S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
 ________________________________________________________________________
 
                                   5755
 
                        2019-2020 Regular Sessions
 
                             I N  S E N A T E
 
                               May 14, 2019
                                ___________
 
 Introduced  by Sen. METZGER -- (at request of the Department of Agricul-
   ture and Markets) -- read twice and ordered printed, and when  printed
   to be committed to the Committee on Agriculture
 
 AN  ACT to amend the agriculture and markets law, in relation to certain
   definitions and agricultural districts and assessments; and  to  amend
   the  real  property  tax  law,  in  relation to the farm buildings tax
   exemption and authorizing farms to challenge the denial of an agricul-
   tural value assessment through  the  small  claims  assessment  review
   (SCAR) process
 
   THE  PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
 BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
 
   Section 1. Subdivision 4 of section 301 of the agriculture and markets
 law, as amended by chapter 445 of the laws of 2002,  the  opening  para-
 graph  as  amended  by chapter 344 of the laws of 2012, paragraph a-1 as
 added by chapter 611 of the laws of 2008,  paragraph  c  as  amended  by
 chapter 47 of the laws of 2011, paragraph h as amended by chapter 587 of
 the  laws  of  2005,  paragraph i as added by chapter 252 of the laws of
 2004, paragraph j as added by chapter 256 of the laws of 2006, paragraph
 k as added by chapter 341 of the laws of 2008, paragraph l as  added  by
 chapter  384 of the laws of 2011, paragraph m as added by chapter 547 of
 the laws of 2014 and paragraph n as added by chapter 192 of the laws  of
 2018, is amended to read as follows:
   4.  "Land  used in agricultural production" means [not less than seven
 acres of] land used as a single operation [in the preceding  two  years]
 for  the  production  for sale of crops, livestock or livestock products
 [of an average] WITH ANNUAL gross sales [value] of ten thousand  dollars
 or  more;  or,  not less than seven acres of land used [in the preceding
 two years] to support a commercial horse boarding operation or a commer-
 cial equine operation with annual gross receipts of ten thousand dollars
 or more. [Land used in agricultural production shall not include land or
 portions thereof used for processing or  retail  merchandising  of  such

  EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                       [ ] is old law to be omitted.
              

                                                            LBD09100-01-9

 S. 5755                             2

 crops,  livestock  or  livestock  products.]  Land  used in agricultural
 production shall also include:
   a.  Rented  land which otherwise satisfies the requirements for eligi-
 bility for an agricultural assessment.
   a-1. Land used by a not-for-profit institution  for  the  purposes  of
 agricultural research that is intended to improve the quality or quanti-
 ty  of  crops,  livestock or livestock products. Such land shall qualify
 for an agricultural assessment upon application made pursuant  to  para-
 graph  [(a)]  A of subdivision one of section three hundred five of this
 article, except that no  minimum  ANNUAL  gross  sales  value  shall  be
 required.
   b.  Land  of  not less than seven acres used as a single operation for
 the production for sale  of  crops,  livestock  or  livestock  products,
 exclusive of woodland products, which does not independently satisfy the
 ANNUAL  gross  sales  [value]  requirement[, where such land was used in
 such production for the preceding two years] and [currently] is CURRENT-
 LY being so used under a written rental  arrangement  of  five  or  more
 years  in  conjunction  with  land which is eligible for an agricultural
 assessment.
   c. Land used in support of a farm operation or land used  in  agricul-
 tural  production,  constituting a portion of a parcel, as identified on
 the assessment roll, which also contains land qualified for an  agricul-
 tural  assessment.  Such  land  shall include land used for agricultural
 amusements which are produced from crops grown or produced on the  farm,
 provided  that  such crops are harvested and marketed in the same manner
 as other crops produced on such farm. Such agricultural amusements shall
 include, but not be limited to, so-called  "corn  mazes"  or  "hay  bale
 mazes".
   d. Farm woodland which is part of land which is qualified for an agri-
 cultural  assessment, provided, however, that such farm woodland attrib-
 utable to any separately described and assessed parcel shall not  exceed
 fifty acres.
   e.  Land  set  aside  through  participation in a federal conservation
 program pursuant to title one of the federal food security act of  nine-
 teen  hundred eighty-five or any subsequent federal programs established
 for the purposes of replenishing highly erodible  land  which  has  been
 depleted  by  continuous tilling or reducing national surpluses of agri-
 cultural commodities  and  such  land  shall  qualify  for  agricultural
 assessment  upon application made pursuant to paragraph a of subdivision
 one of section three hundred five of this article, except that no  mini-
 mum ANNUAL gross sales [value] shall be required.
   f.  Land  of  not less than seven acres used as a single operation [in
 the preceding two years] for the production for sale of crops, livestock
 or livestock products [of an average] WITH ANNUAL gross sales [value] of
 ten thousand dollars or more, or land of less than seven acres used as a
 single operation [in the preceding two years]  for  the  production  for
 sale  of  crops,  livestock  or  livestock products [of an average] WITH
 ANNUAL gross sales [value] of fifty thousand dollars or more.
   g. Land under a structure within which crops, livestock  or  livestock
 products  are produced, provided that the sales of such crops, livestock
 or livestock products meet the ANNUAL gross sales requirements of [para-
 graph f of] this subdivision.
   [h. Land that is owned or rented by a farm operation in its  first  or
 second  year of agricultural production, or, in the case of a commercial
 horse boarding operation in its first or second year of operation,  that
 consists of (1) not less than seven acres used as a single operation for

 S. 5755                             3

 the  production for sale of crops, livestock or livestock products of an
 annual gross sales value of ten thousand dollars or more;  or  (2)  less
 than  seven acres used as a single operation for the production for sale
 of crops, livestock or livestock products of an annual gross sales value
 of  fifty  thousand dollars or more; or (3) land situated under a struc-
 ture within which crops, livestock or livestock products  are  produced,
 provided that such crops, livestock or livestock products have an annual
 gross sales value of (i) ten thousand dollars or more, if the farm oper-
 ation uses seven or more acres in agricultural production, or (ii) fifty
 thousand  dollars  or  more,  if the farm operation uses less than seven
 acres in agricultural production; or (4) not less than seven acres  used
 as  a  single operation to support a commercial horse boarding operation
 with annual gross receipts of ten thousand dollars or more.
   i.] H. Land of not less than seven acres used as  a  single  operation
 for  the production for sale of orchard or vineyard crops when such land
 is used solely for the purpose of planting a new orchard or vineyard and
 when such land is also owned or rented by a newly established farm oper-
 ation in its  first,  second,  third  or  fourth  year  of  agricultural
 production.
   [j.]  I.  Land of not less than seven acres used as a single operation
 for the production and sale of Christmas trees when such  land  is  used
 solely  for  the  purpose  of planting Christmas trees that will be made
 available for sale, whether dug for transplanting or cut from the  stump
 and when such land is owned or rented by a newly established farm opera-
 tion  in  its first, second, third, fourth or fifth year of agricultural
 production.
   [k.] J. Land used to support an apiary  products  operation  which  is
 owned by the operation and consists of (i) not less than seven acres nor
 more  than  ten  acres  used as a single operation [in the preceding two
 years] for the production for sale  of  crops,  livestock  or  livestock
 products [of an average] WITH ANNUAL gross sales [value] of ten thousand
 dollars or more or (ii) less than seven acres used as a single operation
 [in the preceding two years] for the production for sale of crops, live-
 stock  or  livestock  products  [of  an average] WITH ANNUAL gross sales
 [value] of fifty thousand dollars or more. The land used to  support  an
 apiary products operation shall include, but not be limited to, the land
 under  a  structure within which apiary products are produced, harvested
 and stored for sale; and a  buffer  area  maintained  by  the  operation
 between  the  operation  and  adjacent landowners.   Notwithstanding any
 other provision of this subdivision,  rented  land  associated  with  an
 apiary products operation is not eligible for an agricultural assessment
 based on this paragraph.
   [l.  Land  that is owned or rented by a farm operation in its first or
 second year of agricultural production or in the case  of  a  commercial
 equine  operation,  in  its  first  or  second  year  of operation, that
 consists of not less than seven acres and stabling at least ten  horses,
 regardless  of  ownership, that receives ten thousand dollars or more in
 gross receipts annually from fees generated  through  the  provision  of
 commercial  equine  activities  including,  but  not  limited  to riding
 lessons, trail riding activities or training of horses  or  through  the
 production  for  sale  of  crops,  livestock, and livestock products, or
 through both the provision of such commercial equine activities and such
 production. Under no circumstances shall this subdivision  be  construed
 to include operations whose primary on site function is horse racing.
   m.]  K.  Land used in silvopasturing, WHICH IS PART OF A SINGLE OPERA-
 TION THAT OTHERWISE SATISFIES THE REQUIREMENTS FOR  ELIGIBILITY  FOR  AN

 S. 5755                             4
 
 AGRICULTURAL  ASSESSMENT, shall be limited to up to ten fenced acres per
 large livestock, including cattle, horses and camelids, and up  to  five
 fenced  acres  per small livestock, such as sheep, hogs, goats and poul-
 try.  For  the purposes of this subdivision, "silvopasturing" shall mean
 the intentional combination of trees, forages and livestock managed as a
 single integrated practice for the collective benefit of each, including
 the planting of appropriate grasses and legume forages among  trees  for
 sound grazing and livestock husbandry.
   L.  LAND OR PORTIONS THEREOF USED FOR PROCESSING OR RETAIL MERCHANDIS-
 ING OF CROPS, LIVESTOCK OR LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS ON LAND WHICH IS PART OF A
 FARM OPERATION, AS DEFINED IN SECTION THREE HUNDRED ONE OF THIS ARTICLE,
 AND USED EXCLUSIVELY FOR THE PROCESSING AND  MARKETING  OF  AGRICULTURAL
 AND  HORTICULTURAL  COMMODITIES WHICH ARE GROWN ON LAND WHICH IS PART OF
 SUCH FARM OPERATION.
   [n.] M. Land of not less than seven acres used as a  single  operation
 for  the  production  for sale of hops when such land is used solely for
 the purpose of planting a new hopyard and when such land is  also  owned
 or  rented  by  a newly established farm operation in its first, second,
 third or fourth year of agricultural production.
   § 2. Subdivision 9 of section 301 of the agriculture and markets  law,
 as amended by chapter 440 of the laws of 1993, paragraphs c, d, e, and f
 as  amended and paragraph g as added by chapter 536 of the laws of 2008,
 is amended to read as follows:
   9. "Gross sales [value]" means the proceeds from the sale of:
   a. Crops, livestock and livestock products produced on  land  used  in
 agricultural production provided, however, that whenever a crop is proc-
 essed  before sale, the proceeds shall be based upon the market value of
 such crop in its unprocessed state;
   b. Woodland products from farm woodland eligible to receive  an  agri-
 cultural assessment, not to exceed two thousand dollars annually;
   c. Honey and beeswax produced by bees in hives located on an otherwise
 qualified  farm  operation  but which does not independently satisfy the
 gross sales requirement;
   d. Maple syrup, MAPLE CANDY, MAPLE SUGAR  AND  MAPLE  CREAM  processed
 from  maple  sap  produced  on  land  used in agricultural production in
 conjunction with the same or an otherwise qualified farm operation;
   e. Or payments received by reason of land set aside pursuant to  para-
 graph e of subdivision four of this section;
   F.  COMPOST, MULCH OR OTHER ORGANIC BIOMASS CROPS AS DEFINED IN SUBDI-
 VISION SEVENTEEN OF THIS SECTION PRODUCED ON LAND USED  IN  AGRICULTURAL
 PRODUCTION, NOT TO EXCEED FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS ANNUALLY;
   [f.]  G.  Or  payments  received  by thoroughbred breeders pursuant to
 section two hundred fifty-four of the racing, pari-mutuel  wagering  and
 breeding law; [and
   g.  Compost, mulch or other organic biomass crops as defined in subdi-
 vision sixteen of this section produced on  land  used  in  agricultural
 production, not to exceed five thousand dollars annually.]
   H.  OR IN A COMMERCIAL HORSE BOARDING OPERATION AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVI-
 SION THIRTEEN OF THIS SECTION, THE INCOME RECEIVED FROM THE BOARDING  OF
 HORSES  OR THROUGH THE PRODUCTION FOR SALE OF CROPS, LIVESTOCK AND LIVE-
 STOCK PRODUCTS OR THROUGH BOTH SUCH BOARDING AND SUCH PRODUCTION; AND
   I. OR IN A COMMERCIAL EQUINE OPERATION AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION EIGH-
 TEEN OF THIS SECTION, THE INCOME RECEIVED FROM  FEES  GENERATED  THROUGH
 THE PROVISION OF COMMERCIAL EQUINE ACTIVITIES INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 TO,  RIDING  LESSONS,  TRAIL  RIDING ACTIVITIES OR TRAINING OF HORSES OR
 THROUGH THE PRODUCTION  FOR  SALE  OF  CROPS,  LIVESTOCK  AND  LIVESTOCK

 S. 5755                             5
 
 PRODUCTS   OR   THROUGH  BOTH  COMMERCIAL  EQUINE  ACTIVITIES  AND  SUCH
 PRODUCTION.
   §  3.  Subdivision 1 of section 305 of the agriculture and markets law
 is amended by adding a new paragraph f to read as follows:
   F. THE COMMISSIONER MAY INITIATE AN INVESTIGATION PURSUANT TO  SECTION
 THIRTY-SIX OF THIS CHAPTER TO DETERMINE IF LAND WAS IMPROPERLY DENIED AN
 AGRICULTURAL  ASSESSMENT  PURSUANT  TO  THIS  SECTION  OR  SECTION THREE
 HUNDRED SIX OF THIS ARTICLE. IF THE COMMISSIONER FINDS AFTER SUCH INVES-
 TIGATION THAT LAND WAS IMPROPERLY DENIED SUCH ASSESSMENT, HE OR SHE  MAY
 ISSUE  AN ORDER PURSUANT TO SECTION THIRTY-SIX OF THIS CHAPTER TO COMPEL
 THE ASSESSOR TO APPROVE THE AGRICULTURAL ASSESSMENT AS PROVIDED  FOR  IN
 THIS ORDER.
   §  4.  Subdivision 4 of section 305 of the agriculture and markets law
 is amended by adding a new paragraph h-1 to read as follows:
   H-1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW TO  THE  CONTRARY,  NO
 ABOVE GROUND NATURAL GAS AND ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION LINE FACILITIES SHALL
 BE  SITED  ON LAND IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION WHICH IS LOCATED WITHIN AN
 AGRICULTURAL DISTRICT, OR LAND IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION THAT QUALIFIES
 FOR AND IS RECEIVING AN  AGRICULTURAL  ASSESSMENT  PURSUANT  TO  SECTION
 THREE HUNDRED SIX OF THIS ARTICLE.  NOTHING CONTAINED IN THIS PARAGRAPH,
 HOWEVER, SHALL BE DEEMED TO PROHIBIT SITING WHEN:
   (I)  THE OWNER OF SUCH LAND HAS ENTERED INTO A WRITTEN AGREEMENT WHICH
 SHALL INDICATE HIS OR HER CONSENT FOR SITE CONSIDERATION; OR
   (II) THE APPLICANT FOR A PERMIT HAS MADE A COMMITMENT  IN  THE  PERMIT
 APPLICATION  TO FUND A FARM LAND PROTECTION CONSERVATION EASEMENT WITHIN
 A REASONABLE PROXIMITY TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT IN  AN  AMOUNT  NOT  LESS
 THAN  THE  DOLLAR VALUE OF ANY SUCH FARM LAND PURCHASED FOR THE PROJECT;
 OR
   (III) THE COMMISSIONER HAS DETERMINED THAT ANY SUCH AGRICULTURAL  LAND
 TO  BE TAKEN, CONSTITUTES LESS THAN FIVE PERCENT OF THE LAND IN AGRICUL-
 TURAL PRODUCTION AND THE PROJECT SPONSOR HAS DONE EVERYTHING PRACTICABLE
 TO MINIMIZE ADVERSE IMPACTS TO THE LAND IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION.
   § 5. Subdivisions 2 and 8 of section 483 of the real property tax law,
 subdivision 2 as amended by chapter 35 of the laws of 2016, and subdivi-
 sion 8 as amended by chapter 411 of the laws of  2001,  are  amended  to
 read as follows:
   2.  The  term  "structures and buildings" shall include: (a) permanent
 and impermanent structures, including trellises and  pergolas,  made  of
 metal,  string  or wood, and buildings or portions thereof used directly
 and exclusively in the raising and production for sale  of  agricultural
 and horticultural commodities or necessary for the storage thereof[, but
 not structures and buildings or portions thereof used for the processing
 of agricultural and horticultural commodities, or the retail merchandis-
 ing  of  such commodities]; (b) STRUCTURES AND BUILDINGS LOCATED ON LAND
 WHICH IS PART OF A FARM OPERATION, AS DEFINED IN SECTION  THREE  HUNDRED
 ONE  OF  THE  AGRICULTURE  AND MARKETS LAW, AND USED EXCLUSIVELY FOR THE
 PROCESSING AND MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL AND  HORTICULTURAL  COMMODITIES
 WHICH ARE GROWN ON LAND WHICH IS PART OF SUCH FARM OPERATION; (C) struc-
 tures  and  buildings  used to provide housing for regular and essential
 employees and their immediate families who  are  primarily  employed  in
 connection  with the operation of lands actively devoted to agricultural
 and horticultural use, but not including structures and buildings  occu-
 pied  as  a  residence by the applicant and his OR HER immediate family;
 [(c)] (D) structures and buildings used as indoor exercise arenas exclu-
 sively for training and exercising horses in connection with the raising
 and production for sale of agricultural and horticultural commodities or

 S. 5755                             6
 
 in connection with a commercial horse boarding operation OR A COMMERCIAL
 EQUINE OPERATION as defined in section three hundred one of the agricul-
 ture and markets law. For purposes of this  section,  the  term  "indoor
 exercise  arenas"  shall not include [riding academies or] dude ranches;
 [(d)] (E) structures and buildings  used  in  the  production  of  maple
 syrup,  MAPLE  CANDY,  MAPLE SUGAR AND MAPLE CREAM; [(e)] (F) structures
 and buildings used in the production  of  honey  and  beeswax  including
 those  structures  and  buildings  used  for  the  storage  of bees. For
 purposes of this section, this shall not  include  those  structures  or
 buildings  and portions thereof used for the sale of maple syrup or sale
 of honey and beeswax. The term  "structures  and  buildings"  shall  not
 include  silos,  bulk milk tanks or coolers, or manure storage, handling
 and treatment facilities as such terms are used in section four  hundred
 eighty-three-a of this title.
   8.  As used in this section, the term "agricultural and horticultural"
 shall include the [activity]  ACTIVITIES  of  raising,  breeding  [and],
 TRAINING AND/OR boarding of livestock, including commercial horse board-
 ing  operations   AND COMMERCIAL EQUINE OPERATIONS AS DEFINED IN SECTION
 THREE HUNDRED ONE OF THE AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS LAW.
   § 6. Paragraph (b) and the closing  paragraph  of  subdivision  1  and
 subdivision 2 of section 730 of the real property tax law, paragraph (b)
 of  subdivision  1  as  amended  by chapter 154 of the laws of 1993, the
 closing paragraph of subdivision 1 as added by chapter 114 of  the  laws
 of  2012,  and  subdivision  2  as amended by chapter 714 of the laws of
 1982, are amended to read as follows:
   (b) the property is: (i) improved  by  a  one,  two  or  three  family
 owner-occupied structure used exclusively for residential purposes other
 than  property  subject  to  the  assessment limitations of section five
 hundred eighty-one of this chapter and article nine-B of the real  prop-
 erty  law [or]; (ii) the property is unimproved and is not of sufficient
 size as determined by the assessing unit or special  assessing  unit  to
 contain  a  one, two or three family residential structure; OR (III) THE
 PROPERTY HAS BEEN DENIED AN AGRICULTURAL VALUE ASSESSMENT AND/OR A  FARM
 BUILDINGS TAX EXEMPTION BY THE ASSESSOR UNDER SECTION THREE HUNDRED FIVE
 OR  THREE  HUNDRED  SIX  OF THE AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS LAW AND/OR UNDER
 SECTION FOUR HUNDRED EIGHTY-THREE OF THIS CHAPTER;
   An owner of real property who qualifies under paragraphs  (a)  through
 (d) of this subdivision shall also include:
   (i)  a  person  or persons whose real property is held in trust solely
 for the benefit of such person or persons if the property serves as  the
 primary  residence  of  such person or persons and the trust which holds
 title to the property was lawfully created  to  hold  title  solely  for
 estate planning and asset protection purposes; [and]
   (ii) a person or persons who reside in real property which is owned by
 a limited partnership if the property serves as the primary residence of
 such  person  or persons and said limited partnership does not engage in
 any commercial activity, was lawfully created to hold title  solely  for
 estate  planning  and asset protection purposes and the partner or part-
 ners who primarily reside thereon personally pay all of the real proper-
 ty taxes and other costs associated with the property's ownership; AND
   (III) A PERSON OR PERSONS, PARTNERSHIP, CORPORATION, LIMITED  PARTNER-
 SHIP  OR LIMITED LIABILITY CORPORATION WHICH OWNS REAL PROPERTY THAT HAS
 BEEN DENIED AN AGRICULTURAL VALUE ASSESSMENT AND/OR A FARM BUILDINGS TAX
 EXEMPTION BY THE ASSESSOR UNDER SECTION  THREE  HUNDRED  FIVE  OR  THREE
 HUNDRED SIX OF THE AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS LAW AND/OR UNDER SECTION FOUR
 HUNDRED  EIGHTY-THREE  OF THIS CHAPTER, WHERE SUCH REAL PROPERTY IS HELD

 S. 5755                             7

 IN TRUST SOLELY FOR THE BENEFIT OF SUCH PERSON OR PERSONS,  PARTNERSHIP,
 CORPORATION,  LIMITED  PARTNERSHIP  OR LIMITED LIABILITY CORPORATION AND
 THE TRUST WHICH HOLDS TITLE TO THE PROPERTY WAS LAWFULLY CREATED TO HOLD
 TITLE SOLELY FOR ESTATE PLANNING AND ASSET PROTECTION PURPOSES.
   2.  Upon  determining any such complaint every real property tax board
 of assessment review shall inform IN WRITING every owner of one, two  or
 three  family owner-occupied residential real property [in writing], AND
 EVERY OWNER OF PROPERTY THAT  HAS  BEEN  DENIED  AN  AGRICULTURAL  VALUE
 ASSESSMENT  AND/OR  A FARM BUILDINGS TAX EXEMPTION BY THE ASSESSOR UNDER
 SECTION THREE HUNDRED FIVE OR THREE HUNDRED SIX OF THE  AGRICULTURE  AND
 MARKETS LAW AND/OR UNDER SECTION FOUR HUNDRED EIGHTY-THREE OF THIS CHAP-
 TER,  of  the  right  to  small  claims  assessment review in the manner
 provided by subdivision four of section five hundred twenty-five of this
 chapter. Such notice shall specify the last date on which petitions must
 be filed and the location where small claims assessment review forms may
 be obtained. The petition form for small claims assessment review  shall
 be  provided to such property owner, upon request, at no cost in accord-
 ance with the rules promulgated pursuant to section seven hundred  thir-
 ty-seven of this title.
   § 7. This act shall take effect immediately and shall apply to taxable
 status  dates  occurring  on or after such date; provided, however, that
 section six of this act shall apply to petitions filed  against  assess-
 ment rolls prepared on or after the first of January next succeeding the
 date on which it shall have become a law.