-c of this
act shall take effect;
  (o) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section  239  of
the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-c of this act shall not
affect  the  expiration  of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire
therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section four-d of  this
act shall take effect;
  (p)  the  amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of
the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-d of this act shall not
affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be  deemed  to  expire

S. 5688                            41

therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section four-e of this
act shall take effect;
  (q)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the
vehicle and traffic law made by section  five  of  this  act  shall  not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section five-a of this
act shall take effect;
  (r) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of  section  240  of  the
vehicle  and  traffic  law  made by section five-a of this act shall not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section five-b of  this
act shall take effect;
  (s)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the
vehicle and traffic law made by section five-b of  this  act  shall  not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section five-c of this
act shall take effect;
  (t) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of  section  240  of  the
vehicle  and  traffic  law  made by section five-c of this act shall not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section five-d of  this
act shall take effect;
  (u)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the
vehicle and traffic law made by section five-d of  this  act  shall  not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section five-e of this
act shall take effect;
  (v) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2  of  section
240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section six of this act shall
not  affect  the  expiration  of  such paragraphs and shall be deemed to
expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-a of
this act shall take effect;
  (w) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2  of  section
240  of  the  vehicle  and traffic law made by section six-a of this act
shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall  be  deemed
to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-b
of this act shall take effect;
  (x)  the  amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section
240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section  six-b  of  this  act
shall  not  affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed
to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-c
of this act shall take effect;
  (y) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2  of  section
240  of  the  vehicle  and traffic law made by section six-c of this act
shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall  be  deemed
to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-d
of this act shall take effect;
  (z)  the  amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section
240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section  six-d  of  this  act
shall  not  affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed
to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-e
of this act shall take effect;
  (aa) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2  of  section  241  of  the
vehicle  and  traffic  law  made  by section seven of this act shall not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire

S. 5688                            42

therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-a of this
act shall take effect;
  (bb)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the
vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-a of this  act  shall  not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-b of this
act shall take effect;
  (cc)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the
vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-b of this  act  shall  not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-c of this
act shall take effect;
  (dd)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the
vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-c of this  act  shall  not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-d of this
act shall take effect;
  (ee)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the
vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-d of this  act  shall  not
affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-e of this
act shall take effect;
  (ff)  the amendments to subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision
5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section  eight
of  this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall
be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such  date  the  provisions  of
section eight-a of this act shall take effect;
  (gg)  the  amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401
of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-a of this act shall
not affect the expiration of such  paragraph  and  shall  be  deemed  to
expire  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eight-b
of this act shall take effect;
  (hh) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of  section  401
of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-b of this act shall
not  affect  the  expiration  of  such  paragraph and shall be deemed to
expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section  eight-c
of this act shall take effect;
  (ii)  the  amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401
of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-c of this act shall
not affect the expiration of such  paragraph  and  shall  be  deemed  to
expire  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eight-d
of this act shall take effect;
  (jj) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of  section  401
of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-d of this act shall
not  affect  the  expiration  of  such  paragraph and shall be deemed to
expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section  eight-e
of this act shall take effect;
  (kk)  the  amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401
of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-e of this act shall
not affect the expiration of such  paragraph  and  shall  be  deemed  to
expire  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eight-f
of this act shall take effect;
  (ll) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809  of  the  vehicle
and  traffic  law  made  by section ten of this act shall not affect the
expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,

S. 5688                            43

when  upon  such  date the provisions of section ten-a of this act shall
take effect;
  (mm)  the  amendments  to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle
and traffic law made by section ten-a of this act shall not  affect  the
expiration  of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith,
when upon such date the provisions of section ten-b of  this  act  shall
take effect;
  (nn)  the  amendments  to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle
and traffic law made by section ten-b of this act shall not  affect  the
expiration  of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith,
when upon such date the provisions of section ten-c of  this  act  shall
take effect;
  (oo)  the  amendments  to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle
and traffic law made by section ten-c of this act shall not  affect  the
expiration  of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith,
when upon such date the provisions of section ten-d of  this  act  shall
take effect;
  (pp)  the  amendments  to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle
and traffic law made by section ten-d of this act shall not  affect  the
expiration  of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith,
when upon such date the provisions of section ten-e of  this  act  shall
take effect;
  (qq)  the  amendments  to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle
and traffic law made by section ten-e of this act shall not  affect  the
expiration  of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith,
when upon such date the provisions of section ten-f of  this  act  shall
take effect;
  (rr)  the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e
of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eleven of this act  shall
not  affect  the  expiration  of  such  paragraph and shall be deemed to
expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-a
of this act shall take effect;
  (ss) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section  1809-e
of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law made by section eleven-a of this act
shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-b
of this act shall take effect;
  (tt) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section  1809-e
of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law made by section eleven-b of this act
shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-c
of this act shall take effect;
  (uu) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section  1809-e
of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law made by section eleven-c of this act
shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-d
of this act shall take effect;
  (vv) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section  1809-e
of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law made by section eleven-d of this act
shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-e
of this act shall take effect;
  (ww) the amendments made to subdivision 1 of section 371 of the gener-
al municipal law made by section twelve of this act shall not affect the
expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,

S. 5688                            44

when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-a of this act shall
take effect;
  (xx)  the  amendments made to section 371 of the general municipal law
by section twelve-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of  such
section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
provisions of section twelve-b of this act shall take effect; and
  (yy)  the  amendments made to section 371 of the general municipal law
by section twelve-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of  such
section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
provisions of section twelve-c of this act shall take effect.