A. 7013 2
persistently [failing] STRUGGLING each of the schools that have been
identified under the state's accountability system to be among the
lowest achieving public schools in the state for ten consecutive school
years, based upon identification of the school by the commissioner as: a
"priority school" for each applicable year from the two thousand twelve-
-two thousand thirteen school year to the current school year, or iden-
tified as a "priority school" in each applicable year of such period
except one year in which the school was not identified because of an
approved closure plan that was not implemented; and as a "School Requir-
ing Academic Progress Year 5", "School Requiring Academic Progress Year
6", "School Requiring Academic Progress Year 7" and/or a "School in
Restructuring," for each applicable year from the two thousand six--two
thousand seven school year to the two thousand eleven--two thousand
twelve school year. This designation shall not include schools within a
special act school district as defined in subdivision eight of section
four thousand one of this chapter or schools chartered pursuant to arti-
cle fifty-six of this chapter.
(c) Specific provisions. (i) For schools designated as persistently
[failing] STRUGGLING pursuant to paragraph (b) of this subdivision, the
local district shall continue to operate the school for an additional
school year provided that there is a department-approved intervention
model or comprehensive education plan in place that includes rigorous
performance metrics and goals, including but not limited to measures of
student academic achievement and outcomes including those set forth in
subdivision six of this section. Notwithstanding any other provision of
law, rule or regulation to the contrary, the superintendent shall be
vested with all powers granted to a receiver appointed pursuant to this
section for such time period; provided, however that such superintendent
shall not be allowed to override any decision of the board of education
with respect to his or her employment status. At the end of such year,
the department shall conduct a performance review in consultation and
cooperation with the district and school staff to determine, based on
the performance metrics in the school's model or plan, whether (1) the
designation of persistently [failing] STRUGGLING should be removed; (2)
the school should remain under continued school district operation with
the superintendent vested with the powers of a receiver; or (3) the
school should be placed into receivership; provided, however, that a
school that makes demonstrable improvement based on the performance
metrics and goals herein shall remain under district operation for an
additional school year and if such school remains under district opera-
tion, it shall continue to be subject to annual review by the depart-
ment, in consultation and cooperation with the district, under the same
terms and conditions.
(ii) For schools designated as [failing] STRUGGLING, but not persis-
tently [failing] STRUGGLING, the local district shall continue to oper-
ate the school for two additional school years provided that there is a
department-approved intervention model or comprehensive education plan
in place that includes rigorous performance metrics and goals, including
but not limited to measures of student academic achievement and outcomes
including those set forth in subdivision six of this section. Notwith-
standing any other provision of law, rule or regulation to the contrary,
the superintendent shall be vested with all powers granted to a receiver
appointed pursuant to this section; provided, however that such super-
intendent shall not be allowed to override any decision of the board of
education with respect to his or her employment status. At the end of
such two years, the department shall conduct a school performance review
A. 7013 3
in consultation and cooperation with the district and school staff to
determine, based on the performance metrics in the school's model or
plan, whether (1) the designation of [failing] STRUGGLING should be
removed; (2) the school should remain under continued school district
operation with the superintendent vested with the powers of a receiver;
or (3) the school should be placed into receivership; provided, however,
that a school that makes demonstrable improvement based on the perform-
ance metrics and goals herein shall remain under district operation for
an additional school year and if such school remains under district
operation, it shall continue to be subject to such annual review by the
department under the same terms and conditions. For schools newly
designated as [failing] STRUGGLING after the two thousand sixteen--two
thousand seventeen school year, the school shall be immediately eligible
for receivership upon such designation.
(iii) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to limit (1) a
school district's ability to modify, subject to approval by the depart-
ment, such department approved intervention model or comprehensive
education plan, or (2) the commissioner's ability to require a school
district to modify such department approved intervention model or
comprehensive education plan and require his or her approval of such
modifications.
(iv) The district shall provide notice to parents and guardians of the
students of the school which may be placed into receivership pursuant to
this subdivision and provided further that the district or the commis-
sioner shall hold a public meeting or hearing for purposes of discussing
the performance of the school and the construct of receivership.
1-a. Community engagement team. Upon designation as [failing] STRUGGL-
ING or persistently [failing] STRUGGLING pursuant to subdivision one of
this section, the district shall establish a community engagement team
which shall include community stakeholders, including but not limited to
the school principal, parents and guardians, teachers and other school
staff and students. Membership of such team may be modified at any time.
Such team shall develop recommendations for improvement of the school
and shall solicit input through public engagement. The team shall pres-
ent its recommendations periodically to the school leadership and, as
applicable, the receiver.
2. Appointment of a receiver. (a) Upon a determination by the commis-
sioner that a school shall be placed into receivership, the applicable
school district shall appoint an independent receiver, subject to the
approval of the commissioner, to manage and operate all aspects of the
school and to develop and implement a school intervention plan for the
school that shall consider the recommendations developed by the communi-
ty engagement team when creating such plan. The independent receiver may
be a non-profit entity, another school district, or an individual. If
the school district fails to appoint an independent receiver that meets
with the commissioner's approval within sixty days of such determi-
nation, the commissioner shall appoint the receiver.
(b) The receiver shall be authorized to manage and operate the [fail-
ing] STRUGGLING or persistently [failing] STRUGGLING school and shall
have the power to supersede any decision, policy or regulation of the
superintendent of schools or chief school officer, or of the board of
education or another school officer or the building principal that in
the sole judgment of the receiver conflicts with the school intervention
plan; provided however that the receiver may not supersede decisions
that are not directly linked to the school intervention plan, including
but not limited to building usage plans, co-location decisions and
A. 7013 4
transportation of students. The receiver shall have authority to review
proposed school district budgets prior to presentation to the district
voters, or in the case of a city school district in a city having a
population of one hundred twenty-five thousand or more, of the adoption
of a contingency budget, prior to approval by the board of education,
and to modify the proposed budget to conform to the school intervention
plan provided that such modifications shall be limited in scope and
effect to the [failing] STRUGGLING or persistently [failing] STRUGGLING
school and may not unduly impact other schools in the district. A school
under receivership shall operate in accordance with laws regulating
other public schools, except as such provisions may conflict with this
section.
(c) The commissioner shall contract with the receiver, and the compen-
sation and other costs of the receiver appointed by the commissioner
shall be paid from a state appropriation for such purpose, or by the
school district, as determined by the commissioner, provided that costs
shall be paid by the school district only if there is an open adminis-
trative staffing line available for the receiver, and the receiver will
be taking on the responsibilities of such open line. Notwithstanding any
other provision of law to the contrary, the receiver and any of its
employees providing services in the receivership shall be entitled to
defense and indemnification by the school district to the same extent as
a school district employee. The receiver's contract may be terminated by
the commissioner for a violation of law or the commissioner's regu-
lations or for neglect of duty. A receiver appointed to operate a
district under this section shall have full managerial and operational
control over such school; provided, however, that the board of education
shall remain the employer of record, and provided further that any
employment decisions of the board of education may be superseded by the
receiver. It shall be the duty of the board of education and the super-
intendent of schools to fully cooperate with the receiver and willful
failure to cooperate or interference with the functions of the receiver
shall constitute willful neglect of duty for purposes of section three
hundred six of this title. The receiver or the receiver's designee shall
be an ex officio non-voting member of the board of education entitled to
attend all meetings of the board of education.
3. Before developing the school intervention plan, the receiver shall
consult with local stakeholders such as: (a) the board of education; (b)
the superintendent of schools; (c) the building principal; (d) teachers
assigned to the school and their collective bargaining representative;
(e) school administrators assigned to the school and their collective
bargaining representative; (f) parents and guardians of students attend-
ing the school or their representatives; (g) representatives of applica-
ble state and local social service, health and mental health agencies;
(h) as appropriate, representatives of local career education providers,
state and local workforce development agencies and the local business
community; (i) for elementary schools, representatives of local [prekin-
dergarten] PRE-KINDERGARTEN programs; (j) students attending the school
as appropriate; (k) as needed for middle schools, junior high schools,
central schools or high schools, representatives of local higher educa-
tion institutions; and (l) the school stakeholder team set forth in
subdivision one-a of this section.
4. In creating the school intervention plan, the receiver shall (i)
consider the recommendations developed by the community engagement team
set forth in subdivision one-a of this section; (ii) include provisions
intended to maximize the rapid academic achievement of students at the
A. 7013 5
school; and (iii) ensure that the plan addresses school leadership and
capacity, school leader practices and decisions, curriculum development
and support, teacher practices and decisions, student social and
emotional developmental health, and family and community engagement. The
receiver shall, to the extent practicable, base the plan on the findings
of any recent diagnostic review or assessment of the school that has
been conducted and, as applied to the school, student outcome data
including, but not limited to: (a) student achievement growth data based
on state measures; (b) other measures of student achievement; (c)
student promotion and graduation rates; (d) achievement and growth data
for the subgroups of students used in the state's accountability system;
(e) student attendance; and (f) long-term and short-term suspension
rates.
5. (a) The receiver shall include the following in the school inter-
vention plan: (i) measures to address social service, health and mental
health needs of students in the school and their families in order to
help students arrive and remain at school ready to learn; provided that
this may include mental health and substance abuse screening; (ii) meas-
ures to improve or expand access to child welfare services and, as
appropriate, services in the school community to promote a safe and
secure learning environment; (iii) as applicable, measures to provide
greater access to career and technical education and workforce develop-
ment services provided to students in the school and their families in
order to provide students and families with meaningful employment skills
and opportunities; (iv) measures to address achievement gaps for English
language learners, students with disabilities and economically disadvan-
taged students, as applicable; (v) measures to address school climate
and positive behavior support, including mentoring and other youth
development programs; and (vi) a budget for the school intervention
plan.
(b) As necessary, the commissioner and the commissioners of the
department of health, the office of children and family services, the
department of labor and other applicable state and local social service,
health, mental health and child welfare officials shall coordinate
regarding the implementation of the measures described in subparagraphs
(i) through (iii) of paragraph (a) of this subdivision that are included
in the school intervention plan and shall, subject to appropriation,
reasonably support such implementation consistent with the requirements
of state and federal law applicable to the relevant programs that each
such official is responsible for administering, and grant [failing]
STRUGGLING schools priority in competitive grants, as allowable before
and during the period of receivership.
6. In order to assess the school across multiple measures of school
performance and student success, the school intervention plan shall
include measurable annual goals including, but not limited to, the
following: (a) student attendance; (b) student discipline including but
not limited to short-term and long-term suspension rates; (c) student
safety; (d) student promotion and graduation and drop-out rates; (e)
student achievement and growth on state measures; (f) progress in areas
of academic underperformance; (g) progress among the subgroups of
students used in the state's accountability system; (h) reduction of
achievement gaps among specific groups of students; (i) development of
college and career readiness, including at the elementary and middle
school levels; (j) parent and family engagement; (k) building a culture
of academic success among students; (l) building a culture of student
support and success among faculty and staff; (m) using developmentally
A. 7013 6
appropriate child assessments from pre-kindergarten through third grade,
if applicable, that are tailored to the needs of the school; and (n)
measures of student learning.
7. (a) Notwithstanding any general or special law to the contrary, in
creating and implementing the school intervention plan, the receiver
shall, after consulting with stakeholders and the community engagement
team, convert schools to community schools to provide expanded health,
mental health and other services to the students and their families.
In addition, the receiver may: (i) review and if necessary expand, alter
or replace the curriculum and program offerings of the school, including
the implementation of research-based early literacy programs, early
interventions for struggling readers and the teaching of advanced place-
ment courses or other rigorous nationally or internationally recognized
courses, if the school does not already have such programs or courses;
(ii) replace teachers and administrators, including school leadership
who are not appropriately certified or licensed; (iii) increase salaries
of current or prospective teachers and administrators to attract and
retain high-performing teachers and administrators; (iv) establish steps
to improve hiring, induction, teacher evaluation, professional develop-
ment, teacher advancement, school culture and organizational structure;
(v) reallocate the uses of the existing budget of the school; (vi)
expand the school day or school year or both of the school; (vii) for a
school that offers the first grade, add pre-kindergarten and full-day
kindergarten classes, if the school does not already have such classes;
(viii) in accordance with paragraphs (b) and (c) of this subdivision, to
abolish the positions of all members of the teaching and administrative
and supervisory staff assigned to the [failing] STRUGGLING or persis-
tently [failing] STRUGGLING school and terminate the employment of any
building principal assigned to such a school, and require such staff
members to reapply for their positions in the school if they so choose;
(ix) include a provision of a job-embedded professional development for
teachers at the school, with an emphasis on strategies that involve
teacher input and feedback; (x) establish a plan for professional devel-
opment for administrators at the school, with an emphasis on strategies
that develop leadership skills and use the principles of distributive
leadership; and/or (xi) order the conversion of a school in receivership
that has been designated as [failing] STRUGGLING or persistently [fail-
ing] STRUGGLING pursuant to this section into a charter school, provided
that such conversion shall be subject to article fifty-six of this chap-
ter and provided further that such charter conversion school shall oper-
ate pursuant to such article and provided further that such charter
conversion school shall operate consistent with a community schools
model and provided further that such conversion charter school shall be
subject to the provisions in subdivisions three, four, five, six, nine,
ten, eleven, twelve and thirteen of this section.
(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, rule or regulation to
the contrary, upon designation of any school of the school district as a
[failing] STRUGGLING or persistently [failing] STRUGGLING school pursu-
ant to this section, the abolition of positions of members of the teach-
ing and administrative and supervisory staff of the school shall there-
after be governed by the applicable provisions of section twenty-five
hundred ten, twenty-five hundred eighty-five, twenty-five hundred eight-
y-eight or three thousand thirteen of this chapter as modified by this
paragraph. A classroom teacher or building principal who has received
two or more composite ratings of ineffective on an annual professional
performance review shall be deemed not to have rendered faithful and
A. 7013 7
competent service within the meaning of section twenty-five hundred ten,
twenty-five hundred eighty-five, twenty-five hundred eighty-eight or
three thousand thirteen of this chapter. When a position of a classroom
teacher or building principal is abolished, the services of the teacher
or administrator or supervisor within the tenure area of the position
with the lowest rating on the most recent annual professional perform-
ance review shall be discontinued, provided that seniority within the
tenure area of the position shall be used solely to determine which
position should be discontinued in the event of a tie.
(c) The receiver may abolish the positions of all teachers and peda-
gogical support staff, administrators and pupil personnel service
providers assigned to a school designated as [failing] STRUGGLING or
persistently [failing] STRUGGLING pursuant to this section and require
such staff members to reapply for new positions if they so choose. The
receiver shall define new positions for the school aligned with the
school intervention plan, including selection criteria and expected
duties and responsibilities for each position. For administrators and
pupil personnel service providers, the receiver shall have full
discretion over all such rehiring decisions. For teachers and pedagog-
ical support staff, the receiver shall convene a staffing committee
including the receiver, two appointees of the receiver and two appoint-
ees selected by the school staff or their collective bargaining unit.
The staffing committee will determine whether former school staff reap-
plying for positions are qualified for the new positions. The receiver
shall have full discretion regarding hiring decisions but must fill at
least fifty percent of the newly defined positions with the most senior
former school staff who are determined by the staffing committee to be
qualified. Any remaining vacancies shall be filled by the receiver in
consultation with the staffing committee. Notwithstanding any other
provision of law to the contrary, a member of the teaching and pedagog-
ical support, administrative, or pupil personnel service staff who is
not rehired pursuant to this paragraph shall not have any right to bump
or displace any other person employed by the district, but shall be
placed on a preferred eligibility list in accordance with the applicable
provisions of section twenty-five hundred ten, twenty-five hundred
eighty-five, twenty-five hundred eighty-eight or three thousand thirteen
of this chapter. Teachers rehired pursuant to this paragraph shall main-
tain their prior status as tenured or probationary, and a probationary
teacher's probation period shall not be changed.
(d) For a school with English language learners, the professional
development and planning time for teachers and administrators identified
in clauses (vi) and (vii) of the closing paragraph of paragraph (a) of
this subdivision, shall include specific strategies and content designed
to maximize the rapid academic achievement of the English language lear-
ners.
8. (a) In order to maximize the rapid achievement of students at the
applicable school, the receiver may request that the collective bargain-
ing unit or units representing teachers and administrators and the
receiver, on behalf of the board of education, negotiate a receivership
agreement that modifies the applicable collective bargaining agreement
or agreements with respect to any [failing] STRUGGLING schools in
receivership applicable during the period of receivership. The receiv-
ership agreement may address the following subjects: the length of the
school day; the length of the school year; professional development for
teachers and administrators; class size; and changes to the programs,
assignments, and teaching conditions in the school in receivership. The
A. 7013 8
receivership agreement shall not provide for any reduction in compen-
sation unless there shall also be a proportionate reduction in hours and
shall provide for a proportionate increase in compensation where the
length of the school day or school year is extended. The receivership
agreement shall not alter the remaining terms of the existing/underlying
collective bargaining agreement which shall remain in effect.
(b) The bargaining shall be conducted between the receiver and the
collective bargaining unit in good faith and completed not later than
thirty days from the point at which the receiver requested that the
bargaining commence. The agreement shall be subject to ratification
within ten business days by the bargaining unit members in the school.
If the parties are unable to reach an agreement within thirty days or if
the agreement is not ratified within ten business days by the bargaining
unit members of the school, the parties shall submit any remaining unre-
solved issues to the commissioner who shall resolve any unresolved
issues within five days, in accordance with standard collective bargain-
ing principles.
(c) For purposes only for schools designated as [failing] STRUGGLING
pursuant to subparagraph (ii) of paragraph (c) of subdivision one of
this section, bargaining shall be conducted between the receiver and the
collective bargaining unit in good faith and completed not later than
thirty days from the point at which the receiver requested that the
bargaining commence. The agreement shall be subject to ratification
within ten business days by the bargaining unit members of the school.
If the parties are unable to reach an agreement within thirty days or if
the agreement is not ratified within ten business days by the bargaining
unit members of the school, a conciliator shall be selected through the
American Arbitration Association, who shall forthwith forward to the
parties a list of three conciliators, each of whom shall have profes-
sional experience in elementary and secondary education, from which the
parties may agree upon a single conciliator provided, however, that if
the parties cannot select a conciliator from among the three within
three business days, the American Arbitration Association shall select a
conciliator from the list of names within one business day, and the
conciliator shall resolve all outstanding issues within five days. After
such five days, if any unresolved issues remain, the parties shall
submit such issues to the commissioner who shall resolve such issues
within five days, in accordance with standard collective bargaining
principles.
9. A final school intervention plan shall be submitted to the commis-
sioner for approval and, upon approval, shall be issued by the receiver
within six months of the receiver's appointment. A copy of such plan
shall be provided to the board of education, the superintendent of
schools and the collective bargaining representatives of teachers and
administrators of the school district. The plan shall be publicly avail-
able and shall be posted on the department's website and the school
district's website, and the school district shall provide notice to
parents of such school intervention plan and its availability.
10. Each school intervention plan shall be authorized for a period of
not more than three years. The receiver may develop additional compo-
nents of the plan and shall develop annual goals for each component of
the plan in a manner consistent with this section, all of which must be
approved by the commissioner. The receiver shall be responsible for
meeting the goals of the school intervention plan.
11. The receiver shall provide a written report to the board of educa-
tion, the commissioner, and the board of regents on a quarterly basis to
A. 7013 9
provide specific information about the progress being made on the imple-
mentation of the school intervention plan. One of the quarterly reports
shall be the annual evaluation of the intervention plan under subdivi-
sion twelve of this section.
12. (a) The commissioner shall, in consultation and cooperation with
the district and the school staff, evaluate each school with an
appointed receiver at least annually. The purpose of the evaluation
shall be to determine whether the school has met the annual goals in its
school intervention plan and to assess the implementation of the plan at
the school. The evaluation shall be in writing and shall be submitted to
the superintendent and the board of education not later than September
first for the preceding school year. The evaluation shall be submitted
in a format determined by the commissioner.
(b) If the commissioner determines that the school has met the annual
performance goals stated in the school intervention plan, the evaluation
shall be considered sufficient and the implementation of the school
intervention plan shall continue. If the commissioner determines that
the school has not met one or more goals in the plan, the commissioner
may require modification of the plan.
13. Upon the expiration of a school intervention plan for a school
with an appointed receiver, the commissioner, in consultation and coop-
eration with the district, shall conduct an evaluation of the school to
determine whether the school has improved sufficiently, requires further
improvement or has failed to improve. On the basis of such review, the
commissioner, in consultation and cooperation with the district, may:
(a) renew the plan with the receiver for an additional period of not
more than three years; (b) if the [failing] STRUGGLING or persistently
[failing] STRUGGLING school remains [failing] STRUGGLING and the terms
of the plan have not been substantially met, terminate the contract with
the receiver and appoint a new receiver; or (c) determine that the
school has improved sufficiently for the designation of [failing] STRUG-
GLING or persistently [failing] STRUGGLING to be removed.
14. Nothing in this section shall prohibit the commissioner or a local
district from closing a school pursuant to the regulations of the
commissioner.
15. The commissioner shall be authorized to adopt regulations to carry
out the provisions of this section.
16. The commissioner shall report annually to the governor and the
legislature on the implementation and fiscal impact of this section. The
report shall include, but not be limited to, a list of all schools
currently designated as [failing] STRUGGLING or persistently [failing]
STRUGGLING and the strategies used in each of the schools to maximize
the rapid academic achievement of students.
17. The commissioner shall provide any relevant data that is needed to
implement and comply with the requirements of the chapter of the laws of
two thousand fifteen which added this section to any school district
that has a school or schools designated as [failing] STRUGGLING or
persistently [failing] STRUGGLING pursuant to this section by August
fifteenth of each year, to the fullest extent practicable. Provided
that the commissioner shall provide guidance to districts and may estab-
lish a model intervention plan. And provided further, that the commis-
sioner shall make available to the public any school intervention plan,
or other department-approved intervention model or comprehensive educa-
tion plan of a school or district provided that such measures are
consistent with all federal and state privacy laws.
S 2. This act shall take effect immediately.