S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
 ________________________________________________________________________
 
                                   7436
 
                        2017-2018 Regular Sessions
 
                           I N  A S S E M B L Y
 
                              April 25, 2017
                                ___________
 
 Introduced  by  M.  of  A. BLAKE, KAVANAGH, ROZIC, MOSLEY, ORTIZ, STECK,
   PEOPLES-STOKES, COOK, SEPULVEDA, HOOPER, WRIGHT -- Multi-Sponsored  by
   --  M.  of  A.  THIELE  --  read once and referred to the Committee on
   Election Law
 
 AN ACT to amend the election law, in relation to voting rights

   THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND  ASSEM-
 BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
 
   Section  1.  The election law is amended by adding a new section 5-108
 to read as follows:
   § 5-108. VOTER PROTECTION.  1. THE TERMS USED IN  THIS  SECTION  SHALL
 HAVE THE FOLLOWING MEANINGS:
   A.  THE  TERM "BOARD" SHALL MEAN THE STATE BOARD OF ELECTIONS PROVIDED
 FOR BY SECTION 3-100 OF THIS CHAPTER;
   B. THE TERM "ELECTION" SHALL MEAN ANY FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL ELECTION
 HELD IN THE STATE;
   C. THE TERM "COUNTY BOARD OF  ELECTIONS" SHALL HAVE  THE  MEANING  SET
 FORTH IN SECTION 1-104 OF THIS CHAPTER;
   D.  THE  TERM  "ELECTION  OFFICER" SHALL HAVE THE MEANING SET FORTH IN
 SECTION 1-104 OF THIS CHAPTER;
   2. A PERSON IS GUILTY OF VOTER INTIMIDATION  IF  HE  OR  SHE  USES  OR
 THREATENS  FORCE,  VIOLENCE OR ANY TACTIC OF COERCION OR INTIMIDATION TO
 INDUCE OR COMPEL ANY OTHER PERSON TO:
   A. VOTE OR REFRAIN FROM VOTING;
   B. VOTE OR REFRAIN FROM VOTING FOR ANY PARTICULAR CANDIDATE OR  BALLOT
 MEASURE; OR
   C. REFRAIN FROM REGISTERING TO VOTE.
   3.  A  PERSON  IS  GUILTY  OF VOTER SUPPRESSION IF HE OR SHE KNOWINGLY
 ATTEMPTS TO PREVENT OR DETER ANOTHER PERSON  FROM VOTING OR  REGISTERING
 TO  VOTE  BASED ON FRAUDULENT, DECEPTIVE OR SPURIOUS GROUNDS OR INFORMA-
 TION. VOTER SUPPRESSION INCLUDES:
 
  EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                       [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                            LBD06684-01-7
              

 A. 7436                             2
 
   A. CHALLENGING ANOTHER PERSON'S RIGHT TO REGISTER  OR  VOTE  BASED  ON
 KNOWINGLY FALSE INFORMATION;
   B.  ATTEMPTING TO INDUCE ANOTHER PERSON TO REFRAIN FROM REGISTERING OR
 VOTING BY PROVIDING THAT PERSON WITH KNOWINGLY FALSE INFORMATION; OR
   C. ATTEMPTING TO INDUCE ANOTHER PERSON TO REFRAIN FROM REGISTERING  OR
 VOTING  AT  THE PROPER PLACE OR TIME BY PROVIDING THAT PERSON WITH KNOW-
 INGLY FALSE INFORMATION ABOUT THE DATE, TIME, PLACE  OR  MANNER  OF  THE
 ELECTION.
   4.  A.   LOCAL ELECTION SUPERVISORS MUST POST A VOTER'S BILL OF RIGHTS
 AT EVERY POLLING PLACE, INCLUDE IT WITH EVERY DISTRIBUTION  OF  OFFICIAL
 SAMPLE  BALLOTS, AND OFFER IT TO VOTERS AT POLLING PLACES, IN ACCORDANCE
 WITH PROCEDURES APPROVED BY THE BOARD. THE TEXT OF  THIS  DOCUMENT  WILL
 BE:
   "VOTER'S BILL OF RIGHTS
   EVERY REGISTERED VOTER IN THIS STATE HAS THE RIGHT TO:
   1. INSPECT A SAMPLE BALLOT BEFORE VOTING.
   2. CAST A BALLOT IF HE OR SHE IS IN LINE WHEN THE POLLS ARE CLOSING.
   3.  ASK  FOR AND RECEIVE ASSISTANCE IN VOTING, INCLUDING ASSISTANCE IN
 LANGUAGES OTHER THAN ENGLISH WHERE REQUIRED BY FEDERAL OR STATE LAW.
   4. RECEIVE A REPLACEMENT BALLOT IF HE OR SHE MAKES A MISTAKE PRIOR  TO
 THE BALLOT BEING CAST.
   5.  CAST  A PROVISIONAL BALLOT IF HIS OR HER ELIGIBILITY TO VOTE IS IN
 QUESTION.
   6. VOTE FREE FROM COERCION OR INTIMIDATION BY ELECTION OFFICERS OR ANY
 OTHER PERSON.
   7. CAST A BALLOT USING VOTING EQUIPMENT  THAT  ACCURATELY  COUNTS  ALL
 VOTES."
   B. IN ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OR PRECINCT WHERE FEDERAL OR STATE LAW
 REQUIRES  THE  BALLOT  TO  BE  MADE  AVAILABLE  IN A LANGUAGE OTHER THAN
 ENGLISH, THE VOTER'S BILL OF RIGHTS WILL ALSO BE MADE AVAILABLE IN  SUCH
 LANGUAGE OR LANGUAGES.
   5.  THE BOARD WILL CREATE A MANUAL OF UNIFORM POLLING PLACE PROCEDURES
 AND ADOPT THE MANUAL BY  REGULATION.  LOCAL  ELECTION  SUPERVISORS  WILL
 ENSURE THAT THE MANUALS ARE AVAILABLE IN HARD COPY OR ELECTRONIC FORM AT
 EVERY  PRECINCT  IN THE SUPERVISORS' JURISDICTIONS ON ELECTION DAY.  THE
 MANUAL WILL GUIDE LOCAL ELECTION OFFICERS IN THE  PROPER  IMPLEMENTATION
 OF  ELECTION  LAWS AND PROCEDURES. THE MANUAL WILL BE INDEXED BY SUBJECT
 AND WRITTEN IN CLEAR, UNAMBIGUOUS  LANGUAGE.  THE  MANUAL  WILL  PROVIDE
 SPECIFIC  EXAMPLES  OF  COMMON  PROBLEMS  ENCOUNTERED  AT  THE  POLLS ON
 ELECTION DAY, AND DETAIL SPECIFIC PROCEDURES FOR RESOLVING  THOSE  PROB-
 LEMS. THE MANUAL WILL INCLUDE, BUT NOT BE LIMITED TO, THE FOLLOWING:
   A. REGULATIONS GOVERNING SOLICITATION BY INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS AT THE
 POLLING PLACE;
   B.  PROCEDURES  TO  BE FOLLOWED WITH RESPECT TO VOTERS WHOSE NAMES ARE
 NOT ON THE PRECINCT REGISTER;
   C. PROPER OPERATION OF THE VOTING SYSTEM;
   D. BALLOT HANDLING PROCEDURES;
   E. PROCEDURES GOVERNING SPOILED BALLOTS;
   F. PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED AFTER THE POLLS CLOSE;
   G. RIGHTS OF VOTERS AT THE POLLS;
   H. PROCEDURES FOR HANDLING EMERGENCY SITUATIONS;
   I. PROCEDURES FOR HANDLING AND PROCESSING PROVISIONAL BALLOTS; AND
   J.  SECURITY PROCEDURES.
   § 2. The election law is amended by adding a  new  section  17-133  to
 read as follows:
   § 17-133. ILLEGAL VOTER SUPPRESSION. ANY PERSON WHO:

 A. 7436                             3
 
   1.  COMMITS  VOTER  INTIMIDATION  OR  CONSPIRES TO COMMIT VOTER INTIM-
 IDATION WILL BE GUILTY OF A FELONY, PUNISHABLE BY UP TO THREE  YEARS  IN
 PRISON AND A FINE OF UP TO ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS; OR
   2.  COMMITS VOTER SUPPRESSION OR CONSPIRES TO COMMIT VOTER SUPPRESSION
 WILL BE GUILTY OF A FELONY, PUNISHABLE BY UP TO TWO YEARS IN PRISON  AND
 A FINE OF FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS; OR
   3.  WILLFULLY VIOLATES ANY OTHER PART OF SECTION 5-108 OF THIS CHAPTER
 WILL BE GUILTY OF A MISDEMEANOR, PUNISHABLE BY UP TO ONE YEAR IN PRISON,
 A FINE OF UP TO TEN THOUSAND DOLLARS, OR BOTH.
   THE BOARD WILL PROMULGATE ALL REGULATIONS NECESSARY  TO  ENFORCE  THIS
 SECTION.  IN ADDITION TO CRIMINAL AND REGULATORY SANCTIONS, THIS SECTION
 MAY BE ENFORCED BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL UNDER  SECTION  SEVENTY  OF  THE
 EXECUTIVE LAW.
   §  3.  The  election  law is amended by adding a new section 17-135 to
 read as follows:
   § 17-135. VOTE DILUTION.  1. NO VOTING QUALIFICATION  OR  PREREQUISITE
 TO  VOTING  OR  STANDARD,  PRACTICE,  OR  PROCEDURE  SHALL BE IMPOSED OR
 APPLIED BY THE STATE OR ANY POLITICAL  SUBDIVISION  IN  A  MANNER  WHICH
 RESULTS  IN  A DENIAL OR ABRIDGEMENT OF THE RIGHT OF ANY CITIZEN TO VOTE
 ON ACCOUNT OF RACE OR COLOR,  RELIGION,  GENDER,  GENDER  PREFERENCE  OR
 DISABILITY,  OR  IN  CONTRAVENTION  OF  THE  GUARANTEES SET FORTH IN THE
 CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, OR AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN  THIS
 SECTION.
   2.  A  VIOLATION OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF THIS SECTION IS ESTABLISHED IF,
 BASED ON THE TOTALITY OF CIRCUMSTANCES, IT IS SHOWN THAT  THE  POLITICAL
 PROCESSES  LEADING  TO  NOMINATION OR ELECTION IN THE STATE OR POLITICAL
 SUBDIVISION ARE NOT EQUALLY OPEN TO PARTICIPATION BY MEMBERS OF A  CLASS
 OF  CITIZENS  PROTECTED  BY  SUBDIVISION ONE OF THIS SECTION IN THAT ITS
 MEMBERS HAVE LESS OPPORTUNITY THAN OTHER MEMBERS OF  THE  ELECTORATE  TO
 PARTICIPATE  IN  THE  POLITICAL  PROCESS AND TO ELECT REPRESENTATIVES OF
 THEIR CHOICE. THE EXTENT TO WHICH MEMBERS OF A PROTECTED CLASS HAVE BEEN
 ELECTED TO OFFICE IN THE STATE OR POLITICAL SUBDIVISION IS  ONE  CIRCUM-
 STANCE  WHICH  MAY  BE CONSIDERED; PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT NOTHING IN THIS
 SECTION ESTABLISHES A RIGHT TO HAVE MEMBERS OF A PROTECTED CLASS ELECTED
 IN NUMBERS EQUAL TO THEIR PROPORTION IN THE POPULATION.
   § 4. Article 8 of the election law is amended by adding a new title  6
 to read as follows:
                                 TITLE VI
                               PRECLEARANCE
 SECTION 8-600. PRECLEARANCE.
   §  8-600.  PRECLEARANCE.    1.  A. WHENEVER THE STATE OR ANY POLITICAL
 SUBDIVISION OR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SHALL ENACT OR SEEK  TO  ADMINISTER
 ANY  VOTING  QUALIFICATION OR PREREQUISITE TO VOTING, OR STANDARD, PRAC-
 TICE, OR PROCEDURE WITH RESPECT TO VOTING DIFFERENT FROM THAT  IN  FORCE
 OR EFFECT ON JANUARY FIRST, TWO THOUSAND SEVENTEEN, SUCH STATE OR SUBDI-
 VISION OR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION MAY INSTITUTE AN ACTION IN SUPREME COURT
 FOR A DECLARATORY JUDGMENT THAT SUCH QUALIFICATION, PREREQUISITE, STAND-
 ARD,  PRACTICE,  OR  PROCEDURE NEITHER HAS THE PURPOSE NOR WILL HAVE THE
 EFFECT OF DENYING OR ABRIDGING THE RIGHT TO VOTE ON ACCOUNT OF  RACE  OR
 COLOR, RELIGION, GENDER, GENDER IDENTITY, SEXUAL ORIENTATION OR DISABIL-
 ITY, OR IN CONTRAVENTION OF THE GUARANTEES SET FORTH IN THE CONSTITUTION
 OF  THE  STATE  OF  NEW YORK, AND UNLESS AND UNTIL THE COURT ENTERS SUCH
 JUDGMENT NO PERSON SHALL BE DENIED THE RIGHT  TO  VOTE  FOR  FAILURE  TO
 COMPLY  WITH  SUCH  QUALIFICATION,  PREREQUISITE, STANDARD, PRACTICE, OR
 PROCEDURE; PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT SUCH QUALIFICATION, PREREQUISITE, STAN-
 DARD, PRACTICE, OR PROCEDURE  MAY  BE  ENFORCED  IF  THE  QUALIFICATION,

 A. 7436                             4
 
 PREREQUISITE, STANDARD, PRACTICE, OR PROCEDURE HAS BEEN SUBMITTED BY THE
 CHIEF  LEGAL  OFFICER  OR  OTHER  APPROPRIATE  OFFICIAL OF SUCH STATE OR
 SUBDIVISION OR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION TO THE  ATTORNEY  GENERAL  AND  THE
 ATTORNEY GENERAL HAS NOT INTERPOSED AN OBJECTION WITHIN SIXTY DAYS AFTER
 SUCH  SUBMISSION,  OR  UPON GOOD CAUSE SHOWN, TO FACILITATE AN EXPEDITED
 APPROVAL WITHIN SIXTY DAYS AFTER SUCH SUBMISSION, THE  ATTORNEY  GENERAL
 HAS AFFIRMATIVELY INDICATED THAT SUCH OBJECTION WILL NOT BE MADE.
   B.  NEITHER  AN AFFIRMATIVE INDICATION BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL THAT NO
 OBJECTION WILL BE MADE, NOR THE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S  FAILURE  TO  OBJECT,
 NOR A DECLARATORY JUDGMENT ENTERED UNDER THIS SECTION SHALL BAR A SUBSE-
 QUENT  ACTION TO ENJOIN ENFORCEMENT OF SUCH QUALIFICATION, PREREQUISITE,
 STANDARD, PRACTICE, OR PROCEDURE.
   C. IN THE EVENT THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AFFIRMATIVELY INDICATES  THAT  NO
 OBJECTION  WILL BE MADE WITHIN THE SIXTY DAY PERIOD FOLLOWING RECEIPT OF
 A SUBMISSION, THE ATTORNEY GENERAL MAY RESERVE THE  RIGHT  TO  REEXAMINE
 THE  SUBMISSION  IF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION COMES TO HIS ATTENTION DURING
 THE REMAINDER OF THE SIXTY DAY  PERIOD  WHICH  WOULD  OTHERWISE  REQUIRE
 OBJECTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH THIS SECTION. ANY ACTION UNDER THIS SECTION
 SHALL  BE  HEARD  AND DETERMINED BY A THREE JUDGE PANEL OF THE APPELLATE
 DIVISION IN THE JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT  WITHIN  WHICH  THE  SUBDIVISION  OR
 MUNICIPAL CORPORATION IS SITUATED, AND ANY APPEAL SHALL LIE TO THE COURT
 OF APPEALS.
   2.  ANY  VOTING  QUALIFICATION OR PREREQUISITE TO VOTING, OR STANDARD,
 PRACTICE, OR PROCEDURE WITH RESPECT TO VOTING THAT HAS THE PURPOSE OF OR
 WILL HAVE THE EFFECT OF DIMINISHING THE ABILITY OF ANY CITIZENS  OF  THE
 UNTIED  STATES  ON  ACCOUNT  OF  RACE OR COLOR, RELIGION, GENDER, GENDER
 IDENTITY, SEXUAL ORIENTATION OR DISABILITY, OR IN CONTRAVENTION  OF  THE
 GUARANTEES  SET  FORTH  IN THE CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, TO
 ELECT THEIR PREFERRED CANDIDATES OF CHOICE, DENIES OR ABRIDGES THE RIGHT
 TO VOTE WITHIN THE MEANING OF PARAGRAPH A OF  SUBDIVISION  ONE  OF  THIS
 SECTION.
   3.  THE  TERM  "PURPOSE"  AS  USED  IN  THIS SECTION SHALL INCLUDE ANY
 DISCRIMINATORY PURPOSE.
   4. THE PURPOSE OF SUBDIVISION TWO OF THIS SECTION IS  TO  PROTECT  THE
 ABILITY OF SUCH CITIZENS TO ELECT THEIR PREFERRED CANDIDATES OF CHOICE.
   §  5. This act shall take effect on the first of January next succeed-
 ing the date on which it shall have become a law.