Assembly Actions -
Lowercase Senate Actions - UPPERCASE |
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Jun 20, 2018 |
referred to rules delivered to senate passed assembly ordered to third reading rules cal.439 rules report cal.439 |
Jun 19, 2018 |
reported reported referred to rules |
Jun 17, 2018 |
referred to ways and means |
Assembly Bill A11246
2017-2018 Legislative Session
Relates to the imposition of tax
download bill text pdfSponsored By
HEASTIE
Archive: Last Bill Status - In Senate Committee Rules Committee
- Introduced
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- In Committee Assembly
- In Committee Senate
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- On Floor Calendar Assembly
- On Floor Calendar Senate
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- Passed Assembly
- Passed Senate
- Delivered to Governor
- Signed By Governor
Actions
2017-A11246 (ACTIVE) - Details
- Current Committee:
- Senate Rules
- Law Section:
- Tax Law
- Laws Affected:
- Amd §2, Chap 88 of 2009; amd §2, Chap 89 of 2009; amd §2, Chap 62 of 2015; amd §3, Chap 327 of 2006; amd §2, Chap 405 of 2005; amd §2, Chap 368 of 2008; amd §2, Chap 218 of 2009; amd §2, Chap 98 of 2009; amd §3, Chap 105 of 2009; amd §§1903 & 1803-a, RPT L; amd §§54.30, 54.10, 54.90, 57.00, 90.00, 107.00 & 54.40, Loc Fin L; amd §10-a, §2 of Chap 868 of 1975; amd §5, Chap 142 of 2004; amd §§1604 & 1709, Ed L; amd V & T L, generally; amd §12, Chap 43 of 2014; amd §15, Chap 189 of 2013; amd §87, Pub Off L; amd §3656, Pub Auth L; amd §6-41.0, add §6-42.2, Chap 272 of 1939
2017-A11246 (ACTIVE) - Summary
Extends the city of New Rochelle occupancy tax for three years; extends the city of Rye occupancy tax for three years; extends the city of Yonkers occupancy tax for three years; extends the expiration of the authority of the county of Essex to impose an additional mortgage recording tax
2017-A11246 (ACTIVE) - Bill Text download pdf
S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K ________________________________________________________________________ 11246 I N A S S E M B L Y June 17, 2018 ___________ Introduced by COMMITTEE ON RULES -- (at request of M. of A. Heastie) -- read once and referred to the Committee on Ways and Means AN ACT to amend chapter 88 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of New Rochelle, in relation to extending the effectiveness thereof; to amend chapter 89 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of Rye, in relation to extending the effectiveness thereof; to amend chapter 62 of the laws of 2015 amending the tax law, relating to the imposition of an occu- pancy tax in the city of Yonkers, in relation to extending the effec- tiveness thereof; to amend chapter 327 of the laws of 2006, amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Essex to impose an additional mortgage recording tax, in relation to extending the expi- ration and repeal of such provisions; to amend chapter 405 of the laws of 2005 amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Albany to impose a county recording tax on obligations secured by a mortgage on real property, in relation to extending the effectiveness thereof; to amend chapter 368 of the laws of 2008, amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Warren to impose an addi- tional mortgage recording tax, in relation to extending the effective- ness thereof; to amend chapter 218 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Greene to impose an additional mortgage recording tax, in relation to extending the effec- tiveness thereof; to amend chapter 98 of the laws of 2009, amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Cattaraugus to impose an additional mortgage recording tax, in relation to extending the expiration thereof; to amend chapter 105 of the laws of 2009 amending chapter 693 of the laws of 1980 enabling the county of Albany to impose and collect taxes on occupancy of hotel or motel rooms in Albany county relating to revenues received from the collection of hotel or motel occupancy taxes, in relation to the effectiveness ther- eof; to amend the real property tax law, in relation to adjusted base proportions for assessment rolls; to amend the real property tax law, in relation to the determination of adjusted base proportions in special assessing units which are cities for the fiscal year two thou- sand nineteen; to amend the real property tax law, in relation to allowing certain special assessing units other than cities to adjust
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets [ ] is old law to be omitted. LBD16345-02-8 A. 11246 2 their current base proportions, adjusted base proportions for assess- ment rolls, and the base proportion in approved assessing units in Nassau county; to amend the local finance law, in relation to the sale of bonds and notes of the city of Buffalo; to amend the local finance law, in relation to the sale of bonds and notes of the city of New York, the issuance of bonds or notes with variable rates of interest, interest rate exchange agreements of the city of New York, the refund- ing of bonds, and the down payment for projects financed by bonds; to amend chapter 868 of the laws of 1975 constituting the New York state financial emergency act for the city of New York, in relation to a pledge and agreement of the state; and to amend chapter 142 of the laws of 2004, amending the local finance law relating to interest rate exchange agreements of the city of New York and refunding bonds of such city, in relation to the effectiveness thereof; and to amend the local finance law, in relation to bonds and notes of the city of Yonk- ers (Part A); to amend the education law and the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to authorizing the installation and use of safety cameras on school buses for the purpose of monitoring overtaking and passing of school bus violations; to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to photo speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York; to amend chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, amending the vehicle and traffic law, the public officers law and the general municipal law relating to photo speed violation moni- toring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York, in relation to making technical corrections thereto; to amend chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, amending the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law relating to establishing in a city with a popu- lation of one million or more a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices, in relation to the effectiveness thereof; to amend the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law, in relation to establishing in the city of Buffalo a demonstration program implement- ing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices; and providing for the repeal of certain provisions upon expiration thereof (Part B); to amend the public authorities law, in relation to the Nassau county interim finance authority (Part C); and to amend part B of chapter 57 of the laws of 2018, amending the public health law and other laws relating to registration of licensed home care services agencies, in relation to the moratorium on the processing and approval of applications (Part D) THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM- BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. This act enacts into law components of legislation. Each component is wholly contained within a Part identified as Part A through D. The effective date for each particular provision contained within such Part is set forth in the last section of such Part. Any provision in any section contained within a Part, including the effective date of the Part, which makes reference to a section "of this act", when used in connection with that particular component, shall be deemed to mean and refer to the corresponding section of the Part in which it is found. Section three of this act sets forth the general effective date of this act. A. 11246 3 PART A Section 1. Section 2 of chapter 88 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of New Rochelle, as amended by chapter 159 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be deemed repealed September 1, [2018] 2021. § 2. Section 2 of chapter 89 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of Rye, as amended by chapter 204 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be deemed repealed September 1, [2018] 2021. § 3. Section 2 of chapter 62 of the laws of 2015 amending the tax relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of Yonkers, is amended to read as follows: § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be deemed repealed September 1, [2018] 2021. § 4. Section 3 of chapter 327 of the laws of 2006, amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Essex to impose an additional mortgage recording tax, as amended by chapter 289 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 3. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that this act shall expire and be deemed repealed December 1, [2018] 2021. § 5. Section 2 of chapter 405 of the laws of 2005 amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Albany to impose a county record- ing tax on obligations secured by a mortgage on real property, as amended by chapter 132 of the laws of 2016, is amended to read as follows: § 2. This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall have become a law and shall expire and be deemed repealed on the first of December, [2018] 2020. § 6. Section 2 of chapter 368 of the laws of 2008, amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Warren to impose an additional mortgage recording tax, as amended by chapter 190 of the laws of 2016, is amended to read as follows: § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be deemed repealed December 1, [2018] 2020. § 7. Section 2 of chapter 218 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Greene to impose an additional mortgage recording tax, as amended by chapter 129 of the laws of 2016, is amended to read as follows: § 2. This act shall take effect on the sixtieth day after it shall have become a law and shall expire and be deemed repealed December 1, [2018] 2020. § 8. Section 2 of chapter 98 of the laws of 2009, amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Cattaraugus to impose an addi- tional mortgage recording tax, as amended by chapter 303 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be deemed repealed December 1, [2018] 2021. § 9. Section 3 of chapter 105 of the laws of 2009 amending chapter 693 of the laws of 1980 enabling the county of Albany to impose and collect taxes on occupancy of hotel or motel rooms in Albany county relating to revenues received from the collection of hotel or motel occupancy taxes, A. 11246 4 as amended by chapter 452 of the laws of 2016, is amended to read as follows: § 3. This act shall take effect upon the adoption by the county of Albany of a local law imposing in such county the additional occupancy tax authorized by this act and shall expire and be deemed repealed December 31, [2018] 2020; provided that Albany county shall notify the legislative bill drafting commission upon the occurrence of the enact- ment of such local law in order that the commission may maintain an accurate and timely effective data base of the official text of the laws of the state of New York in furtherance of effecting the provisions of section 44 of the legislative law and section 70-b of the public offi- cers law. § 10. Subparagraph (iv) of paragraph (a) of subdivision 3 of section 1903 of the real property tax law, as amended by chapter 152 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: (iv) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in an approved assessing unit in the county of Suffolk and for current base proportions to be determined by taxes based on such approved assessing unit's two thousand three - two thousand four, two thousand four - two thousand five and two thousand five - two thousand six assessment rolls, the current base proportion of any class shall not exceed the adjusted base proportion or adjusted proportion, whichever is appropriate, of the immediately preceding year by more than two percent, or in the case of the two thousand five--two thousand six, two thousand six--two thousand seven, two thousand seven--two thousand eight, two thousand eight--two thousand nine, two thousand twelve--two thousand thirteen, two thousand thirteen--two thousand fourteen, two thousand fourteen--two thousand fifteen, two thousand fifteen--two thousand sixteen, two thousand sixteen--two thousand seventeen, [and] two thousand seventeen--two thou- sand eighteen, AND TWO THOUSAND EIGHTEEN--TWO THOUSAND NINETEEN assess- ment rolls, one percent. Where the computation of current base proportions would otherwise produce such result, the current base proportion of such class or classes shall be limited to such two percent or one percent increase whichever is applicable, and the legislative body of such approved assessing unit shall alter the current base proportion of either class so that the sum of the current base proportions equals one. § 11. Subdivision 1 of section 1803-a of the real property tax law is amended by adding a new paragraph (dd) to read as follows: (DD) NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVI- SION TO THE CONTRARY, IN A SPECIAL ASSESSING UNIT WHICH IS A CITY AND FOR CURRENT BASE PROPORTIONS TO BE DETERMINED IN SUCH SPECIAL ASSESSING UNIT'S FISCAL YEAR TWO THOUSAND NINETEEN, THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTION OF ANY CLASS SHALL NOT EXCEED THE ADJUSTED BASE PROPORTION OR ADJUSTED PROPORTION, WHICHEVER IS APPROPRIATE, OF THE IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING YEAR BY MORE THAN ONE-HALF OF ONE PERCENT. WHERE THE COMPUTATION PERFORMED PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH (B) OF THIS SUBDIVISION WOULD OTHERWISE PRODUCE SUCH RESULT, THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTION OF SUCH CLASS OR CLASSES SHALL BE LIMITED TO A ONE-HALF OF ONE PERCENT INCREASE AND THE LEGISLATIVE BODY OF SUCH SPECIAL ASSESSING UNIT SHALL ALTER THE CURRENT BASE PROPOR- TION OF ANY OR ALL REMAINING CLASSES SO THAT THE SUM OF THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTIONS EQUALS ONE. § 12. In the event the special assessing unit which is a city has sent out real property tax bills for its fiscal year 2019 before this act shall have become a law, the city shall take such actions as are neces- sary, consistent with applicable state and local law, to effect the A. 11246 5 provisions of section eleven of this act, including, but not limited to, revising the current base proportions and adjusted base proportions, resetting the real property tax rates and sending amended real property tax bills. Provided, however, that nothing herein shall be deemed to affect the obligation of any taxpayer with respect to the payment of any installment of real property tax for such fiscal year which was due and payable prior to the date such amended real property tax bills are sent; for this purpose, such obligations shall be determined in accordance with the applicable provisions of law that were in effect immediately prior to the effective date of this act, and such city shall be author- ized to determine the date on which amended bills are to be sent and the installments of real property tax which are to be reflected therein. § 13. Subdivision 1 of section 1803-a of the real property tax law is amended by adding a new paragraph (ee) to read as follows: (EE) NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVI- SION TO THE CONTRARY, IN A SPECIAL ASSESSING UNIT THAT IS NOT A CITY AND FOR CURRENT BASE PROPORTIONS TO BE DETERMINED BY TAXES BASED ON SUCH SPECIAL ASSESSING UNIT'S TWO THOUSAND EIGHTEEN ASSESSMENT ROLL, THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTION OF ANY CLASS SHALL NOT EXCEED THE ADJUSTED BASE PROPORTION OR ADJUSTED PROPORTION, WHICHEVER IS APPROPRIATE, OF THE IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING YEAR BY MORE THAN ONE PERCENT. WHERE THE COMPUTA- TION PERFORMED PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH (B) OF THIS SUBDIVISION WOULD OTHERWISE PRODUCE SUCH RESULT, THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTION OF SUCH CLASS OR CLASSES SHALL BE LIMITED TO SUCH ONE PERCENT INCREASE AND THE LEGIS- LATIVE BODY OF SUCH SPECIAL ASSESSING UNIT SHALL ALTER THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTION OF ANY OR ALL REMAINING CLASSES SO THAT THE SUM OF THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTIONS EQUALS ONE. § 13-a. Paragraph (a) of subdivision 3 of section 1903 of the real property tax law is amended by adding a new subparagraph (xix) to read as follows: (XIX) NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, IN AN APPROVED ASSESSING UNIT IN THE COUNTY OF NASSAU AND FOR CURRENT BASE PROPORTIONS TO BE DETERMINED BY TAXES BASED ON SUCH APPROVED ASSESSING UNIT'S TWO THOUSAND EIGHTEEN ROLL, THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTION OF ANY CLASS SHALL NOT EXCEED THE ADJUSTED BASE PROPORTION OR ADJUSTED PROPORTION, WHICHEV- ER IS APPROPRIATE, OF THE IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING YEAR, BY MORE THAN ONE PERCENT, PROVIDED THAT SUCH APPROVED ASSESSING UNIT HAS PASSED A LOCAL LAW, ORDINANCE OR RESOLUTION PROVIDING THEREFOR. WHERE THE COMPUTATION OF CURRENT BASE PROPORTIONS WOULD OTHERWISE PRODUCE SUCH RESULT, THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTION OF SUCH CLASS OR CLASSES SHALL BE LIMITED TO SUCH ONE PERCENT INCREASE AND THE LEGISLATIVE BODY OF SUCH APPROVED ASSESSING UNIT SHALL ALTER THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTION OF EITHER CLASS SO THAT THE SUM OF THE CURRENT BASE PROPORTIONS EQUALS ONE. § 14. Section 54.30 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 62 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: § 54.30 Costs of sales; bonds and notes of the city of Buffalo. Subject to the provisions of chapter one hundred twenty-two of the laws of two thousand three creating the Buffalo fiscal stability authority, to facilitate the marketing of any issue of serial bonds or notes of the city of Buffalo issued on or before June thirtieth, two thousand [eigh- teen] NINETEEN, such city may, notwithstanding any limitations on private sales of bonds provided by law, and subject to approval by the state comptroller of the terms and conditions of such sale: (a) arrange for the underwriting of its bonds or notes at private sale through nego- tiated agreement, compensation for such underwriting to be provided by negotiated fee or by sale of such bonds or notes to an underwriter at a A. 11246 6 price of less than the sum of par value of, and the accrued interest on, such obligations; or (b) arrange for the private sale of its bonds or notes through negotiated agreement, compensation for such sales to be provided by negotiated fee, if required. The cost of such underwriting or private placement shall be deemed a preliminary cost for purposes of section 11.00 of this article. § 15. The opening paragraph of paragraph (a) of section 54.10 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: To facilitate the marketing of any issue of bonds or notes of the city of New York issued on or before June thirtieth, two thousand [eighteen] NINETEEN, the mayor and comptroller of such city may, subject to the approval of the state comptroller and the limitations on private sales of bonds and notes, respectively, provided by law: § 16. The closing paragraph of paragraph a of section 54.90 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever in the judgment of the finance board of the city of New York the interest of such city would be served thereby, the city of New York may without further approval issue bonds or notes, on or before July fifteenth, two thousand [eighteen] NINETEEN, with interest rates that vary in accordance with a formula or procedure and are subject to a maximum rate of interest set forth or referred to in the bonds or notes and may provide the holders thereof with such rights to require the city or other persons to purchase such bonds or notes or renewals thereof from the proceeds of the resale thereof or otherwise from time to time prior to the final maturity of such bonds or notes as the finance board of the city of New York may determine and the city may resell, at any time prior to final maturity, any such bonds or notes acquired as a result of the exercise of such rights; provided, however, that at no time shall the total principal amount of bonds and notes issued by the city of New York pursuant to this paragraph (other than bonds and notes (1) bearing interest at rates and for periods of time that are specified without reference to future events or contingen- cies, or (2) described in section 136.00 of this article) exceed twen- ty-five percent of the limit prescribed by section 104.00 of this arti- cle. § 17. The opening paragraph of subdivision 1 of paragraph d of section 54.90 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: On or before July fifteenth, two thousand [eighteen] NINETEEN the mayor and comptroller of the city of New York may: § 18. The opening paragraph of paragraph a of section 57.00 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: Bonds shall be sold only at public sale and in accordance with the procedure set forth in this section and sections 58.00 and 59.00 of this title, except as otherwise provided in this paragraph. Bonds may be sold at private sale to the United States government or any agency or instru- mentality thereof, the state of New York municipal bond bank agency, to any sinking fund or pension fund of the municipality, school district or district corporation selling such bonds, or, in the case of sales by the city of New York prior to July first, two thousand [eighteen] NINETEEN, also to the municipal assistance corporation for the city of New York or to any other purchaser with the consent of the mayor and the comptroller of such city and approval of the state comptroller, or, in the case of A. 11246 7 sales by the county of Nassau prior to December thirty-first, two thou- sand seven, also to the Nassau county interim finance authority with the approval of the state comptroller, or, in the case of sales by the city of Buffalo prior to June thirtieth, two thousand thirty-seven, also to the Buffalo fiscal stability authority with the approval of the state comptroller, or, in the case of bonds or other obligations of a munici- pality issued for the construction of any sewage treatment works, sewage collecting system, storm water collecting system, water management facility, air pollution control facility or solid waste disposal facili- ty, also to the New York state environmental facilities corporation, or, in the case of bonds or other obligations of a school district or a city acting on behalf of a city school district in a city having a population in excess of one hundred twenty-five thousand but less than one million inhabitants according to the latest federal census, issued to finance or refinance the cost of school district capital facilities or school district capital equipment, as defined in section sixteen hundred seven- ty-six of the public authorities law, also to the dormitory authority of the state of New York. Bonds of a river improvement or drainage district established by or under the supervision of the department of environ- mental conservation may be sold at private sale to the state of New York as investments for any funds of the state which by law may be invested, provided, however, that the rate of interest on any such bonds so sold shall be approved by the water power and control commission and the state comptroller. Bonds may also be sold at private sale as provided in section 63.00 of this title. No bonds shall be sold on option or on a deferred payment plan, except that options to purchase, effective for a period not exceeding one year, may be given: § 19. Subdivision 3 of paragraph g of section 90.00 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: 3. Outstanding bonds may, pursuant to a power to recall and redeem or with the consent of the holders thereof, be exchanged for refunding bonds (i) if the refunding bonds are to bear interest at a rate equal to or lower than that borne by the bonds to be refunded or (ii) if, in the case of the city of New York prior to July first, two thousand [eigh- teen] NINETEEN, the annual payment required for principal and interest on the refunding bond is less than the annual payment required for prin- cipal and interest on the bond to be refunded, in each case such annual payments to be determined by dividing the total principal and interest payments due over the remaining life of the bond by the number of years to maturity of the bond or (iii) if the bonds to be refunded were issued by the city of New York after June thirtieth, nineteen hundred seventy- eight and prior to July first, two thousand [eighteen] NINETEEN and contain covenants referring to the existence of the New York state financial control board for the city of New York or any other covenants relating to matters other than the prompt payment of principal and interest on the obligations when due and the refunding bond omits or modifies any such covenant. § 20. Subdivision 8 of paragraph d of section 107.00 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: 8. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the financing by the city of New York prior to July first, two thousand [eighteen] NINETEEN of any object or purpose which has a period of probable usefulness determined by law by the issuance of any bonds or notes, including (i) the issuance of bonds or notes to obtain reimbursement for funds hereto- A. 11246 8 fore advanced for the object or purpose for which the bonds or notes are being issued, (ii) the issuance of bonds or notes to redeem notes previ- ously issued for the object or purpose for which the bonds or notes are being issued or (iii) the issuance of bonds to refund bonds previously issued for the object or purpose for which bonds are being issued. § 21. Subdivision 1 of section 10-a of section 2 of chapter 868 of the laws of 1975, constituting the New York state financial emergency act for the city of New York, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: 1. In the event that after the date on which the provisions of this act become operative, any notes or bonds are issued by the city prior to July 1, [2018] 2019, or any bonds are issued by a state financing agen- cy, the state of New York hereby authorizes the city and authorizes and requires such state financing agency to include a pledge and agreement of the state of New York in any agreement made by the city or such state financing agency with holders or guarantors of such notes or bonds that the state will not take any action which will (a) substantially impair the authority of the board during a control period, as defined in subdi- vision twelve of section two of this act as in effect on the date such notes or bonds are issued (i) to approve, disapprove, or modify any financial plan or financial plan modification, including the revenue projections (or any item thereof) contained therein, subject to the standards set forth in paragraphs a, c, d, e and f of subdivision one of section eight of this act as in effect on the date such notes or bonds are issued and paragraph b of such subdivision as in effect from time to time, (ii) to disapprove a contract of the city or a covered organiza- tion if the performance of such contract would be inconsistent with the financial plan or to approve or disapprove proposed short-term or long- term borrowing of the city or a covered organization or any agreement or other arrangement referred to in subdivision four of section seven of this act, or (iii) to establish and adopt procedures with respect to the deposit in and disbursement from the board fund of city revenues; (b) substantially impair the authority of the board to review financial plans, financial plan modifications, contracts of the city or the covered organizations and proposed short-term or long-term borrowings of the city and the covered organizations; (c) substantially impair the independent maintenance of a separate fund for the payment of debt service on bonds and notes of the city; (d) alter the composition of the board so that the majority of the voting members of the board are not officials of the state of New York elected in a state-wide election or appointees of the governor; (e) terminate the existence of the board prior to the time to be determined in accordance with section thirteen of this act as in effect on the date such notes or bonds are issued; (f) substantially modify the requirement that the city's financial state- ments be audited by a nationally recognized independent certified public accounting firm or consortium of firms and that a report on such audit be furnished to the board; or (g) alter the definition of a control period set forth in subdivision twelve of section two of this act, as in effect on the date such notes or bonds are issued, or substantially alter the authority of the board, as set forth in said subdivision to reimpose or terminate a control period; provided, however, that the foregoing pledge and agreement shall be of no further force and effect if at any time (i) there is on deposit in a separate trust account with a bank, trust company or other fiduciary sufficient moneys or direct obligations of the United States or obligations guaranteed by the United States, the principal of and/or interest on which will provide moneys to A. 11246 9 pay punctually when due at maturity or prior to maturity by redemption, in accordance with their terms, all principal of and interest on all outstanding notes and bonds of the city or such state financing agency containing this pledge and agreement and irrevocable instructions from the city or such state financing agency to such bank, trust company or other fiduciary for such payment of such principal and interest with such moneys shall have been given, or (ii) such notes and bonds, togeth- er with interest thereon, have been paid in full at maturity or have otherwise been refunded, redeemed, defeased, or discharged; and provided further that the foregoing pledge and agreement shall be of full force and effect upon its inclusion in any agreement made by the city or state financing agency with holders or guarantors of such notes or bonds. Upon payment for such obligations issued pursuant to this act by the original and all subsequent holders inclusion of the foregoing covenant shall be deemed conclusive evidence of valuable consideration received by the state and city for such covenant and of reliance upon such pledge and agreement by any such holder. The state hereby grants any such bene- fited holder the right to sue the state in a court of competent juris- diction and enforce this covenant and agreement and waives all rights of defense based on sovereign immunity in such an action or suit. § 22. Section 5 of chapter 142 of the laws of 2004, amending the local finance law relating to interest rate exchange agreements of the city of New York and refunding bonds of such city, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: § 5. This act shall take effect immediately, provided, that section three of this act shall expire and be deemed repealed July 15, [2018] 2019. § 23. Section 54.40 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 44 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: § 54.40 Bonds and notes of the city of Yonkers. Subject to the provisions of the New York state financial emergency act of nineteen hundred eighty-four for the city of Yonkers, to facilitate the marketing of any issue of serial bonds or notes of the city of Yonkers issued on or before June thirtieth, two thousand [eighteen] NINETEEN, such city may, notwithstanding any limitations on private sales of bonds provided by law, and subject to approval by the state comptroller of the terms and conditions of such sale: (a) arrange for the underwriting of its bonds or notes at private sale through negotiated agreement, compen- sation for such underwriting to be provided by negotiated fee or by sale of such bonds or notes to an underwriter at a price of less than the sum of par value of, and the accrued interest on, such obligations; or (b) arrange for the private sale of its bonds or notes through negotiated agreement, compensation for such sales to be provided by negotiated fee, if required. The cost of such underwriting or private placement shall be deemed a preliminary cost for purposes of section 11.00 of this article. § 24. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that section thirteen of this act shall apply to the levy of taxes based on the 2018 assessment roll in a special assessing unit that is not a city and that section thirteen-a of this act shall apply to the levy of taxes based on the 2018 assessment roll in approved assessing units in the county of Nassau that pass a local law, ordinance or resolution to adopt these provisions. PART B A. 11246 10 Section 1. Legislative findings and intent. The transportation of school children to and from school is an important component of the state's obligation to ensure adequate support of a public school system for the education of all children of the State. Safely transporting students to and from school is necessary to afford all children of the State an education. School bus cameras and speed cameras in school zones contribute to students' safety and reduce unnecessary dangers students face when travelling to school. Furthermore, high population cities in New York have more students living in close proximity to the students' schools, so the use of photo enforcement to deter motorists from passing stopped school buses and speeding in school zones helps to ensure that students are less at risk when walking or riding to and from school. Therefore, the legislature finds and declares that it is a substantial state concern, with an impact well beyond a single munici- pality, to ensure safe access to schools through the use of photo enforcement as provided in this act. § 2. Section 1604 of the education law is amended by adding a new subdivision 43 to read as follows: 43. TO PASS, IN THE DISCRETION OF THE TRUSTEES, A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZ- ING THE USE OF SCHOOL BUS CAMERAS PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTEEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, PROVIDED THAT THE TRUSTEES MAY ALSO ENTER INTO CONTRACTS WITH A THIRD PARTY FOR THE INSTALLATION, ADMINISTRATION, OPERATION, NOTICE PROCESSING, AND MAINTENANCE OF SUCH CAMERAS, AND FOR THE SHARING OF REVENUE DERIVED FROM SUCH CAMERAS PURSU- ANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTEEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, PROVIDED THAT THE PURCHASE, LEASE, INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND MAINTE- NANCE, OR ANY OTHER COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH CAMERAS SHALL NOT BE CONSIDERED AN AIDABLE EXPENSE PURSUANT TO SECTION THIRTY-SIX HUNDRED TWENTY-THREE-A OF THIS CHAPTER. § 3. Section 1709 of the education law is amended by adding a new subdivision 43 to read as follows: 43. TO PASS A RESOLUTION, IN THE DISCRETION OF THE BOARD, AUTHORIZING THE USE OF SCHOOL BUS CAMERAS PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGH- TEEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, PROVIDED THAT THE BOARD MAY ALSO ENTER INTO CONTRACTS WITH A THIRD PARTY FOR THE INSTALLATION, ADMINIS- TRATION, OPERATION, NOTICE PROCESSING, AND MAINTENANCE OF SUCH CAMERAS, AND FOR THE SHARING OF REVENUE DERIVED FROM SUCH CAMERAS PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTEEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, PROVIDED THAT THE PURCHASE, LEASE, INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE, OR ANY OTHER COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH CAMERAS SHALL NOT BE CONSIDERED AN AIDABLE EXPENSE PURSUANT TO SECTION THIRTY-SIX HUNDRED TWENTY-THREE-A OF THIS CHAPTER. § 4. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 1118 to read as follows: § 1118. OWNER LIABILITY FOR OPERATOR ILLEGALLY OVERTAKING OR PASSING A SCHOOL BUS. (A) 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, EACH BOARD OF EDUCATION OR TRUSTEES OF A SCHOOL DISTRICT IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED AND EMPOWERED TO ADOPT AND AMEND A RESOLUTION ESTABLISHING A SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA PROGRAM IMPOSING MONETARY LIABILITY ON THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE FOR FAILURE OF AN OPERATOR THEREOF TO COMPLY WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. SUCH PROGRAM SHALL EMPOWER A BOARD OF EDUCATION OR SCHOOL DISTRICT OR SCHOOL BUS TRANSPORTATION CONTRACTOR THAT HAS CONTRACTED WITH SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT TO INSTALL SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS UPON SCHOOL BUSES OPERATED BY OR CONTRACTED WITH SUCH DISTRICT. A. 11246 11 2. SUCH PROGRAM SHALL UTILIZE NECESSARY TECHNOLOGIES TO ENSURE, TO THE EXTENT PRACTICABLE, THAT PHOTOGRAPHS PRODUCED BY SUCH SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS SHALL NOT INCLUDE IMAGES THAT IDENTIFY THE DRIVER, THE PASSEN- GERS, OR THE CONTENTS OF THE VEHICLE. PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT NO NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE DISMISSED SOLELY BECAUSE A PHOTOGRAPH OR PHOTOGRAPHS ALLOW FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE CONTENTS OF A VEHICLE, PROVIDED THAT SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT HAS MADE A REASONABLE EFFORT TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH. (B) IN ANY SCHOOL DISTRICT WHICH HAS ADOPTED A RESOLUTION PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION, THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IF SUCH VEHICLE WAS USED OR OPERATED WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE OWNER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE, AND SUCH VIOLATION IS EVIDENCED BY INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM A SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA; PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WHERE THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE HAS BEEN CONVICTED OF THE UNDERLYING VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. (C) FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, "OWNER" SHALL HAVE THE MEANING PROVIDED IN ARTICLE TWO-B OF THIS CHAPTER. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, "SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA" SHALL MEAN AN AUTOMATED PHOTO MONITORING DEVICE AFFIXED TO THE OUTSIDE OF A SCHOOL BUS AND DESIGNATED TO DETECT AND STORE ONE OR MORE IMAGES OF MOTOR VEHICLES THAT OVERTAKE OR PASS SCHOOL BUSES IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. (D) NO SCHOOL DISTRICT OR SCHOOL BUS TRANSPORTATION CONTRACTOR THAT HAS INSTALLED CAMERAS PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL ACCESS THE IMAGES FROM SUCH CAMERAS BUT SHALL PROVIDE, PURSUANT TO AN AGREEMENT WITH THE APPROPRIATE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY OR AGENCIES, FOR THE PROPER HANDLING AND CUSTODY OF SUCH IMAGES FOR THE FORWARDING OF SUCH IMAGES FROM SUCH CAMERAS TO A LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY HAVING JURISDICTION IN THE AREA IN WHICH THE VIOLATION OCCURRED FOR THE PURPOSE OF IMPOSING MONETARY LIABILITY ON THE OWNER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE FOR ILLEGALLY OVERTAKING OR PASSING A SCHOOL BUS IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. AFTER RECEIPT OF SUCH IMAGES A POLICE OFFICER SHALL INSPECT SUCH IMAGES TO DETERMINE WHETHER A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE WAS COMMITTED. UPON SUCH A FINDING A CERTIFICATE, SWORN TO OR AFFIRMED BY AN OFFICER OF SUCH AGENCY, OR A FACSIMILE THEREOF, BASED UPON INSPECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY A SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA, SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. ANY PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTO- GRAPHS OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES EVIDENCING SUCH A VIOLATION SHALL BE AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION IN ANY PROCEEDING TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY FOR SUCH VIOLATION. (E) AN OWNER FOUND LIABLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A MONETARY PENALTY OF TWO HUNDRED FIFTY DOLLARS. (E-1) PAYMENT OF THE MONETARY PENALTY IMPOSED BY SUBDIVISION (E) OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE PAYABLE TO THE MUNICIPALITY WHERE THE VIOLATION OCCURRED, PROVIDED HOWEVER, THE SCHOOL DISTRICT SHALL BE ENTITLED TO A PORTION OF THE MONETARY PENALTY THAT EQUALS THE COST TO THE SCHOOL DISTRICT OF PURCHASING AND MAINTAINING THE CAMERAS. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL PREVENT THE MUNICIPALITY FROM ENTERING INTO A MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTAND- ING WITH THE SCHOOL DISTRICT TO RETURN AN ADDITIONAL PORTION OF SUCH PENALTY RECEIVED TO THE SCHOOL DISTRICT. A. 11246 12 (F) AN IMPOSITION OF LIABILITY UNDER THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE DEEMED A CONVICTION AS AN OPERATOR AND SHALL NOT BE MADE PART OF THE OPERATING RECORD OF THE PERSON UPON WHOM SUCH LIABILITY IS IMPOSED NOR SHALL IT BE USED FOR INSURANCE PURPOSES IN THE PROVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE COVERAGE. (G) 1. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE SENT BY THE RESPECTIVE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO EACH PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION. PERSONAL DELIVERY ON THE OWNER SHALL NOT BE REQUIRED. A MANUAL OR AUTOMATIC RECORD OF MAILING PREPARED IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. 2. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, THE REGISTRATION NUMBER OF THE VEHICLE INVOLVED IN SUCH VIOLATION, THE LOCATION WHERE SUCH VIOLATION TOOK PLACE, THE DATE AND TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION AND THE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THE CAMERA WHICH RECORDED THE VIOLATION OR OTHER DOCUMENT LOCATOR NUMBER. 3. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN INFORMATION ADVISING THE PERSON CHARGED OF THE MANNER AND THE TIME IN WHICH HE MAY CONTEST THE LIABILITY ALLEGED IN THE NOTICE. SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL ALSO CONTAIN A WARNING TO ADVISE THE PERSONS CHARGED THAT FAILURE TO CONTEST IN THE MANNER AND TIME PROVIDED SHALL BE DEEMED AN ADMISSION OF LIABIL- ITY AND THAT A DEFAULT JUDGEMENT MAY BE ENTERED THEREON. 4. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE PREPARED AND MAILED BY THE RESPEC- TIVE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY HAVING JURISDICTION OVER THE LOCATION WHERE THE VIOLATION OCCURRED. (H) ADJUDICATION OF THE LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS BY THIS SECTION SHALL BE BY A TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU ESTABLISHED PURSUANT TO SECTION THREE HUNDRED SEVENTY OF THE GENERAL MUNICIPAL LAW OR, IF THERE BE NONE, BY THE COURT HAVING JURISDICTION OVER TRAFFIC INFRACTIONS, EXCEPT THAT ANY CITY WHICH HAS ESTABLISHED OR DESIGNATED AN ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL TO HEAR AND DETERMINE OWNER LIABILITY ESTABLISHED BY THIS ARTICLE FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH TRAFFIC-CONTROL INDICATIONS SHALL USE SUCH TRIBU- NAL TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY IMPOSED BY THIS SECTION. (I) IF AN OWNER RECEIVES A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION FOR ANY TIME PERIOD DURING WHICH THE VEHICLE WAS REPORTED TO A POLICE DEPARTMENT AS HAVING BEEN STOLEN, IT SHALL BE A VALID DEFENSE TO AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION THAT THE VEHICLE HAD BEEN REPORTED TO THE POLICE AS STOLEN PRIOR TO THE TIME THE VIOLATION OCCURRED AND HAD NOT BEEN RECOVERED BY SUCH TIME. FOR PURPOSES OF ASSERTING THE DEFENSE PROVIDED BY THIS SUBDIVISION IT SHALL BE SUFFICIENT THAT A CERTIFIED COPY OF THE POLICE REPORT ON THE STOLEN VEHICLE BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO THE TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU, COURT HAVING JURISDICTION OR PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU. (J) WHERE THE ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IS BY AN ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL, TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU, OR A COURT HAVING JURISDICTION, AN OWNER WHO IS A LESSOR OF A VEHICLE TO WHICH A NOTICE OF LIABILITY WAS ISSUED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVI- SION (G) OF THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR THE VIOLATION OF SUBDI- VISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE, PROVIDED THAT HE OR SHE SENDS TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL, TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU, OR COURT HAVING JURISDICTION A COPY OF THE RENTAL, LEASE OR OTHER SUCH CONTRACT DOCUMENT COVERING SUCH VEHICLE ON THE DATE A. 11246 13 OF THE VIOLATION, WITH THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE LESSEE CLEARLY LEGI- BLE, WITHIN THIRTY-SEVEN DAYS AFTER RECEIVING NOTICE FROM THE BUREAU OR COURT OF THE DATE AND TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION, TOGETHER WITH THE OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE ORIGINAL NOTICE OF LIABILITY. FAILURE TO SEND SUCH INFORMATION WITHIN SUCH THIRTY-SEVEN DAY TIME PERIOD SHALL RENDER THE OWNER LIABLE FOR THE PENALTY PRESCRIBED BY THIS SECTION. WHERE THE LESSOR COMPLIES WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH, THE LESSEE OF SUCH VEHICLE ON THE DATE OF SUCH VIOLATION SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE OWNER OF SUCH VEHICLE FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, SHALL BE SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR THE VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION AND SHALL BE SENT A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (G) OF THIS SECTION. (K) 1. IF THE OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WAS NOT THE OPERATOR OF THE VEHICLE AT THE TIME OF THE VIOLATION, THE OWNER MAY MAINTAIN AN ACTION FOR INDEMNIFICATION AGAINST THE OPERATOR. 2. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF THIS SECTION, NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE SUBJECT TO A MONETARY FINE IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IF THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS OPERATING SUCH VEHICLE WITH- OUT THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME SUCH OPERATOR WAS FOUND TO HAVE BEEN OVERTAKING OR PASSING A SCHOOL BUS. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SUBDIVI- SION THERE SHALL BE A PRESUMPTION THAT THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS OPERATING SUCH VEHICLE WITH THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME SUCH OPERATOR WAS FOUND TO HAVE BEEN OVERTAKING OR PASSING A SCHOOL BUS. (L) NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO LIMIT THE LIABILITY OF AN OPERATOR OF A VEHICLE FOR ANY VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE. (M) IN ANY SCHOOL DISTRICT WHICH ADOPTS A SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERA PROGRAM PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION, SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT SHALL SUBMIT AN ANNUAL REPORT ON THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF ITS SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS TO THE GOVERNOR, THE TEMPORARY PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE AND THE SPEAKER OF THE ASSEMBLY ON OR BEFORE JUNE FIRST, TWO THOUSAND NINETEEN AND ON THE SAME DATE IN EACH SUCCEEDING YEAR IN WHICH THE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IS OPERABLE. SUCH REPORT SHALL INCLUDE, BUT NOT BE LIMITED TO: 1. A DESCRIPTION OF THE NUMBER OF BUSES AND ROUTES WHERE SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS WERE USED; 2. THE AGGREGATE NUMBER OF ANNUAL INCIDENTS OF VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVI- SION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE WITHIN THE DISTRICTS; 3. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS IN THE AGGREGATE AND ON A DAILY, WEEKLY AND MONTHLY BASIS; 4. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF NOTICES OF LIABILITY ISSUED FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 5. THE NUMBER OF FINES AND TOTAL AMOUNT OF FINES PAID AFTER FIRST NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 6. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS ADJUDICATED AND RESULTS OF SUCH ADJUDI- CATIONS INCLUDING BREAKDOWNS OF DISPOSITIONS MADE FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 7. THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF REVENUE REALIZED BY SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT FROM SUCH ADJUDICATIONS; 8. EXPENSES INCURRED BY SUCH SCHOOL DISTRICT IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROGRAM; AND 9. QUALITY OF THE ADJUDICATION PROCESS AND ITS RESULTS. A. 11246 14 (N) IT SHALL BE A DEFENSE TO ANY PROSECUTION FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDI- VISION (A) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED SEVENTY-FOUR OF THIS TITLE THAT SUCH SCHOOL BUS SAFETY CAMERAS WERE MALFUNCTIONING AT THE TIME OF THE ALLEGED VIOLATION. § 5. Paragraph 1 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, is amended to read as follows: 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the city of New York is hereby authorized to establish a demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with posted maximum speed limits in a school speed zone within [the] SUCH city (i) when a school speed limit is in effect as provided in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article or (ii) when other speed limits are in effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on school days during school hours and one hour before and one hour after the school day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school and up to thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes immediately after such student activities. Such demonstration program shall empower the city OF NEW YORK to install photo speed violation monitoring systems within no more than [one hundred forty] TWO HUNDRED NINETY school speed zones within [the] SUCH city at any one time and to operate such systems within such zones (iii) when a school speed limit is in effect as provided in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article or (iv) when other speed limits are in effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on school days during school hours and one hour before and one hour after the school day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school and up to thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes imme- diately after such student activities. In selecting a school speed zone in which to install and operate a photo speed violation monitoring system, the city OF NEW YORK shall consider criteria including, but not limited to, the speed data, crash history, and the roadway geometry applicable to such school speed zone. SUCH CITY SHALL PRIORITIZE THE PLACEMENT OF PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS IN SCHOOL SPEED ZONES BASED UPON SPEED DATA OR THE CRASH HISTORY OF A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE. A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL NOT BE INSTALLED OR OPERATED ON A CONTROLLED-ACCESS HIGHWAY EXIT RAMP OR WITHIN THREE HUNDRED FEET ALONG A HIGHWAY THAT CONTINUES FROM THE END OF A CONT- ROLLED-ACCESS HIGHWAY EXIT RAMP. § 6. Paragraph 2 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: 2. No photo speed violation monitoring system shall be used in a school speed zone unless (i) on the day it is to be used it has success- fully passed a self-test of its functions; and (ii) it has undergone an annual calibration check performed pursuant to paragraph four of this subdivision. The city [may] SHALL install signs giving notice that a photo speed violation monitoring system is in use to be mounted on advance warning signs notifying APPROACHING motor vehicle operators of such upcoming school speed zone and/or on speed limit signs applicable within such school speed zone, in conformance with standards established in the MUTCD. SUCH ADVANCE WARNING SIGNS SHALL ALSO, TO THE EXTENT AUTHORIZED BY THE MUTCD, CONTAIN THE WORDS "SPEED CAMERA AHEAD" AND BE A. 11246 15 NO MORE THAN THREE HUNDRED FEET FROM SUCH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITOR- ING SYSTEM. § 7. Paragraph 4 of subdivision (c) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: 4. "school speed zone" shall mean a RADIAL distance not to exceed one thousand three hundred twenty feet [on a highway passing] FROM a school building, entrance, or exit [of a school abutting on the highway]. § 8. Subdivision (n) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: (n) If the city adopts a demonstration program pursuant to subdivision [one] (A) of this section it shall conduct a study and submit [a] AN ANNUAL report on the results of the use of photo devices to the gover- nor, the temporary president of the senate and the speaker of the assem- bly ON OR BEFORE JUNE FIRST, TWO THOUSAND NINETEEN AND ON THE SAME DATE IN EACH SUCCEEDING YEAR IN WHICH THE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IS OPERABLE. Such report shall include: 1. the locations where and dates when photo speed violation monitoring systems were used; 2. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, injuries and property damage reported within all school speed zones within the city, to the extent the information is maintained by the department of motor vehicles of this state; 3. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, injuries and property damage reported within school speed zones where photo speed violation monitoring systems were used, to the extent the information is maintained by the department of motor vehicles of this state; 4. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones within the city, in the aggregate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 5. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used, in the aggre- gate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 6. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones within the city that were: (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; and (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 7. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used that were: (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; and (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 8. the total number of notices of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems; 9. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the first notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems; A. 11246 16 10. the number of violations adjudicated and the results of such adju- dications including breakdowns of dispositions made for violations recorded by such systems; 11. the total amount of revenue realized by the city in connection with the program; 12. the expenses incurred by the city in connection with the program; [and] 13. the quality of the adjudication process and its results; AND 14. THE EFFECTIVENESS AND ADEQUACY OF THE HOURS OF OPERATION FOR SUCH PROGRAM TO DETERMINE THE IMPACT ON SPEEDING VIOLATIONS AND PREVENTION OF CRASHES. § 9. The opening paragraph of section 12 of chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, amending the vehicle and traffic law, the public officers law and the general municipal law relating to photo speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York, is amended to read as follows: This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall have become a law [and]; PROVIDED THAT SECTIONS ONE THROUGH TEN OF THIS ACT shall expire 4 years after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of SUCH SECTIONS OF this act shall be deemed repealed; and provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effec- tive date, provided that: § 10. The opening paragraph of section 15 of chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, amending the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law relating to establishing in a city with a population of one million or more a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices, is amended to read as follows: This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall have become a law and shall expire [5 years after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of this act shall] AND be deemed repealed JULY 1, 2022; and provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effective date, provided that: § 11. Photo speed violation monitoring systems within the additional 150 school speed zones authorized for the city of New York by paragraph 1 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section one of this act, shall be authorized to be installed over the 3 year period following the effective date of this act as follows: (a) in no more than 50 school speed zones during the first such year; (b) in no more than 50 additional school speed zones during the second such year; and (c) in no more than 50 additional school speed zones during the third such year. § 12. Subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions consti- tuting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred A. 11246 17 eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of such section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-a. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE A. 11246 18 LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-b. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivi- sion (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- ter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-c. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen A. 11246 19 hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-d. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners for violations of subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-e. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS A. 11246 20 OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-f. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, OR TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 12-g. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as separately amended by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972 and chapter 379 of the laws of 1992, is amended to read as follows: § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, OR TO ADJU- DICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. § 13. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section eleven A. 11246 21 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- en of this chapter in accordance with such section eleven hundred eleven-a, sections eleven hundred eleven-b as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thou- sand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d or section eleven hundred eleven-e and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty and shall adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. Such tribunal, except in a city with a population of one million or more, shall also have jurisdiction of abandoned vehicle violations. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regu- lation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 13-a. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- en of this chapter in accordance with such sections eleven hundred eleven-b as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d or section eleven hundred eleven-e; and shall adjudi- cate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section and shall adjudicate liability of owners for violations of subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addi- tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include A. 11246 22 the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 13-b. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section; and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter; AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEV- EN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehi- cle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 13-c. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf- fic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commis- sioner. § 13-d. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), A. 11246 23 (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf- fic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commis- sioner. § 13-e. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stop- ping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 13-f. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, is amended to read as follows: 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation AND SHALL ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addi- tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. § 14. Section 237 of the vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new subdivision 16 to read as follows: 16. TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVI- SION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAP- TER. § 15. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article, but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, and shall A. 11246 24 not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-a. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-b. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-c. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. A. 11246 25 § 15-d. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-e. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 4-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 15-f. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 180 of the laws of 1980, is amended to read as follows: f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. § 16. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 5 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the A. 11246 26 director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading or contesting that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty- five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 16-a. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading or contesting that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven A. 11246 27 hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hear- ing. § 16-b. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liabil- ity, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hear- ing. § 16-c. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section elev- en hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON A. 11246 28 ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hear- ing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 16-d. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter contests such alle- gation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- eon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, is being contested, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 16-e. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, as amended by section 5-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: A. 11246 29 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter contests such allegation, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- eon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 16-f. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- fic law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, and subdivision 1-a as added by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended to read as follows: 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty, OR A PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER CONTESTS SUCH ALLEGATION, the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- eon. 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been entered, OR THE BUREAU HAS BEEN NOTIFIED THAT AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER IS BEING CONTESTED, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. § 17. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi- cle and traffic law, as amended by section 6 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in A. 11246 30 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allega- tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter is contested or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter is contested or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public author- ities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty is contested or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or OF a hearing at which liabil- ity in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR OF A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-a. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or OF a hearing at which liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR OF A HEAR- ING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. A. 11246 31 § 17-b. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or of a hear- ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or OF a hearing at which liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR OF A HEAR- ING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-c. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or OF a hear- ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR OF A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-d. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter is contested or a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR A A. 11246 32 HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-e. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER is contested. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 17-f. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, are amended to read as follows: a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation OR AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty OR A HEARING AT WHICH LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER. Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. § 18. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or the record of liabil- ities incurred in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR IN THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll main- tained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpay- ment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance A. 11246 33 with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR FAILS TO CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead or contest, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twen- ty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liabil- ity in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty alleged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter alleged, OR LIABILITY IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR A. 11246 34 CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, as appropriate, or making an appear- ance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered and allegations contested within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea or contesting an allegation. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 18-a. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustain- ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR FAILS TO CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, contest, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date A. 11246 35 prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, or liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or liability in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter alleged, OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, as appropri- ate, or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered and allegations contested within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of opera- tors or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea or contesting an allegation. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustain- ing them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 18-b. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable, A. 11246 36 prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustain- ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR FAILS TO CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or alleged liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or alleged liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR ALLEGED LIABILITY IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allega- tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGA- TION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. A. 11246 37 § 18-c. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penal- ties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- gation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR FAILS TO CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter alleged, OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allega- tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default A. 11246 38 judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 18-d. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the person charged OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determi- nations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records show- ing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- gation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter alleged OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABIL- ITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER A. 11246 39 or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 18-e. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 7-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER OF THE PERSON CHARGED, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determi- nations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records show- ing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR CONTEST AN ALLE- GATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged OR LIABILITY IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of A. 11246 40 impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-resi- dents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 18-f. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, and subdivision 2 as amended by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended to read as follows: 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- mines that the charges have been sustained he may examine the prior parking violations record OR THE RECORD OF LIABILITIES INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER of the person charged, AS APPLICABLE, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a parking violation OR CONTEST AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY INCURRED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or fails to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged OR LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER ALLEGED, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea OR CONTESTING AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to addi- tional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shall A. 11246 41 impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. § 19. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 1180-d to read as follows: § 1180-D. OWNER LIABILITY FOR FAILURE OF OPERATOR TO COMPLY WITH CERTAIN POSTED MAXIMUM SPEED LIMITS. (A) 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, THE CITY OF BUFFALO IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED TO ESTABLISH A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IMPOSING MONETARY LIABILITY ON THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE FOR FAILURE OF AN OPERATOR THEREOF TO COMPLY WITH POSTED MAXIMUM SPEED LIMITS IN A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE WITHIN THE CITY (I) WHEN A SCHOOL SPEED LIMIT IS IN EFFECT AS PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPHS ONE AND TWO OF SUBDI- VISION (C) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE OR (II) WHEN OTHER SPEED LIMITS ARE IN EFFECT AS PROVIDED IN SUBDIVISION (B), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE DURING THE FOLLOWING TIMES: (A) ON SCHOOL DAYS DURING SCHOOL HOURS AND ONE HOUR BEFORE AND ONE HOUR AFTER THE SCHOOL DAY, AND (B) A PERIOD DURING STUDENT ACTIVITIES AT THE SCHOOL AND UP TO THIRTY MINUTES IMMEDIATELY BEFORE AND UP TO THIRTY MINUTES IMMEDIATELY AFTER SUCH STUDENT ACTIV- ITIES. SUCH DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM SHALL EMPOWER THE CITY TO INSTALL PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS WITHIN NO MORE THAN TWENTY SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WITHIN THE CITY AT ANY ONE TIME AND TO OPERATE SUCH SYSTEMS WITHIN SUCH ZONES (III) WHEN A SCHOOL SPEED LIMIT IS IN EFFECT AS PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPHS ONE AND TWO OF SUBDIVISION (C) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE OR (IV) WHEN OTHER SPEED LIMITS ARE IN EFFECT AS PROVIDED IN SUBDIVISION (B), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE DURING THE FOLLOWING TIMES: (A) ON SCHOOL DAYS DURING SCHOOL HOURS AND ONE HOUR BEFORE AND ONE HOUR AFTER THE SCHOOL DAY, AND (B) A PERIOD DURING STUDENT ACTIVITIES AT THE SCHOOL AND UP TO THIRTY MINUTES IMMEDIATELY BEFORE AND UP TO THIRTY MINUTES IMMEDIATELY AFTER SUCH STUDENT ACTIVITIES. IN SELECTING A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE IN WHICH TO INSTALL AND OPERATE A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM, THE CITY SHALL CONSIDER CRITERIA INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE SPEED DATA, CRASH HISTORY, AND THE ROADWAY GEOMETRY APPLICABLE TO SUCH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE. 2. NO PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL BE USED IN A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE UNLESS (I) ON THE DAY IT IS TO BE USED IT HAS SUCCESS- FULLY PASSED A SELF-TEST OF ITS FUNCTIONS; AND (II) IT HAS UNDERGONE AN ANNUAL CALIBRATION CHECK PERFORMED PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH FOUR OF THIS SUBDIVISION. THE CITY SHALL INSTALL SIGNS GIVING NOTICE THAT A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM IS IN USE TO BE MOUNTED ON ADVANCE WARNING SIGNS NOTIFYING MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATORS OF SUCH UPCOMING SCHOOL SPEED ZONE AND/OR ON SPEED LIMIT SIGNS APPLICABLE WITHIN SUCH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE, IN CONFORMANCE WITH STANDARDS ESTABLISHED IN THE MUTCD. 3. OPERATORS OF PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS SHALL HAVE COMPLETED TRAINING IN THE PROCEDURES FOR SETTING UP, TESTING, AND OPER- ATING SUCH SYSTEMS. EACH SUCH OPERATOR SHALL COMPLETE AND SIGN A DAILY SET-UP LOG FOR EACH SUCH SYSTEM THAT HE OR SHE OPERATES THAT (I) STATES THE DATE AND TIME WHEN, AND THE LOCATION WHERE, THE SYSTEM WAS SET UP THAT DAY, AND (II) STATES THAT SUCH OPERATOR SUCCESSFULLY PERFORMED, AND THE SYSTEM PASSED, THE SELF-TESTS OF SUCH SYSTEM BEFORE PRODUCING A RECORDED IMAGE THAT DAY. THE CITY SHALL RETAIN EACH SUCH DAILY LOG UNTIL THE LATER OF THE DATE ON WHICH THE PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITOR- ING SYSTEM TO WHICH IT APPLIES HAS BEEN PERMANENTLY REMOVED FROM USE OR THE FINAL RESOLUTION OF ALL CASES INVOLVING NOTICES OF LIABILITY ISSUED BASED ON PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEO OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY SUCH SYSTEM. A. 11246 42 4. EACH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL UNDERGO AN ANNU- AL CALIBRATION CHECK PERFORMED BY AN INDEPENDENT CALIBRATION LABORATORY WHICH SHALL ISSUE A SIGNED CERTIFICATE OF CALIBRATION. THE CITY SHALL KEEP EACH SUCH ANNUAL CERTIFICATE OF CALIBRATION ON FILE UNTIL THE FINAL RESOLUTION OF ALL CASES INVOLVING A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED DURING SUCH YEAR WHICH WERE BASED ON PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY SUCH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITOR- ING SYSTEM. 5. (I) SUCH DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM SHALL UTILIZE NECESSARY TECHNOLOGIES TO ENSURE, TO THE EXTENT PRACTICABLE, THAT PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTO- GRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY SUCH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS SHALL NOT INCLUDE IMAGES THAT IDENTIFY THE DRIVER, THE PASSENGERS, OR THE CONTENTS OF THE VEHICLE. PROVIDED, HOWEV- ER, THAT NO NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE DISMISSED SOLELY BECAUSE SUCH A PHOTOGRAPH, MICROPHOTOGRAPH, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGE ALLOWS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE DRIVER, THE PASSENGERS, OR THE CONTENTS OF VEHICLES WHERE THE CITY SHOWS THAT IT MADE REASONABLE EFFORTS TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH IN SUCH CASE. (II) PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR ANY OTHER RECORDED IMAGE FROM A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL BE FOR THE EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE CITY FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE ADJUDICATION OF LIABIL- ITY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION AND OF THE OWNER RECEIVING A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, AND SHALL BE DESTROYED BY THE CITY UPON THE FINAL RESOLUTION OF THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY TO WHICH SUCH PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES RELATE, OR ONE YEAR FOLLOWING THE DATE OF ISSUANCE OF SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY, WHICHEVER IS LATER. NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF ANY OTHER LAW, RULE OR REGULATION TO THE CONTRARY, PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTO- GRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR ANY OTHER RECORDED IMAGE FROM A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM SHALL NOT BE OPEN TO THE PUBLIC, NOR SUBJECT TO CIVIL OR CRIMINAL PROCESS OR DISCOVERY, NOR USED BY ANY COURT OR ADMINISTRATIVE OR ADJUDICATORY BODY IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING THEREIN EXCEPT THAT WHICH IS NECESSARY FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF A NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, AND NO PUBLIC ENTITY OR EMPLOYEE, OFFICER OR AGENT THEREOF SHALL DISCLOSE SUCH INFORMATION, EXCEPT THAT SUCH PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR ANY OTHER RECORDED IMAGES FROM SUCH SYSTEMS: (A) SHALL BE AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION AND COPYING AND USE BY THE MOTOR VEHICLE OWNER AND OPERATOR FOR SO LONG AS SUCH PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTO- GRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES ARE REQUIRED TO BE MAINTAINED OR ARE MAINTAINED BY SUCH PUBLIC ENTITY, EMPLOYEE, OFFICER OR AGENT; AND (B) (1) SHALL BE FURNISHED WHEN DESCRIBED IN A SEARCH WARRANT ISSUED BY A COURT AUTHORIZED TO ISSUE SUCH A SEARCH WARRANT PURSUANT TO ARTICLE SIX HUNDRED NINETY OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW OR A FEDERAL COURT AUTHORIZED TO ISSUE SUCH A SEARCH WARRANT UNDER FEDERAL LAW, WHERE SUCH SEARCH WARRANT STATES THAT THERE IS REASONABLE CAUSE TO BELIEVE SUCH INFORMATION CONSTITUTES EVIDENCE OF, OR TENDS TO DEMONSTRATE THAT, A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY OFFENSE WAS COMMITTED IN THIS STATE OR ANOTHER STATE, OR THAT A PARTICULAR PERSON PARTICIPATED IN THE COMMISSION OF A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY OFFENSE IN THIS STATE OR ANOTHER STATE, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT IF SUCH OFFENSE WAS AGAINST THE LAWS OF ANOTHER STATE, THE COURT SHALL ONLY ISSUE A WARRANT IF THE CONDUCT COMPRISING SUCH OFFENSE WOULD, IF OCCURRING IN THIS STATE, CONSTITUTE A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY AGAINST THE LAWS OF THIS STATE; AND A. 11246 43 (2) SHALL BE FURNISHED IN RESPONSE TO A SUBPOENA DUCES TECUM SIGNED BY A JUDGE OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION AND ISSUED PURSUANT TO ARTICLE SIX HUNDRED TEN OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW OR A JUDGE OR MAGISTRATE OF A FEDERAL COURT AUTHORIZED TO ISSUE SUCH A SUBPOENA DUCES TECUM UNDER FEDERAL LAW, WHERE THE JUDGE FINDS AND THE SUBPOENA STATES THAT THERE IS REASONABLE CAUSE TO BELIEVE SUCH INFORMATION IS RELEVANT AND MATERIAL TO THE PROSECUTION, OR THE DEFENSE, OR THE INVESTIGATION BY AN AUTHORIZED LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICIAL, OF THE ALLEGED COMMISSION OF A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY IN THIS STATE OR ANOTHER STATE, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT IF SUCH OFFENSE WAS AGAINST THE LAWS OF ANOTHER STATE, SUCH JUDGE OR MAGISTRATE SHALL ONLY ISSUE SUCH SUBPOENA IF THE CONDUCT COMPRISING SUCH OFFENSE WOULD, IF OCCURRING IN THIS STATE, CONSTITUTE A MISDEMEANOR OR FELONY IN THIS STATE; AND (3) MAY, IF LAWFULLY OBTAINED PURSUANT TO THIS CLAUSE AND CLAUSE (A) OF THIS SUBPARAGRAPH AND OTHERWISE ADMISSIBLE, BE USED IN SUCH CRIMINAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING. (B) IF THE CITY OF BUFFALO ESTABLISHES A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PURSU- ANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION, THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IF SUCH VEHICLE WAS USED OR OPERATED WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE OWNER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITHIN A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (C) OR DURING THE TIMES AUTHORIZED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE, SUCH VEHICLE WAS TRAVELING AT A SPEED OF MORE THAN TEN MILES PER HOUR ABOVE THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT IN EFFECT WITHIN SUCH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE, AND SUCH VIOLATION IS EVIDENCED BY INFOR- MATION OBTAINED FROM A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM; PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WHERE THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE HAS BEEN CONVICTED OF THE UNDERLYING VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE. (C) FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, THE FOLLOWING TERMS SHALL HAVE THE FOLLOWING MEANINGS: 1. "MANUAL ON UNIFORM TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES" OR "MUTCD" SHALL MEAN THE MANUAL AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES MAINTAINED BY THE COMMISSIONER OF TRANSPORTATION PURSUANT TO SECTION SIXTEEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER; 2. "OWNER" SHALL HAVE THE MEANING PROVIDED IN ARTICLE TWO-B OF THIS CHAPTER; 3. "PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM" SHALL MEAN A VEHICLE SENSOR INSTALLED TO WORK IN CONJUNCTION WITH A SPEED MEASURING DEVICE WHICH AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCES TWO OR MORE PHOTOGRAPHS, TWO OR MORE MICRO- PHOTOGRAPHS, A VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES OF EACH VEHICLE AT THE TIME IT IS USED OR OPERATED IN A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION; AND 4. "SCHOOL SPEED ZONE" SHALL MEAN A DISTANCE NOT TO EXCEED ONE THOU- SAND THREE HUNDRED TWENTY FEET ON A HIGHWAY PASSING A SCHOOL BUILDING, ENTRANCE OR EXIT OF A SCHOOL ABUTTING ON THE HIGHWAY. (D) A CERTIFICATE, SWORN TO OR AFFIRMED BY A TECHNICIAN EMPLOYED BY THE CITY OF BUFFALO, OR A FACSIMILE THEREOF, BASED UPON INSPECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM, SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. ANY PHOTOGRAPHS, MICRO- PHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES EVIDENCING SUCH A VIOLATION SHALL INCLUDE AT LEAST TWO DATE AND TIME STAMPED IMAGES OF THE A. 11246 44 REAR OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE THAT INCLUDE THE SAME STATIONARY OBJECT NEAR THE MOTOR VEHICLE AND SHALL BE AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION REASONABLY IN ADVANCE OF AND AT ANY PROCEEDING TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY FOR SUCH VIOLATION PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION. (E) AN OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM ESTABLISHED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE LIABLE FOR MONETARY PENALTIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH A SCHEDULE OF FINES AND PENALTIES TO BE PROMULGATED BY THE PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU OF THE CITY OF BUFFALO. THE LIABILITY OF THE OWNER PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL NOT EXCEED FIFTY DOLLARS FOR EACH VIOLATION; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT SUCH PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU MAY PROVIDE FOR AN ADDITIONAL PENALTY NOT IN EXCESS OF TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS FOR EACH VIOLATION FOR THE FAILURE TO RESPOND TO A NOTICE OF LIABILITY WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME PERIOD. (F) AN IMPOSITION OF LIABILITY UNDER THE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM ESTAB- LISHED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE DEEMED A CONVICTION AS AN OPERATOR AND SHALL NOT BE MADE PART OF THE OPERATING RECORD OF THE PERSON UPON WHOM SUCH LIABILITY IS IMPOSED NOR SHALL IT BE USED FOR INSURANCE PURPOSES IN THE PROVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE COVERAGE. (G) 1. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO EACH PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTI- CLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, WITHIN FOURTEEN BUSINESS DAYS IF SUCH OWNER IS A RESIDENT OF THIS STATE AND WITHIN FORTY-FIVE BUSINESS DAYS IF SUCH OWNER IS A NON-RESIDENT. PERSONAL DELIVERY ON THE OWNER SHALL NOT BE REQUIRED. A MANUAL OR AUTOMATIC RECORD OF MAILING PREPARED IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. 2. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTI- CLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, THE REGISTRATION NUMBER OF THE VEHICLE INVOLVED IN SUCH VIOLATION, THE LOCATION WHERE SUCH VIOLATION TOOK PLACE, THE DATE AND TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION, THE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THE CAMERA WHICH RECORDED THE VIOLATION OR OTHER DOCUMENT LOCATOR NUMBER, AT LEAST TWO DATE AND TIME STAMPED IMAGES OF THE REAR OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE THAT INCLUDE THE SAME STATIONARY OBJECT NEAR THE MOTOR VEHICLE, AND THE CERTIFICATE CHARGING THE LIABILITY. 3. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN INFORMATION ADVISING THE PERSON CHARGED OF THE MANNER AND THE TIME IN WHICH HE OR SHE MAY CONTEST THE LIABILITY ALLEGED IN THE NOTICE. SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL ALSO CONTAIN A PROMINENT WARNING TO ADVISE THE PERSON CHARGED THAT FAILURE TO CONTEST IN THE MANNER AND TIME PROVIDED SHALL BE DEEMED AN ADMISSION OF LIABILITY AND THAT A DEFAULT JUDGMENT MAY BE ENTERED THEREON. 4. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE PREPARED AND MAILED BY THE CITY OF BUFFALO, OR BY ANY OTHER ENTITY AUTHORIZED BY THE CITY TO PREPARE AND MAIL SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY. (H) ADJUDICATION OF THE LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE BY THE CITY OF BUFFALO PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU. (I) IF AN OWNER RECEIVES A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION FOR ANY TIME PERIOD DURING WHICH THE VEHICLE OR THE NUMBER PLATE OR PLATES OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS REPORTED TO THE POLICE DEPARTMENT AS HAVING BEEN STOLEN, IT SHALL BE A VALID DEFENSE TO AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION THAT THE VEHICLE OR THE NUMBER PLATE OR PLATES OF SUCH VEHICLE HAD BEEN A. 11246 45 REPORTED TO THE POLICE AS STOLEN PRIOR TO THE TIME THE VIOLATION OCCURRED AND HAD NOT BEEN RECOVERED BY SUCH TIME. FOR PURPOSES OF ASSERTING THE DEFENSE PROVIDED BY THIS SUBDIVISION, IT SHALL BE SUFFI- CIENT THAT A CERTIFIED COPY OF THE POLICE REPORT ON THE STOLEN VEHICLE OR NUMBER PLATE OR PLATES OF SUCH VEHICLE BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO THE CITY OF BUFFALO PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU OR BY ANY OTHER ENTITY AUTHORIZED BY THE CITY TO PREPARE AND MAIL SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY. (J) ADJUDICATION OF THE LIABILITY IMPOSED UPON OWNERS OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE BY THE CITY OF BUFFALO PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU. (K) 1. AN OWNER WHO IS A LESSOR OF A VEHICLE TO WHICH A NOTICE OF LIABILITY WAS ISSUED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (G) OF THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR THE VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, PROVIDED THAT: (I) PRIOR TO THE VIOLATION, THE LESSOR HAS FILED WITH SUCH PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION TWO HUNDRED THIRTY-NINE OF THIS CHAPTER; AND (II) WITHIN THIRTY-SEVEN DAYS AFTER RECEIVING NOTICE FROM SUCH DIVI- SION OF THE DATE AND TIME OF A LIABILITY, TOGETHER WITH THE OTHER INFOR- MATION CONTAINED IN THE ORIGINAL NOTICE OF LIABILITY, THE LESSOR SUBMITS TO SUCH DIVISION THE CORRECT NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE LESSEE OF THE VEHI- CLE IDENTIFIED IN THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY AT THE TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION, TOGETHER WITH SUCH OTHER ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE RENTAL, LEASE OR OTHER CONTRACT DOCUMENT, AS MAY BE REASONABLY REQUIRED BY SUCH DIVISION PURSUANT TO REGULATIONS THAT MAY BE PROMULGATED FOR SUCH PURPOSE. 2. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH SUBPARAGRAPH (II) OF PARAGRAPH ONE OF THIS SUBDIVISION SHALL RENDER THE OWNER LIABLE FOR THE PENALTY PRESCRIBED IN THIS SECTION. 3. WHERE THE LESSOR COMPLIES WITH THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPH ONE OF THIS SUBDIVISION, THE LESSEE OF SUCH VEHICLE ON THE DATE OF SUCH VIOLATION SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE OWNER OF SUCH VEHICLE FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, SHALL BE SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR SUCH VIOLATION PURSU- ANT TO THIS SECTION AND SHALL BE SENT A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (I) OF THIS SECTION. (L) 1. IF THE OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (C) OR (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WAS NOT THE OPERATOR OF THE VEHICLE AT THE TIME OF THE VIOLATION, THE OWNER MAY MAINTAIN AN ACTION FOR INDEMNIFICATION AGAINST THE OPERATOR. 2. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF THIS SECTION, NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE SUBJECT TO A MONETARY FINE IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IF THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS OPERATING SUCH VEHICLE WITH- OUT THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME SUCH OPERATOR OPERATED SUCH VEHICLE IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SUBDIVISION THERE SHALL BE A PRESUMPTION THAT THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE WAS OPER- ATING SUCH VEHICLE WITH THE CONSENT OF THE OWNER AT THE TIME OF SUCH OPERATOR OPERATED SUCH VEHICLE IN VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE. (M) NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO LIMIT THE LIABILITY OF AN OPERATOR OF A VEHICLE FOR ANY VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (C) OR (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE. (N) IF THE CITY ADOPTS A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION IT SHALL CONDUCT A STUDY AND SUBMIT A REPORT ON THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF PHOTO DEVICES TO THE GOVERNOR, THE TEMPORARY PRES- A. 11246 46 IDENT OF THE SENATE AND THE SPEAKER OF THE ASSEMBLY. SUCH REPORT SHALL INCLUDE: 1. THE LOCATIONS WHERE AND DATES WHEN PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS WERE USED; 2. THE AGGREGATE NUMBER, TYPE AND SEVERITY OF CRASHES, FATALITIES, INJURIES AND PROPERTY DAMAGE REPORTED WITHIN ALL SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WITHIN THE CITY, TO THE EXTENT THE INFORMATION IS MAINTAINED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES OF THIS STATE; 3. THE AGGREGATE NUMBER, TYPE AND SEVERITY OF CRASHES, FATALITIES, INJURIES AND PROPERTY DAMAGE REPORTED WITHIN SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WHERE PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS WERE USED, TO THE EXTENT THE INFORMATION IS MAINTAINED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES OF THIS STATE; 4. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED WITHIN ALL SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WITHIN THE CITY, IN THE AGGREGATE ON A DAILY, WEEKLY AND MONTHLY BASIS; 5. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED WITHIN EACH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE WHERE A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM IS USED, IN THE AGGRE- GATE ON A DAILY, WEEKLY AND MONTHLY BASIS; 6. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED WITHIN ALL SCHOOL SPEED ZONES WITHIN THE CITY THAT WERE: (I) MORE THAN TEN BUT NOT MORE THAN TWENTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; (II) MORE THAN TWENTY BUT NOT MORE THAN THIRTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; (III) MORE THAN THIRTY BUT NOT MORE THAN FORTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; AND (IV) MORE THAN FORTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; 7. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED WITHIN EACH SCHOOL SPEED ZONE WHERE A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM IS USED THAT WERE: (I) MORE THAN TEN BUT NOT MORE THAN TWENTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; (II) MORE THAN TWENTY BUT NOT MORE THAN THIRTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; (III) MORE THAN THIRTY BUT NOT MORE THAN FORTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; AND (IV) MORE THAN FORTY MILES PER HOUR OVER THE POSTED SPEED LIMIT; 8. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF NOTICES OF LIABILITY ISSUED FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 9. THE NUMBER OF FINES AND TOTAL AMOUNT OF FINES PAID AFTER THE FIRST NOTICE OF LIABILITY ISSUED FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 10. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS ADJUDICATED AND THE RESULTS OF SUCH ADJU- DICATIONS INCLUDING BREAKDOWNS OF DISPOSITIONS MADE FOR VIOLATIONS RECORDED BY SUCH SYSTEMS; 11. THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF REVENUE REALIZED BY THE CITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROGRAM; 12. THE EXPENSES INCURRED BY THE CITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROGRAM; AND 13. THE QUALITY OF THE ADJUDICATION PROCESS AND ITS RESULTS. (O) IT SHALL BE A DEFENSE TO ANY PROSECUTION FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDI- VISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS ARTICLE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION THAT SUCH PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM WAS MALFUNCTIONING AT THE TIME OF THE ALLEGED VIOLATION. § 20. The opening paragraph and paragraph (c) of subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: A. 11246 47 Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adju- dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied a crime victim assist- ance fee and a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in accordance with the following schedule: (c) Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter other than a crime pursuant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or a traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an infraction pursuant to article nine of this chapter or other than an adjudication of liabil- ity of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or other than an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for A. 11246 48 a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied a crime victim assistance fee in the amount of five dollars and a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of fifty-five dollars. § 20-a. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equip- ment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adju- dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi- vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of twenty-five dollars. § 20-b. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction A. 11246 49 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi- vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-c. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- en of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-d. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication A. 11246 50 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-e. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adju- dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a manda- tory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-f. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 20-g. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as separately amended by chapter 16 of the laws of 1983 and chapter 62 of the laws of 1989, is amended to read as follows: 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or A. 11246 51 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. § 21. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter of a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, OR OTHER THAN AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- A. 11246 52 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, and except an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter of a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thou- sand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABIL- ITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudi- cation of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regu- lations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: A. 11246 53 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- y-c of this chapter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liabil- ity of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 11-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a A. 11246 54 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- ter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 21-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 5 of part C of chapter 55 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- ter, AND EXCEPT AN ADJUDICATION OF LIABILITY OF AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHT- Y-D OF THIS CHAPTER, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. § 22. Subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: (i) If at the time of application for a registration or renewal there- of there is a certification from a court, parking violations bureau, traffic and parking violations agency or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to a total of three or more summonses or other process in the aggregate, issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi- cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without A. 11246 55 being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a, section eleven hundred eleven-b or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- ter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (c) or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or (v) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (c) or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, OR (VII) THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (C) OR (D) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER, the commis- sioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal appli- cation until the applicant provides proof from the court, traffic and parking violations agency or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commission- er may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal appli- cation to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registra- tion or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivi- sion and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an adminis- trative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to a total of three or more summonses or other process in the aggregate, issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi- cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section A. 11246 56 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- ter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section; or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter or (v) the regis- trant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (v) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chap- ter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; OR (VII) THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAP- TER, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appear- ance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribu- nal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iv) the registrant was liable A. 11246 57 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORD- ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER; or (v) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registra- tion or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER; or (iv) the registrant A. 11246 58 was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regu- lations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- trant or his agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- ter, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registra- tion or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the A. 11246 59 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- trant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regu- lations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned A. 11246 60 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- trant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a regis- tration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 22-g. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as separately amended by chapters 339 and 592 of the laws of 1987, is amended to read as follows: a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his representative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an administrative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the registrant or his agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appro- priate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority, OR THE REGISTRANT WAS LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION ELEV- EN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THIS CHAPTER FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVISION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY OF THIS CHAPTER, the commissioner or his agent shall deny the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or admin- istrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal follow- ing entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his discretion, deny a regis- A. 11246 61 tration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. § 23. Subdivision 2 of section 87 of the public officers law is amended by adding a new paragraph (p) to read as follows: (P) ARE PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PREPARED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-D OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW. § 24. The purchase or lease of equipment for a demonstration program pursuant to section 1180-d of the vehicle and traffic law shall be subject to the provisions of section 103 of the general municipal law. § 25. This act shall take effect immediately; provided that sections one through four of this act shall expire and be deemed repealed 4 years after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of sections one through four of this act shall be deemed repealed; and provided further that the amendments to section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law made by sections five, six, seven and eight of this act shall not affect the repeal of such section and shall be deemed repealed there- with; and provided further that the amendments to paragraph 2 of subdi- vision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law made by section six of this act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after this act shall have become a law; and provided further that sections twelve through twenty-four of this act shall take effect on the thirti- eth day after it shall have become a law and shall expire 4 years after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of sections twelve through twenty-four of this act shall be deemed repealed; and provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effec- tive date, provided that: (a) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-a of this act shall take effect; (a-1) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-b of this act shall take effect; (a-2) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-c of this act shall take effect; (a-3) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-d of this act shall take effect; (a-4) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of A. 11246 62 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-e of this act shall take effect; (a-5) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-f of this act shall take effect; (a-6) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve-f of this act shall not affect the expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-g of this act shall take effect; (b) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-a of this act shall take effect; (b-1) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-b of this act shall take effect; (b-2) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-c of this act shall take effect; (b-3) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-d of this act shall take effect; (b-4) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-e of this act shall take effect; (b-5) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section thirteen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-f of this act shall take effect; (c) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-a of this act shall take effect; (c-1) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-b of this act shall take effect; (c-2) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-c of this act shall take effect; A. 11246 63 (c-3) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-d of this act shall take effect; (c-4) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-e of this act shall take effect; (c-5) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section fifteen-f of this act shall take effect; (d) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-a of this act shall take effect; (d-1) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-b of this act shall take effect; (d-2) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-c of this act shall take effect; (d-3) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-d of this act shall take effect; (d-4) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-e of this act shall take effect; (d-5) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-f of this act shall take effect; (e) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-a of this act shall take effect; (e-1) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-b of this act shall take effect; A. 11246 64 (e-2) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-c of this act shall take effect; (e-3) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-d of this act shall take effect; (e-4) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-e of this act shall take effect; (e-5) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seventeen-f of this act shall take effect; (f) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehi- cle and traffic law made by section eighteen of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-a of this act shall take effect; (f-1) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-b of this act shall take effect; (f-2) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-c of this act shall take effect; (f-3) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-d of this act shall take effect; (f-4) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-e of this act shall take effect; (f-5) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-f of this act shall take effect; (g) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-a of this act shall take effect; A. 11246 65 (g-1) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-b of this act shall take effect; (g-2) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-c of this act shall take effect; (g-3) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-d of this act shall take effect; (g-4) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-e of this act shall take effect; (g-5) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-f of this act shall take effect; (g-6) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-f of this act shall not affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-g of this act shall take effect; (h) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-a of this act shall take effect; (h-1) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-b of this act shall take effect; (h-2) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-c of this act shall take effect; (h-3) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-d of this act shall take effect; (h-4) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-e of this act shall take effect; A. 11246 66 (h-5) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- one-f of this act shall take effect; (i) the amendments to subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twen- ty-two of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-two-a of this act shall take effect; (i-1) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-b of this act shall take effect; (i-2) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-c of this act shall take effect; (i-3) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-d of this act shall take effect; (i-4) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-e of this act shall take effect; (i-5) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-f of this act shall take effect; and (i-6) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-f of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- two-g of this act shall take effect. PART C Section 1. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 3656 of the public authori- ties law, as amended by chapter 685 of the laws of 2003, are amended to read as follows: 1. The authority shall have the power and is hereby authorized from time to time to issue bonds in such principal amounts as it may deter- mine to be necessary pursuant to section thirty-six hundred fifty-five of this title to pay any financeable costs and to fund reserves to secure such bonds, including incidental expenses in connection there- with. Provided, however, the aggregate principal amounts of such bonds issued to pay the financeable costs described in paragraph (a) of subdi- vision twelve of section thirty-six hundred fifty-one of this title shall not exceed four hundred fifteen million dollars, excluding bonds, notes, or other obligations issued to refund or otherwise repay bonds, A. 11246 67 notes, or other obligations theretofore issued for such purposes. Notwithstanding the foregoing limit on the amount of bonds that the authority may issue to pay the financeable costs described in paragraph (a) of subdivision twelve of section thirty-six hundred fifty-one of this title, the authority shall have the power to issue up to an addi- tional seven hundred ninety million dollars of bonds, excluding bonds, notes, or other obligations issued to refund or otherwise repay bonds, notes, or other obligations theretofore issued for such purpose, to pay such costs if the county's indebtedness to be refunded, repaid or restructured with the payment of such bonds was originally incurred by the county to pay tax certiorari settlements or assignments of any kind to which the county is a party. Provided further, the aggregate princi- pal amounts of such bonds issued to pay the financeable costs described in paragraph (c) of subdivision twelve of section thirty-six hundred fifty-one of this title, which resulted from certiorari proceedings commenced prior to June first, two thousand, shall not exceed four hundred million dollars, excluding bonds, notes, or other obligations issued to refund or otherwise repay bonds, notes, or other obligations theretofore issued for such purposes. And, provided further, the aggre- gate principal amounts of such bonds issued to pay the financeable coun- ty costs described in paragraph (c) of subdivision twelve of section thirty-six hundred fifty-one of this title, which resulted from certior- ari proceedings commenced on or after June first, two thousand, shall not exceed [four] EIGHT hundred million dollars in the aggregate [for the fiscal years two thousand through two thousand seven, however, of said four hundred million dollars only fifteen million dollars may be issued in the fiscal year two thousand six and ten million dollars may be issued in the fiscal year two thousand seven], excluding bonds, notes, or other obligations issued to refund or otherwise repay bonds, notes, or other obligations theretofore issued for such purposes. Effec- tive in the year two thousand six, upon request of the county, the authority shall issue, in the amount requested, bonds to pay tax certiorari settlements or judgments of any kind to which the county is a party, not to exceed fifteen million dollars; and effective in the year two thousand seven, upon request of the county, the authority shall issue, in the amount requested, bonds to pay tax certiorari settlements or judgments of any kind to which the county is a party, not to exceed ten million dollars. Whenever this title establishes a limit on the principal amount of bonds that the authority is authorized to issue, there shall not be counted against such limit (i) amounts determined by the authority as reasonable to be used to pay the cost of issuing such bonds, (ii) the amount of bonds that would constitute interest under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and (iii) amounts determined by the authority as necessary to establish any reserves. The authority shall have the power from time to time to refund any bonds of the authority by the issuance of new bonds, whether the bonds to be refunded have or have not matured, and may issue bonds partly to refund bonds of the authority then outstanding and partly to pay the financeable costs pursuant to section thirty-six hundred fifty-five of this title. Bonds issued by the authority shall be payable solely out of particular revenues or other moneys of the authority as may be desig- nated in the proceedings of the authority under which the bonds shall be authorized to be issued, subject to any agreements entered into between the authority and the county, and subject to any agreements with the holders of outstanding bonds pledging any particular revenues or moneys; A. 11246 68 but in no event shall transitional state aid be pledged as security for or be made available for the payment of bonds. 2. The authority is authorized to issue its bonds for a period ending not later than December thirty-first, two thousand [seven] TWENTY-ONE. The authority may issue bonds to refund bonds previously issued without regard to the limitation in the first sentence of this subdivision, but in no event shall any bonds of the authority finally mature later than January thirty-first, two thousand [thirty-six] FORTY-ONE. Notwith- standing any other provision of law, no bond of the authority shall mature more than thirty years from the date of its issue. PART D Section 1. Section 6-41.0 of chapter 272 of the laws of 1939, consti- tuting the Nassau county administrative code is renumbered 6-42.1 and a new subdivision g is added to read as follows: G. THIS SECTION SHALL APPLY ONLY TO REAL PROPERTY TAXES AND OTHER AMOUNTS LEVIED ON THE 2016-2017 AND 2017-2018 TAX ROLLS, AND THE CHARGES COLLECTED IN CONNECTION WITH SUCH TAX ROLLS SHALL BE ACCOUNTED FOR SEPA- RATELY FROM AMOUNTS COLLECTED ON SUBSEQUENT TAX ROLLS. § 2. Chapter 272 of the laws of 1939, constituting the Nassau county administrative code is amended by adding a new section 6-42.2 to read as follows: § 6-42.2 DISPUTED ASSESSMENT FUND. NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION EIGHTEEN HUNDRED THREE-B OF THE REAL PROPERTY TAX LAW OR ANY OTHER LAW TO THE CONTRARY EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN: A. THE COUNTY OF NASSAU SHALL LEVY CHARGES ANNUALLY ON CLASS FOUR REAL PROPERTY AS DEFINED IN SECTION EIGHTEEN HUNDRED TWO OF THE REAL PROPERTY TAX LAW TO FUND THE PAYMENT OF REFUNDS, CANCELLATIONS AND CREDITS OF PROPERTY TAXES AND OTHER LEVIES ON PROPERTIES WITHIN SUCH CLASS IN THE ENSUING FISCAL YEAR IN THE MANNER PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION. B. SUCH CHARGES SHALL BE CALCULATED, LEVIED, COLLECTED AND ADMINIS- TERED IN THE SAME MANNER AS NASSAU COUNTY REAL PROPERTY TAXES, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION. C. THE AMOUNT OF SUCH LEVY SHALL BE NOT MORE THAN TEN PERCENT OF CLASS FOUR LEVIES ON THE COUNTY TAX ROLL FOR COUNTY, TOWN, SPECIAL DISTRICT AND SCHOOL DISTRICT PROPERTY TAXES AND OTHER LEVIES. D. SUCH LEVIES SHALL APPEAR AS A SEPARATE ITEM ON THE ANNUAL COUNTY TAX BILL SUBMITTED TO PROPERTY OWNERS BY EACH RECEIVER OF TAXES. THE AMOUNTS FROM SUCH LEVIES SHALL BE PLACED IN A SEPARATE FUND HEREBY ESTABLISHED AS THE DISPUTED ASSESSMENT FUND WHICH SHALL BE MAINTAINED AND ADMINISTERED BY THE NASSAU COUNTY TREASURER; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT NOTHING HEREIN SHALL PREVENT THE COUNTY FROM PAYING INTO THE DISPUTED ASSESSMENT FUND MONIES FROM OTHER FUNDS OR SOURCES FOR THE PURPOSES SPECIFIED IN THIS SECTION. THE MONIES COLLECTED IN SUCH FUND SHALL BE USED SOLELY FOR THE PURPOSES SPECIFIED IN THIS SECTION AND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED COUNTY REVENUES. E. REFUNDS, CANCELLATIONS AND CREDITS OF REAL PROPERTY TAXES AND OTHER LEVIES ON CLASS FOUR REAL PROPERTY RESULTING FROM A SETTLEMENT OR FINAL ORDER FROM A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION OR A DETERMINATION OR STIP- ULATION BY THE ASSESSMENT REVIEW COMMISSION SHALL BE PAID FROM THE DISPUTED ASSESSMENT FUND; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, MONIES PAID FROM SUCH FUND SHALL NOT BE DEEMED COUNTY EXPENDITURES. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL PREVENT THE COUNTY FROM FUNDING THE COSTS OF ANY REFUNDS, CANCELLATIONS AND CREDITS OF REAL PROPERTY TAXES AND OTHER LEVIES FROM OTHER FUNDS OR SOURCES. A. 11246 69 F. THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION SHALL NOT AFFECT THE APPLICATION OF TITLE THREE OF ARTICLE FIVE OF THE REAL PROPERTY TAX LAW OR ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION. G. THIS SECTION SHALL NOT APPLY TO REAL PROPERTY TAXES AND OTHER AMOUNTS LEVIED ON THE 2016-2017 AND 2017-2018 TAX ROLLS, AND THE CHARGES COLLECTED IN CONNECTION WITH SUCH TAX ROLLS SHALL BE ACCOUNTED FOR SEPA- RATELY FROM AMOUNTS COLLECTED ON SUBSEQUENT TAX ROLLS. § 3. Severability. If any provision of this act or if any application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the remainder of this act and the application of the provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby. § 4. This act shall take effect immediately. § 2. Severability. If any provision of this act or if any application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of this act and the application of the provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby. § 3. This act shall take effect immediately. § 2. Severability clause. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivi- sion, section or part of this act shall be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair, or invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section or part thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judg- ment shall have been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of the legislature that this act would have been enacted even if such invalid provisions had not been included herein. § 3. This act shall take effect immediately provided, however, that the applicable effective date of Parts A through D of this act shall be as specifically set forth in the last section of such Parts.
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