Assembly Actions -
Lowercase Senate Actions - UPPERCASE |
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Jun 18, 2018 |
ordered to third reading rules cal.293 rules report cal.293 reported reported referred to rules reported referred to ways and means |
Jun 13, 2018 |
referred to codes |
Assembly Bill A11189
2017-2018 Legislative Session
Authorizes the installation and use of photo monitoring devices on school buses to detect and record vehicles illegally passing or overtaking a school bus
download bill text pdfSponsored By
HEASTIE
Archive: Last Bill Status - On Floor Calendar
- Introduced
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- In Committee Assembly
- In Committee Senate
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- On Floor Calendar Assembly
- On Floor Calendar Senate
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- Passed Assembly
- Passed Senate
- Delivered to Governor
- Signed By Governor
Actions
co-Sponsors
Deborah Glick
William Magnarelli
Crystal Peoples-Stokes
John T. McDonald III
2017-A11189 (ACTIVE) - Details
- See Senate Version of this Bill:
- S9031
- Law Section:
- Education Law
- Laws Affected:
- Amd §§1604 & 1709, Ed L; amd V & T L, generally; amd §12, Chap 43 of 2014; amd §15, Chap 189 of 2013; amd §87, Pub Off L
2017-A11189 (ACTIVE) - Summary
Requires a resolution by the board of trustees of a school district to authorize the installation, administration, operation, notice processing and maintenance of and use of photo monitoring devices on school buses to detect and record vehicles illegally passing or overtaking a school bus; provides for owner liability of a motor vehicle detected by a camera to have illegally passed or overtaken a school bus; provides that liability shall be a monetary penalty in the amount of two hundred fifty dollars; relates to photo speed violation monitoring systems in school zones in the city of New York
2017-A11189 (ACTIVE) - Bill Text download pdf
S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K ________________________________________________________________________ 11189 I N A S S E M B L Y June 13, 2018 ___________ Introduced by COMMITTEE ON RULES -- (at request of M. of A. Heastie, Glick, Magnarelli, Peoples-Stokes) -- read once and referred to the Committee on Codes AN ACT to amend the education law and the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to authorizing the installation and use of safety cameras on school buses for the purpose of monitoring overtaking and passing of school bus violations; to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to photo speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York; to amend chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, amending the vehicle and traffic law, the public officers law and the general municipal law relating to photo speed violation moni- toring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York, in relation to making technical corrections thereto; to amend chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, amending the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law relating to establishing in a city with a popu- lation of one million or more a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices, in relation to the effectiveness thereof; to amend the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law, in relation to establishing in the city of Buffalo a demonstration program implement- ing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices; and providing for the repeal of certain provisions upon expiration thereof THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM- BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. Legislative findings and intent. The transportation of school children to and from school is an important component of the state's obligation to ensure adequate support of a public school system for the education of all children of the State. Safely transporting students to and from school is necessary to afford all children of the State an education. School bus cameras and speed cameras in school zones contribute to students' safety and reduce unnecessary dangers students face when travelling to school. Furthermore, high population cities in New York have more students living in close proximity to the EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted. LBD16291-02-8 A. 11189 2 students' schools, so the use of photo enforcement to deter motorists from passing stopped school buses and speeding in school zones helps to ensure that students are less at risk when walking or riding to and from school. Therefore, the legislature finds and declares that it is a substantial state concern, with an impact well beyond a single munici- pality, to ensure safe access to schools through the use of photo enforcement as provided in this act. § 2. Section 1604 of the education law is amended by adding a new subdivision 43 to read as follows: 43. TO PASS, IN THE DISCRETION OF THE TRUSTEES, A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZ- ING THE USE OF SCHOOL BUS CAMERAS PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTEEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, PROVIDED THAT THE TRUSTEES MAY ALSO ENTER INTO CONTRACTS WITH A THIRD PARTY FOR THE INSTALLATION, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATION, NOTICE PROCESSING, AND MAINTENANCE OF SUCH CAMERAS, AND FOR THE SHARING OF REVENUE DERIVED FROM SUCH CAMERAS PURSU- ANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTEEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, PROVIDED THAT THE PURCHASE, LEASE, INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND MAINTE- NANCE, OR ANY OTHER COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH CAMERAS SHALL NOT BE CONSIDERED AN AIDABLE EXPENSE PURSUANT TO SECTION THIRTY-SIX HUNDRED TWENTY-THREE-A OF THIS CHAPTER. § 3. Section 1709 of the education law is amended by adding a new subdivision 43 to read as follows: 43. TO PASS A RESOLUTION, IN THE DISCRETION OF THE BOARD, AUTHORIZING THE USE OF SCHOOL BUS CAMERAS PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGH- TEEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, PROVIDED THAT THE BOARD MAY ALSO ENTER INTO CONTRACTS WITH A THIRD PARTY FOR THE INSTALLATION, ADMINIS- TRATION, OPERATION, NOTICE PROCESSING, AND MAINTENANCE OF SUCH CAMERAS, AND FOR THE SHARING OF REVENUE DERIVED FROM SUCH CAMERAS PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTEEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, PROVIDED THAT THE PURCHASE, LEASE, INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE, OR ANY OTHER COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH CAMERAS SHALL NOT BE CONSIDERED AN AIDABLE EXPENSE PURSUANT TO SECTION THIRTY-SIX HUNDRED TWENTY-THREE-A OF THIS CHAPTER. § 4. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 1118 to read as follows: § 1118. OWNER LIABILITY FOR OPERATOR ILLEGALLY OVERTAKING OR PASSING A SCHOOL BUS. (A) 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, EACH BOARD OF EDUCATION OR TRUSTEES OF A SCHOOL DISTRICT IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED AND EMPOWERED TO ADOPT AND AMEND A RESOLUTION ESTABLISHING A SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA PROGRAM IMPOSING MONETARY LIABILITY ON THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE FOR FAILURE OF AN OPERATOR THEREOF TO COMPLY WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. SUCH PROGRAM SHALL EMPOWER A BOARD OF EDUCATION OR SCHOOL DISTRICT OR SCHOOL BUS TRANSPORTATION CONTRACTOR THAT HAS CONTRACTED WITH SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT TO INSTALL SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS UPON SCHOOL BUSES OPERATED BY OR CONTRACTED WITH SUCH DISTRICT. 2. SUCH PROGRAM SHALL UTILIZE NECESSARY TECHNOLOGIES TO ENSURE, TO THE EXTENT PRACTICABLE, THAT PHOTOGRAPHS PRODUCED BY SUCH SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS SHALL NOT INCLUDE IMAGES THAT IDENTIFY THE DRIVER, THE PASSEN- GERS, OR THE CONTENTS OF THE VEHICLE. PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT NO NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE DISMISSED SOLELY BECAUSE A PHOTOGRAPH OR PHOTOGRAPHS ALLOW FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE CONTENTS OF A VEHICLE, PROVIDED THAT SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT HAS MADE A REASONABLE EFFORT TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH. (B) IN ANY SCHOOL DISTRICT WHICH HAS ADOPTED A RESOLUTION PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION, THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE A. 11189 3 FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IF SUCH VEHICLE WAS USED OR OPERATED WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE OWNER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE, AND SUCH VIOLATION IS EVIDENCED BY INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM A SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA; PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WHERE THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE HAS BEEN CONVICTED OF THE UNDERLYING VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. (C) FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, "OWNER" SHALL HAVE THE MEANING PROVIDED IN ARTICLE TWO-B OF THIS CHAPTER. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, "SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA" SHALL MEAN AN AUTOMATED PHOTO MONITORING DEVICE AFFIXED TO THE OUTSIDE OF A SCHOOL BUS AND DESIGNATED TO DETECT AND STORE ONE OR MORE IMAGES OF MOTOR VEHICLES THAT OVERTAKE OR PASS SCHOOL BUSES IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. (D) NO SCHOOL DISTRICT OR SCHOOL BUS TRANSPORTATION CONTRACTOR THAT HAS INSTALLED CAMERAS PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL ACCESS THE IMAGES FROM SUCH CAMERAS BUT SHALL PROVIDE, PURSUANT TO AN AGREEMENT WITH THE APPROPRIATE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY OR AGENCIES, FOR THE PROPER HANDLING AND CUSTODY OF SUCH IMAGES FOR THE FORWARDING OF SUCH IMAGES FROM SUCH CAMERAS TO A LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY HAVING JURISDICTION IN THE AREA IN WHICH THE VIOLATION OCCURRED FOR THE PURPOSE OF IMPOSING MONETARY LIABILITY ON THE OWNER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE FOR ILLEGALLY OVERTAKING OR PASSING A SCHOOL BUS IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. AFTER RECEIPT OF SUCH IMAGES A POLICE OFFICER SHALL INSPECT SUCH IMAGES TO DETERMINE WHETHER A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE WAS COMMITTED. UPON SUCH A FINDING A CERTIFICATE, SWORN TO OR AFFIRMED BY AN OFFICER OF SUCH AGENCY, OR A FACSIMILE THEREOF, BASED UPON INSPECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY A SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA, SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. ANY PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTO- GRAPHS OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES EVIDENCING SUCH A VIOLATION SHALL BE AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION IN ANY PROCEEDING TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY FOR SUCH VIOLATION. (E) AN OWNER FOUND LIABLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A MONETARY PENALTY OF TWO HUNDRED FIFTY DOLLARS. (E-1) PAYMENT OF THE MONETARY PENALTY IMPOSED BY SUBDIVISION (E) OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE PAYABLE TO THE MUNICIPALITY WHERE THE VIOLATION OCCURRED, PROVIDED HOWEVER, THE SCHOOL DISTRICT SHALL BE ENTITLED TO A PORTION OF THE MONETARY PENALTY THAT EQUALS THE COST TO THE SCHOOL DISTRICT OF PURCHASING AND MAINTAINING THE CAMERAS. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL PREVENT THE MUNICIPALITY FROM ENTERING INTO A MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTAND- ING WITH THE SCHOOL DISTRICT TO RETURN AN ADDITIONAL PORTION OF SUCH PENALTY RECEIVED TO THE SCHOOL DISTRICT. (F) AN IMPOSITION OF LIABILITY UNDER THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE DEEMED A CONVICTION AS AN OPERATOR AND SHALL NOT BE MADE PART OF THE OPERATING RECORD OF THE PERSON UPON WHOM SUCH LIABILITY IS IMPOSED NOR SHALL IT BE USED FOR INSURANCE PURPOSES IN THE PROVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE COVERAGE. (G) 1. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE SENT BY THE RESPECTIVE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO EACH PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION. PERSONAL DELIVERY ON THE OWNER SHALL NOT BE REQUIRED. A MANUAL OR AUTOMATIC A. 11189 4 RECORD OF MAILING PREPARED IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. 2. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, THE REGISTRATION NUMBER OF THE VEHICLE INVOLVED IN SUCH VIOLATION, THE LOCATION WHERE SUCH VIOLATION TOOK PLACE, THE DATE AND TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION AND THE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THE CAMERA WHICH RECORDED THE VIOLATION OR OTHER DOCUMENT LOCATOR NUMBER. 3. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN INFORMATION ADVISING THE PERSON CHARGED OF THE MANNER AND THE TIME IN WHICH HE MAY CONTEST THE LIABILITY ALLEGED IN THE NOTICE. SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL ALSO CONTAIN A WARNING TO ADVISE THE PERSONS CHARGED THAT FAILURE TO CONTEST IN THE MANNER AND TIME PROVIDED SHALL BE DEEMED AN ADMISSION OF LIABIL- ITY AND THAT A DEFAULT JUDGEMENT MAY BE ENTERED THEREON. 4. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE PREPARED AND MAILED BY THE RESPEC- TIVE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY HAVING JURISDICTION OVER THE LOCATION WHERE THE VIOLATION OCCURRED. (H) ADJUDICATION OF THE LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS BY THIS SECTION SHALL BE BY A TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU ESTABLISHED PURSUANT TO SECTION THREE HUNDRED SEVENTY OF THE GENERAL MUNICIPAL LAW OR, IF THERE BE NONE, BY THE COURT HAVING JURISDICTION OVER TRAFFIC INFRACTIONS, EXCEPT THAT ANY CITY WHICH HAS ESTABLISHED OR DESIGNATED AN ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL TO HEAR AND DETERMINE OWNER LIABILITY ESTABLISHED BY THIS ARTICLE FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH TRAFFIC-CONTROL INDICATIONS SHALL USE SUCH TRIBU- NAL TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY IMPOSED BY THIS SECTION. (I) IF AN OWNER RECEIVES A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION FOR ANY TIME PERIOD DURING WHICH THE VEHICLE WAS REPORTED TO A POLICE DEPARTMENT AS HAVING BEEN STOLEN, IT SHALL BE A VALID DEFENSE TO AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION THAT THE VEHICLE HAD BEEN REPORTED TO THE POLICE AS STOLEN PRIOR TO THE TIME THE VIOLATION OCCURRED AND HAD NOT BEEN RECOVERED BY SUCH TIME. FOR PURPOSES OF ASSERTING THE DEFENSE PROVIDED BY THIS SUBDIVISION IT SHALL BE SUFFICIENT THAT A CERTIFIED COPY OF THE POLICE REPORT ON THE STOLEN VEHICLE BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO THE TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU, COURT HAVING JURISDICTION OR PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU. (J) WHERE THE ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IS BY AN ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL, TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU, OR A COURT HAVING JURISDICTION, AN OWNER WHO IS A LESSOR OF A VEHICLE TO WHICH A NOTICE OF LIABILITY WAS ISSUED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVI- SION (G) OF THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR THE VIOLATION OF SUBDI- VISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE, PROVIDED THAT HE OR SHE SENDS TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL, TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU, OR COURT HAVING JURISDICTION A COPY OF THE RENTAL, LEASE OR OTHER SUCH CONTRACT DOCUMENT COVERING SUCH VEHICLE ON THE DATE OF THE VIOLATION, WITH THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE LESSEE CLEARLY LEGI- BLE, WITHIN THIRTY-SEVEN DAYS AFTER RECEIVING NOTICE FROM THE BUREAU OR COURT OF THE DATE AND TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION, TOGETHER WITH THE OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE ORIGINAL NOTICE OF LIABILITY. FAILURE TO SEND SUCH INFORMATION WITHIN SUCH THIRTY-SEVEN DAY TIME PERIOD SHALL RENDER THE OWNER LIABLE FOR THE PENALTY PRESCRIBED BY THIS SECTION. WHERE THE LESSOR COMPLIES WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH, THE LESSEE OF SUCH VEHICLE ON THE DATE OF SUCH VIOLATION SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE OWNER OF SUCH VEHICLE FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, SHALL BE SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR THE VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION A. 11189 5 ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION AND SHALL BE SENT A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (G) OF THIS SECTION. (K) 1. IF THE OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WAS NOT THE OPERATOR OF THE VEHICLE AT THE TIME OF THE VIOLATION, THE OWNER MAY MAINTAIN AN ACTION FOR INDEMNIFICATION AGAINST THE OPERATOR. 2. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF THIS SECTION, NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE SUBJECT TO A MONETARY FINE IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IF THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS OPERATING SUCH VEHICLE WITH- OUT THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME SUCH OPERATOR WAS FOUND TO HAVE BEEN OVERTAKING OR PASSING A SCHOOL BUS. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SUBDIVI- SION THERE SHALL BE A PRESUMPTION THAT THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS OPERATING SUCH VEHICLE WITH THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME SUCH OPERATOR WAS FOUND TO HAVE BEEN OVERTAKING OR PASSING A SCHOOL BUS. (L) NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO LIMIT THE LIABILITY OF AN OPERATOR OF A VEHICLE FOR ANY VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. (M) IN ANY SCHOOL DISTRICT WHICH ADOPTS A SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA PROGRAM PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION, SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT SHALL SUBMIT AN ANNUAL REPORT ON THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF ITS SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS TO THE GOVERNOR, THE TEMPORARY PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE AND THE SPEAKER OF THE ASSEMBLY ON OR BEFORE JUNE FIRST, TWO THOUSAND NINETEEN AND ON THE SAME DATE IN EACH SUCCEEDING YEAR IN WHICH THE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IS OPERABLE. SUCH REPORT SHALL INCLUDE, BUT NOT BE LIMITED TO: 1. A DESCRIPTION OF THE NUMBER OF BUSES AND ROUTES WHERE SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS WERE USED; 2. THE AGGREGATE NUMBER OF ANNUAL INCIDENTS OF VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVI- SION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE WITHIN THE DISTRICTS; 3. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS IN THE AGGREGATE AND ON A DAILY, WEEKLY AND MONTHLY BASIS; 4. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF NOTICES OF LIABILITY ISSUED FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 5. THE NUMBER OF FINES AND TOTAL AMOUNT OF FINES PAID AFTER FIRST NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 6. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS ADJUDICATED AND RESULTS OF SUCH ADJUDI- CATIONS INCLUDING BREAKDOWNS OF DISPOSITIONS MADE FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 7. THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF REVENUE REALIZED BY SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT FROM SUCH ADJUDICATIONS; 8. EXPENSES INCURRED BY SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROGRAM; AND 9. QUALITY OF THE ADJUDICATION PROCESS AND ITS RESULTS. (N) IT SHALL BE A DEFENSE TO ANY PROSECUTION FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDI- VISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE THAT SUCH SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS WERE MALFUNCTIONING AT THE TIME OF THE ALLEGED VIOLATION. § 5. Paragraph 1 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows: 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the city of New York is hereby authorized to establish a demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof A. 11189 6 to comply with posted maximum speed limits in a school speed zone within [the] SUCH city (i) when a school speed limit is in effect as provided in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article or (ii) when other speed limits are in effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on school days during school hours and one hour before and one hour after the school day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school and up to thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes immediately after such student activities. Such demonstration program shall empower the city OF NEW YORK to install photo speed violation monitoring systems within no more than [one hundred forty] TWO HUNDRED NINETY school speed zones within [the] SUCH city at any one time and to operate such systems within such zones (iii) when a school speed limit is in effect as provided in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article or (iv) when other speed limits are in effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on school days during school hours and one hour before and one hour after the school day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school and up to thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes imme- diately after such student activities. In selecting a school speed zone in which to install and operate a photo speed violation monitoring system, the city OF NEW YORK shall consider criteria including, but not limited to, the speed data, crash history, and the roadway geometry applicable to such school speed zone. SUCH CITY SHALL PRIORITIZE THE PLACEMENT OF PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS IN SCHOOL SPEED ZONES BASED UPON SPEED DATA OR THE CRASH HISTORY OF A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE. A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL NOT BE INSTALLED OR OPERATED ON A CONTROLLED-ACCESS HIGHWAY EXIT RAMP OR WITHIN THREE HUNDRED FEET ALONG A HIGHWAY THAT CONTINUES FROM THE END OF A CONT- ROLLED-ACCESS HIGHWAY EXIT RAMP. § 6. Paragraph 2 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: 2. No photo speed violation monitoring system shall be used in a school speed zone unless (i) on the day it is to be used it has success- fully passed a self-test of its functions; and (ii) it has undergone an annual calibration check performed pursuant to paragraph four of this subdivision. The city [may] SHALL install signs giving notice that a photo speed violation monitoring system is in use to be mounted on advance warning signs notifying APPROACHING motor vehicle operators of such upcoming school speed zone and/or on speed limit signs applicable within such school speed zone, in conformance with standards established in the MUTCD. SUCH ADVANCE WARNING SIGNS SHALL ALSO, TO THE EXTENT AUTHORIZED BY THE MUTCD, CONTAIN THE WORDS "SPEED CAMERA AHEAD" AND BE NO MORE THAN THREE HUNDRED FEET FROM SUCH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITOR- ING SYSTEM. § 7. Paragraph 4 of subdivision (c) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: 4. "school speed zone" shall mean a RADIAL distance not to exceed one thousand three hundred twenty feet [on a highway passing] FROM a school building, entrance, or exit [of a school abutting on the highway]. A. 11189 7 § 8. Subdivision (n) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: (n) If the city adopts a demonstration program pursuant to subdivision [one] (A) of this section it shall conduct a study and submit [a] AN ANNUAL report on the results of the use of photo devices to the gover- nor, the temporary president of the senate and the speaker of the assem- bly ON OR BEFORE JUNE FIRST, TWO THOUSAND NINETEEN AND ON THE SAME DATE IN EACH SUCCEEDING YEAR IN WHICH THE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IS OPERABLE. Such report shall include: 1. the locations where and dates when photo speed violation monitoring systems were used; 2. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, injuries and property damage reported within all school speed zones within the city, to the extent the information is maintained by the department of motor vehicles of this state; 3. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, injuries and property damage reported within school speed zones where photo speed violation monitoring systems were used, to the extent the information is maintained by the department of motor vehicles of this state; 4. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones within the city, in the aggregate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 5. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used, in the aggre- gate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 6. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones within the city that were: (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; and (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 7. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used that were: (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; and (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 8. the total number of notices of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems; 9. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the first notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems; 10. the number of violations adjudicated and the results of such adju- dications including breakdowns of dispositions made for violations recorded by such systems; 11. the total amount of revenue realized by the city in connection with the program; 12. the expenses incurred by the city in connection with the program; [and] 13. the quality of the adjudication process and its results; AND A. 11189 8 14. THE EFFECTIVENESS AND ADEQUACY OF THE HOURS OF OPERATION FOR SUCH PROGRAM TO DETERMINE THE IMPACT ON SPEEDING VIOLATIONS AND PREVENTION OF CRASHES. § 9. The opening paragraph of section 12 of chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, amending the vehicle and traffic law, the public officers law and the general municipal law relating to photo speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York, is amended to read as follows: This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall have become a law [and]; PROVIDED THAT SECTIONS ONE THROUGH TEN OF THIS ACT shall expire 4 years after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of SUCH SECTIONS OF this act shall be deemed repealed; and provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effec- tive date, provided that: § 10. The opening paragraph of section 15 of chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, amending the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law relating to establishing in a city with a population of one million or more a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices, is amended to read as follows: This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall have become a law and shall expire [5 years after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of this act shall] AND be deemed repealed JULY 1, 2022; and provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effective date, provided that: § 11. Photo speed violation monitoring systems within the additional 150 school speed zones authorized for the city of New York by paragraph 1 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section one of this act, shall be authorized to be installed over the 3 year period following the effective date of this act as follows: (a) in no more than 50 school speed zones during the first such year; (b) in no more than 50 additional school speed zones during the second such year; and (c) in no more than 50 additional school speed zones during the third such year. § 12. Subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions consti- tuting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for A. 11189 9 violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of such section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-a. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-b. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: A. 11189 10 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivi- sion (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- ter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-c. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH A. 11189 11 SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-d. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners for violations of subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-e. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-f. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: A. 11189 12 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-g. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as separately amended by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972 and chapter 379 of the laws of 1992, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, OR TO ADJU- DICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 13. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- en of this chapter in accordance with such section eleven hundred eleven-a, sections eleven hundred eleven-b as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thou- sand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d or section eleven hundred eleven-e and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the A. 11189 13 provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty and shall adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. Such tribunal, except in a city with a population of one million or more, shall also have jurisdiction of abandoned vehicle violations. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regu- lation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 13-a. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- en of this chapter in accordance with such sections eleven hundred eleven-b as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d or section eleven hundred eleven-e; and shall adjudi- cate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section and shall adjudicate liability of owners for violations of subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addi- tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 13-b. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a A. 11189 14 parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section; and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter; AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEV- EN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehi- cle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 13-c. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf- fic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commis- sioner. § 13-d. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf- fic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commis- sioner. A. 11189 15 § 13-e. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stop- ping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 13-f. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addi- tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 14. Section 237 of the vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new subdivision 16 to read as follows: 16. TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVI- SION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAP- TER. § 15. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article, but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF A. 11189 16 LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-a. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-b. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-c. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-d. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter AND SHALL NOT A. 11189 17 BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-e. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-f. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 180 of the laws of 1980, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 16. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 5 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading or contesting that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of A. 11189 18 two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 16-a. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading or contesting that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hear- ing. A. 11189 19 § 16-b. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liabil- ity, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hear- ing. § 16-c. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section elev- en hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent A. 11189 20 adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hear- ing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 16-d. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter contests such alle- gation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- eon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, is being contested, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 16-e. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must A. 11189 21 appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- eon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 16-f. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, and subdivision 1-a as added by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- eon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, OR THE BUREAU HAS BEEN NOTIFIED THAT AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER IS BEING CONTESTED, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 17. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi- cle and traffic law, as amended by section 6 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allega- tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, shall be held before a hearing A. 11189 22 examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter is contested or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter is contested or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public author- ities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty is contested or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or OF a hearing at which liabil- ity in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR OF A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-a. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or OF a hearing at which liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR OF A HEAR- ING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-b. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN A. 11189 23 ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or of a hear- ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or OF a hearing at which liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR OF A HEAR- ING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-c. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or OF a hear- ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR OF A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-d. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter is contested or a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-e. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held A. 11189 24 before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-f. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty OR A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 18. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or the record of liabil- ities incurred in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR IN THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll main- tained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpay- ment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with A. 11189 25 section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR FAILS TO CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead or contest, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twen- ty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liabil- ity in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty alleged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter alleged, OR LIABILITY IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, as appropriate, or making an appear- ance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered and allegations contested within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time A. 11189 26 prescribed for entering a plea or contesting an allegation. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 18-a. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustain- ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR FAILS TO CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, contest, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, or liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or liability A. 11189 27 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter alleged, OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, as appropri- ate, or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered and allegations contested within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of opera- tors or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea or contesting an allegation. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustain- ing them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 18-b. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustain- ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or A. 11189 28 fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR FAILS TO CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or alleged liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or alleged liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR ALLEGED LIABILITY IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allega- tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGA- TION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 18-c. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the A. 11189 29 person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penal- ties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- gation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR FAILS TO CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter alleged, OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allega- tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. A. 11189 30 § 18-d. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the person charged OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determi- nations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records show- ing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- gation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter alleged OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABIL- ITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of A. 11189 31 the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 18-e. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determi- nations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records show- ing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR CONTEST AN ALLE- GATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged OR LIABILITY IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-resi- dents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. A. 11189 32 § 18-f. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, and subdivision 2 as amended by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he may examine the prior parking violations record OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER of the person charged, AS APPLICABLE, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation OR CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to addi- tional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 19. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 1180-d to read as follows: § 1180-D. OWNER LIABILITY FOR FAILURE OF OPERATOR TO COMPLY WITH CERTAIN POSTED MAXIMUM SPEED LIMITS. (A) 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, THE CITY OF BUFFALO IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED TO ESTABLISH A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IMPOSING MONETARY LIABILITY ON THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE FOR FAILURE OF AN OPERATOR THEREOF TO COMPLY WITH POSTED MAXIMUM SPEED LIMITS IN A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE WITHIN THE CITY (I) WHEN A SCHOOL A. 11189 33 SPEED LIMIT IS IN EFFECT AS PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPHS ONE AND TWO OF SUBDI- VISION (C) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE OR (II) WHEN OTHER SPEED LIMITS ARE IN EFFECT AS PROVIDED IN SUBDIVISION (B), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE DURING THE FOLLOWING TIMES: (A) ON SCHOOL DAYS DURING SCHOOL HOURS AND ONE HOUR BEFORE AND ONE HOUR AFTER THE SCHOOL DAY, AND (B) A PERIOD DURING STUDENT ACTIVITIES AT THE SCHOOL AND UP TO THIRTY MINUTES IMMEDIATELY BEFORE AND UP TO THIRTY MINUTES IMMEDIATELY AFTER SUCH STUDENT ACTIV- ITIES. SUCH DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM SHALL EMPOWER THE CITY TO INSTALL PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS WITHIN NO MORE THAN TWENTY SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WITHIN THE CITY AT ANY ONE TIME AND TO OPERATE SUCH SYSTEMS WITHIN SUCH ZONES (III) WHEN A SCHOOL SPEED LIMIT IS IN EFFECT AS PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPHS ONE AND TWO OF SUBDIVISION (C) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE OR (IV) WHEN OTHER SPEED LIMITS ARE IN EFFECT AS PROVIDED IN SUBDIVISION (B), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE DURING THE FOLLOWING TIMES: (A) ON SCHOOL DAYS DURING SCHOOL HOURS AND ONE HOUR BEFORE AND ONE HOUR AFTER THE SCHOOL DAY, AND (B) A PERIOD DURING STUDENT ACTIVITIES AT THE SCHOOL AND UP TO THIRTY MINUTES IMMEDIATELY BEFORE AND UP TO THIRTY MINUTES IMMEDIATELY AFTER SUCH STUDENT ACTIVITIES. IN SELECTING A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE IN WHICH TO INSTALL AND OPERATE A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM, THE CITY SHALL CONSIDER CRITERIA INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE SPEED DATA, CRASH HISTORY, AND THE ROADWAY GEOMETRY APPLICABLE TO SUCH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE. 2. NO PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL BE USED IN A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE UNLESS (I) ON THE DAY IT IS TO BE USED IT HAS SUCCESS- FULLY PASSED A SELF-TEST OF ITS FUNCTIONS; AND (II) IT HAS UNDERGONE AN ANNUAL CALIBRATION CHECK PERFORMED PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH FOUR OF THIS SUBDIVISION. THE CITY SHALL INSTALL SIGNS GIVING NOTICE THAT A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM IS IN USE TO BE MOUNTED ON ADVANCE WARNING SIGNS NOTIFYING MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATORS OF SUCH UPCOMING SCHOOL SPEED ZONE AND/OR ON SPEED LIMIT SIGNS APPLICABLE WITHIN SUCH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE, IN CONFORMANCE WITH STANDARDS ESTABLISHED IN THE MUTCD. 3. OPERATORS OF PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS SHALL HAVE COMPLETED TRAINING IN THE PROCEDURES FOR SETTING UP, TESTING, AND OPER- ATING SUCH SYSTEMS. EACH SUCH OPERATOR SHALL COMPLETE AND SIGN A DAILY SET-UP LOG FOR EACH SUCH SYSTEM THAT HE OR SHE OPERATES THAT (I) STATES THE DATE AND TIME WHEN, AND THE LOCATION WHERE, THE SYSTEM WAS SET UP THAT DAY, AND (II) STATES THAT SUCH OPERATOR SUCCESSFULLY PERFORMED, AND THE SYSTEM PASSED, THE SELF-TESTS OF SUCH SYSTEM BEFORE PRODUCING A RECORDED IMAGE THAT DAY. THE CITY SHALL RETAIN EACH SUCH DAILY LOG UNTIL THE LATER OF THE DATE ON WHICH THE PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITOR- ING SYSTEM TO WHICH IT APPLIES HAS BEEN PERMANENTLY REMOVED FROM USE OR THE FINAL RESOLUTION OF ALL CASES INVOLVING NOTICES OF LIABILITY ISSUED BASED ON PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEO OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY SUCH SYSTEM. 4. EACH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL UNDERGO AN ANNU- AL CALIBRATION CHECK PERFORMED BY AN INDEPENDENT CALIBRATION LABORATORY WHICH SHALL ISSUE A SIGNED CERTIFICATE OF CALIBRATION. THE CITY SHALL KEEP EACH SUCH ANNUAL CERTIFICATE OF CALIBRATION ON FILE UNTIL THE FINAL RESOLUTION OF ALL CASES INVOLVING A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED DURING SUCH YEAR WHICH WERE BASED ON PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY SUCH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITOR- ING SYSTEM. 5. (I) SUCH DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM SHALL UTILIZE NECESSARY TECHNOLOGIES TO ENSURE, TO THE EXTENT PRACTICABLE, THAT PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTO- A. 11189 34 GRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY SUCH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS SHALL NOT INCLUDE IMAGES THAT IDENTIFY THE DRIVER, THE PASSENGERS, OR THE CONTENTS OF THE VEHICLE. PROVIDED, HOWEV- ER, THAT NO NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE DISMISSED SOLELY BECAUSE SUCH A PHOTOGRAPH, MICROPHOTOGRAPH, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGE ALLOWS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE DRIVER, THE PASSENGERS, OR THE CONTENTS OF VEHICLES WHERE THE CITY SHOWS THAT IT MADE REASONABLE EFFORTS TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH IN SUCH CASE. (II) PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR ANY OTHER RECORDED IMAGE FROM A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL BE FOR THE EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE CITY FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE ADJUDICATION OF LIABIL- ITY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION AND OF THE OWNER RECEIVING A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, AND SHALL BE DESTROYED BY THE CITY UPON THE FINAL RESOLUTION OF THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY TO WHICH SUCH PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES RELATE, OR ONE YEAR FOLLOWING THE DATE OF ISSUANCE OF SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY, WHICHEVER IS LATER. NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF ANY OTHER LAW, RULE OR REGULATION TO THE CONTRARY, PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTO- GRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR ANY OTHER RECORDED IMAGE FROM A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL NOT BE OPEN TO THE PUBLIC, NOR SUBJECT TO CIVIL OR CRIMINAL PROCESS OR DISCOVERY, NOR USED BY ANY COURT OR ADMINISTRATIVE OR ADJUDICATORY BODY IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING THEREIN EXCEPT THAT WHICH IS NECESSARY FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, AND NO PUBLIC ENTITY OR EMPLOYEE, OFFICER OR AGENT THEREOF SHALL DISCLOSE SUCH INFORMATION, EXCEPT THAT SUCH PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR ANY OTHER RECORDED IMAGES FROM SUCH SYSTEMS: (A) SHALL BE AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION AND COPYING AND USE BY THE MOTOR VEHICLE OWNER AND OPERATOR FOR SO LONG AS SUCH PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTO- GRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES ARE REQUIRED TO BE MAINTAINED OR ARE MAINTAINED BY SUCH PUBLIC ENTITY, EMPLOYEE, OFFICER OR AGENT; AND (B) (1) SHALL BE FURNISHED WHEN DESCRIBED IN A SEARCH WARRANT ISSUED BY A COURT AUTHORIZED TO ISSUE SUCH A SEARCH WARRANT PURSUANT TO ARTICLE SIX HUNDRED NINETY OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW OR A FEDERAL COURT AUTHORIZED TO ISSUE SUCH A SEARCH WARRANT UNDER FEDERAL LAW, WHERE SUCH SEARCH WARRANT STATES THAT THERE IS REASONABLE CAUSE TO BELIEVE SUCH INFORMATION CONSTITUTES EVIDENCE OF, OR TENDS TO DEMONSTRATE THAT, A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY OFFENSE WAS COMMITTED IN THIS STATE OR ANOTHER STATE, OR THAT A PARTICULAR PERSON PARTICIPATED IN THE COMMISSION OF A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY OFFENSE IN THIS STATE OR ANOTHER STATE, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT IF SUCH OFFENSE WAS AGAINST THE LAWS OF ANOTHER STATE, THE COURT SHALL ONLY ISSUE A WARRANT IF THE CONDUCT COMPRISING SUCH OFFENSE WOULD, IF OCCURRING IN THIS STATE, CONSTITUTE A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY AGAINST THE LAWS OF THIS STATE; AND (2) SHALL BE FURNISHED IN RESPONSE TO A SUBPOENA DUCES TECUM SIGNED BY A JUDGE OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION AND ISSUED PURSUANT TO ARTICLE SIX HUNDRED TEN OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW OR A JUDGE OR MAGISTRATE OF A FEDERAL COURT AUTHORIZED TO ISSUE SUCH A SUBPOENA DUCES TECUM UNDER FEDERAL LAW, WHERE THE JUDGE FINDS AND THE SUBPOENA STATES THAT THERE IS REASONABLE CAUSE TO BELIEVE SUCH INFORMATION IS RELEVANT AND MATERIAL TO THE PROSECUTION, OR THE DEFENSE, OR THE INVESTIGATION BY AN AUTHORIZED LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICIAL, OF THE ALLEGED COMMISSION OF A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY IN THIS STATE OR ANOTHER STATE, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT IF SUCH OFFENSE WAS AGAINST THE LAWS OF ANOTHER STATE, SUCH JUDGE OR MAGISTRATE SHALL ONLY ISSUE SUCH SUBPOENA IF THE CONDUCT COMPRISING SUCH OFFENSE A. 11189 35 WOULD, IF OCCURRING IN THIS STATE, CONSTITUTE A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY IN THIS STATE; AND (3) MAY, IF LAWFULLY OBTAINED PURSUANT TO THIS CLAUSE AND CLAUSE (A) OF THIS SUBPARAGRAPH AND OTHERWISE ADMISSIBLE, BE USED IN SUCH CRIMINAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING. (B) IF THE CITY OF BUFFALO ESTABLISHES A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PURSU- ANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION, THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IF SUCH VEHICLE WAS USED OR OPERATED WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE OWNER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITHIN A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (C) OR DURING THE TIMES AUTHORIZED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE, SUCH VEHICLE WAS TRAVELING AT A SPEED OF MORE THAN TEN MILES PER HOUR ABOVE THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT IN EFFECT WITHIN SUCH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE, AND SUCH VIOLATION IS EVIDENCED BY INFOR- MATION OBTAINED FROM A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM; PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WHERE THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE HAS BEEN CONVICTED OF THE UNDERLYING VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE. (C) FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, THE FOLLOWING TERMS SHALL HAVE THE FOLLOWING MEANINGS: 1. "MANUAL ON UNIFORM TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES" OR "MUTCD" SHALL MEAN THE MANUAL AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES MAINTAINED BY THE COMMISSIONER OF TRANSPORTATION PURSUANT TO SECTION SIXTEEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER; 2. "OWNER" SHALL HAVE THE MEANING PROVIDED IN ARTICLE TWO-B OF THIS CHAPTER; 3. "PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM" SHALL MEAN A VEHICLE SENSOR INSTALLED TO WORK IN CONJUNCTION WITH A SPEED MEASURING DEVICE WHICH AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCES TWO OR MORE PHOTOGRAPHS, TWO OR MORE MICRO- PHOTOGRAPHS, A VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES OF EACH VEHICLE AT THE TIME IT IS USED OR OPERATED IN A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION; AND 4. "SCHOOL SPEED ZONE" SHALL MEAN A DISTANCE NOT TO EXCEED ONE THOU- SAND THREE HUNDRED TWENTY FEET ON A HIGHWAY PASSING A SCHOOL BUILDING, ENTRANCE OR EXIT OF A SCHOOL ABUTTING ON THE HIGHWAY. (D) A CERTIFICATE, SWORN TO OR AFFIRMED BY A TECHNICIAN EMPLOYED BY THE CITY OF BUFFALO, OR A FACSIMILE THEREOF, BASED UPON INSPECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM, SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. ANY PHOTOGRAPHS, MICRO- PHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES EVIDENCING SUCH A VIOLATION SHALL INCLUDE AT LEAST TWO DATE AND TIME STAMPED IMAGES OF THE REAR OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE THAT INCLUDE THE SAME STATIONARY OBJECT NEAR THE MOTOR VEHICLE AND SHALL BE AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION REASONABLY IN ADVANCE OF AND AT ANY PROCEEDING TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY FOR SUCH VIOLATION PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION. (E) AN OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM ESTABLISHED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE LIABLE FOR MONETARY PENALTIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH A SCHEDULE OF FINES AND PENALTIES TO BE PROMULGATED BY THE PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU OF THE CITY OF BUFFALO. THE LIABILITY OF THE OWNER PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL NOT EXCEED FIFTY DOLLARS FOR EACH VIOLATION; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT A. 11189 36 SUCH PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU MAY PROVIDE FOR AN ADDITIONAL PENALTY NOT IN EXCESS OF TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS FOR EACH VIOLATION FOR THE FAILURE TO RESPOND TO A NOTICE OF LIABILITY WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME PERIOD. (F) AN IMPOSITION OF LIABILITY UNDER THE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM ESTAB- LISHED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE DEEMED A CONVICTION AS AN OPERATOR AND SHALL NOT BE MADE PART OF THE OPERATING RECORD OF THE PERSON UPON WHOM SUCH LIABILITY IS IMPOSED NOR SHALL IT BE USED FOR INSURANCE PURPOSES IN THE PROVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE COVERAGE. (G) 1. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO EACH PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTI- CLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, WITHIN FOURTEEN BUSINESS DAYS IF SUCH OWNER IS A RESIDENT OF THIS STATE AND WITHIN FORTY-FIVE BUSINESS DAYS IF SUCH OWNER IS A NON-RESIDENT. PERSONAL DELIVERY ON THE OWNER SHALL NOT BE REQUIRED. A MANUAL OR AUTOMATIC RECORD OF MAILING PREPARED IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. 2. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTI- CLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, THE REGISTRATION NUMBER OF THE VEHICLE INVOLVED IN SUCH VIOLATION, THE LOCATION WHERE SUCH VIOLATION TOOK PLACE, THE DATE AND TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION, THE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THE CAMERA WHICH RECORDED THE VIOLATION OR OTHER DOCUMENT LOCATOR NUMBER, AT LEAST TWO DATE AND TIME STAMPED IMAGES OF THE REAR OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE THAT INCLUDE THE SAME STATIONARY OBJECT NEAR THE MOTOR VEHICLE, AND THE CERTIFICATE CHARGING THE LIABILITY. 3. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN INFORMATION ADVISING THE PERSON CHARGED OF THE MANNER AND THE TIME IN WHICH HE OR SHE MAY CONTEST THE LIABILITY ALLEGED IN THE NOTICE. SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL ALSO CONTAIN A PROMINENT WARNING TO ADVISE THE PERSON CHARGED THAT FAILURE TO CONTEST IN THE MANNER AND TIME PROVIDED SHALL BE DEEMED AN ADMISSION OF LIABILITY AND THAT A DEFAULT JUDGMENT MAY BE ENTERED THEREON. 4. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE PREPARED AND MAILED BY THE CITY OF BUFFALO, OR BY ANY OTHER ENTITY AUTHORIZED BY THE CITY TO PREPARE AND MAIL SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY. (H) ADJUDICATION OF THE LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE BY THE CITY OF BUFFALO PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU. (I) IF AN OWNER RECEIVES A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION FOR ANY TIME PERIOD DURING WHICH THE VEHICLE OR THE NUMBER PLATE OR PLATES OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS REPORTED TO THE POLICE DEPARTMENT AS HAVING BEEN STOLEN, IT SHALL BE A VALID DEFENSE TO AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION THAT THE VEHICLE OR THE NUMBER PLATE OR PLATES OF SUCH VEHICLE HAD BEEN REPORTED TO THE POLICE AS STOLEN PRIOR TO THE TIME THE VIOLATION OCCURRED AND HAD NOT BEEN RECOVERED BY SUCH TIME. FOR PURPOSES OF ASSERTING THE DEFENSE PROVIDED BY THIS SUBDIVISION, IT SHALL BE SUFFI- CIENT THAT A CERTIFIED COPY OF THE POLICE REPORT ON THE STOLEN VEHICLE OR NUMBER PLATE OR PLATES OF SUCH VEHICLE BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO THE CITY OF BUFFALO PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU OR BY ANY OTHER ENTITY AUTHORIZED BY THE CITY TO PREPARE AND MAIL SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY. (J) ADJUDICATION OF THE LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE BY THE CITY OF BUFFALO PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU. (K) 1. AN OWNER WHO IS A LESSOR OF A VEHICLE TO WHICH A NOTICE OF LIABILITY WAS ISSUED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (G) OF THIS SECTION SHALL A. 11189 37 NOT BE LIABLE FOR THE VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, PROVIDED THAT: (I) PRIOR TO THE VIOLATION, THE LESSOR HAS FILED WITH SUCH PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION TWO HUNDRED THIRTY-NINE OF THIS CHAPTER; AND (II) WITHIN THIRTY-SEVEN DAYS AFTER RECEIVING NOTICE FROM SUCH DIVI- SION OF THE DATE AND TIME OF A LIABILITY, TOGETHER WITH THE OTHER INFOR- MATION CONTAINED IN THE ORIGINAL NOTICE OF LIABILITY, THE LESSOR SUBMITS TO SUCH DIVISION THE CORRECT NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE LESSEE OF THE VEHI- CLE IDENTIFIED IN THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY AT THE TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION, TOGETHER WITH SUCH OTHER ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE RENTAL, LEASE OR OTHER CONTRACT DOCUMENT, AS MAY BE REASONABLY REQUIRED BY SUCH DIVISION PURSUANT TO REGULATIONS THAT MAY BE PROMULGATED FOR SUCH PURPOSE. 2. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH SUBPARAGRAPH (II) OF PARAGRAPH ONE OF THIS SUBDIVISION SHALL RENDER THE OWNER LIABLE FOR THE PENALTY PRESCRIBED IN THIS SECTION. 3. WHERE THE LESSOR COMPLIES WITH THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPH ONE OF THIS SUBDIVISION, THE LESSEE OF SUCH VEHICLE ON THE DATE OF SUCH VIOLATION SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE OWNER OF SUCH VEHICLE FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, SHALL BE SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR SUCH VIOLATION PURSU- ANT TO THIS SECTION AND SHALL BE SENT A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (I) OF THIS SECTION. (L) 1. IF THE OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (C) OR (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WAS NOT THE OPERATOR OF THE VEHICLE AT THE TIME OF THE VIOLATION, THE OWNER MAY MAINTAIN AN ACTION FOR INDEMNIFICATION AGAINST THE OPERATOR. 2. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF THIS SECTION, NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE SUBJECT TO A MONETARY FINE IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IF THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS OPERATING SUCH VEHICLE WITH- OUT THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME SUCH OPERATOR OPERATED SUCH VEHICLE IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SUBDIVISION THERE SHALL BE A PRESUMPTION THAT THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS OPER- ATING SUCH VEHICLE WITH THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME OF SUCH OPERATOR OPERATED SUCH VEHICLE IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE. (M) NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO LIMIT THE LIABILITY OF AN OPERATOR OF A VEHICLE FOR ANY VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (C) OR (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE. (N) IF THE CITY ADOPTS A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION IT SHALL CONDUCT A STUDY AND SUBMIT A REPORT ON THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF PHOTO DEVICES TO THE GOVERNOR, THE TEMPORARY PRES- IDENT OF THE SENATE AND THE SPEAKER OF THE ASSEMBLY. SUCH REPORT SHALL INCLUDE: 1. THE LOCATIONS WHERE AND DATES WHEN PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS WERE USED; 2. THE AGGREGATE NUMBER, TYPE AND SEVERITY OF CRASHES, FATALITIES, INJURIES AND PROPERTY DAMAGE REPORTED WITHIN ALL SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WITHIN THE CITY, TO THE EXTENT THE INFORMATION IS MAINTAINED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES OF THIS STATE; 3. THE AGGREGATE NUMBER, TYPE AND SEVERITY OF CRASHES, FATALITIES, INJURIES AND PROPERTY DAMAGE REPORTED WITHIN SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WHERE PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS WERE USED, TO THE EXTENT THE A. 11189 38 INFORMATION IS MAINTAINED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES OF THIS STATE; 4. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED WITHIN ALL SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WITHIN THE CITY, IN THE AGGREGATE ON A DAILY, WEEKLY AND MONTHLY BASIS; 5. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED WITHIN EACH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE WHERE A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM IS USED, IN THE AGGRE- GATE ON A DAILY, WEEKLY AND MONTHLY BASIS; 6. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED WITHIN ALL SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WITHIN THE CITY THAT WERE: (I) MORE THAN TEN BUT NOT MORE THAN TWENTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; (II) MORE THAN TWENTY BUT NOT MORE THAN THIRTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; (III) MORE THAN THIRTY BUT NOT MORE THAN FORTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; AND (IV) MORE THAN FORTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; 7. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED WITHIN EACH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE WHERE A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM IS USED THAT WERE: (I) MORE THAN TEN BUT NOT MORE THAN TWENTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; (II) MORE THAN TWENTY BUT NOT MORE THAN THIRTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; (III) MORE THAN THIRTY BUT NOT MORE THAN FORTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; AND (IV) MORE THAN FORTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; 8. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF NOTICES OF LIABILITY ISSUED FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 9. THE NUMBER OF FINES AND TOTAL AMOUNT OF FINES PAID AFTER THE FIRST NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 10. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS ADJUDICATED AND THE RESULTS OF SUCH ADJU- DICATIONS INCLUDING BREAKDOWNS OF DISPOSITIONS MADE FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 11. THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF REVENUE REALIZED BY THE CITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROGRAM; 12. THE EXPENSES INCURRED BY THE CITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROGRAM; AND 13. THE QUALITY OF THE ADJUDICATION PROCESS AND ITS RESULTS. (O) IT SHALL BE A DEFENSE TO ANY PROSECUTION FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDI- VISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION THAT SUCH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM WAS MALFUNCTIONING AT THE TIME OF THE ALLEGED VIOLATION. § 20. The opening paragraph and paragraph (c) of subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred A. 11189 39 eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adju- dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied a crime victim assist- ance fee and a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in accordance with the following schedule: (c) Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter other than a crime pursuant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or a traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an infraction pursuant to article nine of this chapter or other than an adjudication of liabil- ity of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or other than an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE A. 11189 40 WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied a crime victim assistance fee in the amount of five dollars and a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of fifty-five dollars. § 20-a. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equip- ment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adju- dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi- vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of twenty-five dollars. § 20-b. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi- vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation A. 11189 41 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-c. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- en of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-d. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in A. 11189 42 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-e. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adju- dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a manda- tory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-f. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-g. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as separately amended by chapter 16 of the laws of 1983 and chapter 62 of the laws of 1989, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 21. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a A. 11189 43 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter of a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, and except an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter of a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, A. 11189 44 AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thou- sand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABIL- ITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudi- cation of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regu- lations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- A. 11189 45 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-c of this chapter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liabil- ity of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED A. 11189 46 EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 5 of part C of chapter 55 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 22. Subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: (i) If at the time of application for a registration or renewal there- of there is a certification from a court, parking violations bureau, traffic and parking violations agency or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to a total of three or more summonses or other process in the aggregate, issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi- cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a, section eleven hundred eleven-b or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- ter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision A. 11189 47 (c) or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or (v) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (c) or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, OR (VII) THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (C) OR (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER, the commis- sioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal appli- cation until the applicant provides proof from the court, traffic and parking violations agency or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commission- er may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal appli- cation to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registra- tion or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivi- sion and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an adminis- trative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to a total of three or more summonses or other process in the aggregate, issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi- cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- ter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section; or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter or (v) the regis- trant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (v) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chap- ter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section A. 11189 48 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; OR (VII) THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appear- ance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribu- nal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER; or (v) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this A. 11189 49 chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registra- tion or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER; or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regu- lations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal A. 11189 50 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- trant or his agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registra- tion or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: A. 11189 51 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- trant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regu- lations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- trant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY A. 11189 52 OF THIS CHAPTER, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a regis- tration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-g. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as separately amended by chapters 339 and 592 of the laws of 1987, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his representative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an administrative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the registrant or his agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appro- priate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEV- EN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER, the commissioner or his agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or admin- istrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal follow- ing entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his discretion, deny a regis- tration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. A. 11189 53 § 23. Subdivision 2 of section 87 of the public officers law is amended by adding a new paragraph (p) to read as follows: (P) ARE PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PREPARED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW. § 24. The purchase or lease of equipment for a demonstration program pursuant to section 1180-d of the vehicle and traffic law shall be subject to the provisions of section 103 of the general municipal law. § 25. This act shall take effect immediately; provided that sections one through four of this act shall expire and be deemed repealed 4 years after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of sections one through four of this act shall be deemed repealed; and provided further that the amendments to section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law made by sections five, six, seven and eight of this act shall not affect the repeal of such section and shall be deemed repealed there- with; and provided further that the amendments to paragraph 2 of subdi- vision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law made by section six of this act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after this act shall have become a law; and provided further that sections twelve through twenty-four of this act shall take effect on the thirti- eth day after it shall have become a law and shall expire 4 years after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of sections twelve through twenty-four of this act shall be deemed repealed; and provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effec- tive date, provided that: (a) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-a of this act shall take effect; (a-1) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-b of this act shall take effect; (a-2) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-c of this act shall take effect; (a-3) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-d of this act shall take effect; (a-4) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-e of this act shall take effect; (a-5) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-f of this act shall take effect; (a-6) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-f of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-g of this act shall take effect; A. 11189 54 (b) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-a of this act shall take effect; (b-1) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-b of this act shall take effect; (b-2) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-c of this act shall take effect; (b-3) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-d of this act shall take effect; (b-4) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-e of this act shall take effect; (b-5) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-f of this act shall take effect; (c) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-a of this act shall take effect; (c-1) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-b of this act shall take effect; (c-2) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-c of this act shall take effect; (c-3) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-d of this act shall take effect; (c-4) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-e of this act shall take effect; A. 11189 55 (c-5) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-f of this act shall take effect; (d) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-a of this act shall take effect; (d-1) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-b of this act shall take effect; (d-2) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-c of this act shall take effect; (d-3) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-d of this act shall take effect; (d-4) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-e of this act shall take effect; (d-5) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-f of this act shall take effect; (e) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-a of this act shall take effect; (e-1) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-b of this act shall take effect; (e-2) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-c of this act shall take effect; (e-3) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-d of this act shall take effect; A. 11189 56 (e-4) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-e of this act shall take effect; (e-5) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-f of this act shall take effect; (f) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehi- cle and traffic law made by section eighteen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-a of this act shall take effect; (f-1) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-b of this act shall take effect; (f-2) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-c of this act shall take effect; (f-3) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-d of this act shall take effect; (f-4) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-e of this act shall take effect; (f-5) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-f of this act shall take effect; (g) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-a of this act shall take effect; (g-1) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-b of this act shall take effect; (g-2) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-c of this act shall take effect; A. 11189 57 (g-3) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-d of this act shall take effect; (g-4) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-e of this act shall take effect; (g-5) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-f of this act shall take effect; (g-6) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-f of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-g of this act shall take effect; (h) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-a of this act shall take effect; (h-1) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-b of this act shall take effect; (h-2) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-c of this act shall take effect; (h-3) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-d of this act shall take effect; (h-4) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-e of this act shall take effect; (h-5) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-f of this act shall take effect; (i) the amendments to subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twen- ty-two of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-two-a of this act shall take effect; A. 11189 58 (i-1) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-b of this act shall take effect; (i-2) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-c of this act shall take effect; (i-3) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-d of this act shall take effect; (i-4) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-e of this act shall take effect; (i-5) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-f of this act shall take effect; and (i-6) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-f of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-g of this act shall take effect.
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