S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
 ________________________________________________________________________
 
                                   2633
 
                        2023-2024 Regular Sessions
 
                           I N  A S S E M B L Y
 
                             January 26, 2023
                                ___________
 
 Introduced  by M. of A. WALKER, SIMON, RAMOS, BICHOTTE HERMELYN, THIELE,
   DICKENS -- read once and referred to the Committee on Election Law
 
 AN ACT to amend the election law, in relation to enacting the "democracy
   preservation act"; and in relation  to  prohibiting  contributions  by
   foreign-influenced business entities and requiring certification

   THE  PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
 BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
 
   Section 1. This act shall be known and may be cited as the  "democracy
 preservation act".
   §  2.  Legislative Findings. The legislature hereby finds and declares
 that New York state welcomes immigrants, visitors,  and  investors  from
 around the world. However, its elections should be decided by the people
 of  New  York and not by foreign investors or the business entities over
 which they exert influence. Corporations with partial foreign  ownership
 have  been  spending money to influence state and local elections in New
 York and around the country. The public has  a  compelling  interest  in
 limiting the participation of foreign entities in activities of American
 democratic  self-government,  which  include spending money to influence
 voters and finance campaigns, in  the  interest  of  preventing  foreign
 influence over the United States political process.
   Investors are the ultimate beneficiaries of corporate interests. Where
 part  of  the shareholders' equity is attributable to foreign investors,
 spending corporate treasury funds on New York elections  means  spending
 the equity of foreign entities on New York elections.
   Business  corporations  and  similar entities have a fiduciary duty to
 their shareholders, including investors around the world, and  generally
 prioritize  the  interests  of  such  shareholders,  which  may  diverge
 substantially from the interests of the people of New York and of  citi-
 zens of the United States. In addition, both formal procedures of corpo-
 rate  democracy and informal mechanisms of influence can provide foreign
 investors with substantial  influence  even  with  only  a  minority  of
 
  EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                       [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                            LBD02553-01-3
              

 A. 2633                             2
 
 shares.  The  United  States  Securities  and Exchange Commission, major
 capital investors, corporate managers, and corporate governance  experts
 broadly agree that ownership or control of one percent or more of shares
 can confer substantial influence on corporate decision-making.
   Political spending by foreign-influenced business entities can weaken,
 interfere with, or disrupt New York's democratic self-government and the
 faith  that  the electorate has in its elected officials. To protect the
 integrity of New York's democratic self-government, it is  necessary  to
 prevent  foreign-influenced  business entities from influencing New York
 elections through political spending.
   § 3. The election law is amended by adding a new section  14-116-a  to
 read as follows:
   §  14-116-A.  PROHIBITED  CONTRIBUTIONS BY FOREIGN-INFLUENCED BUSINESS
 ENTITIES. 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY PROVISION OF LAW TO  THE  CONTRARY,  IT
 SHALL  BE UNLAWFUL FOR A FOREIGN-INFLUENCED BUSINESS ENTITY, DIRECTLY OR
 INDIRECTLY, TO MAKE A CONTRIBUTION OR DONATION OF MONEY OR  OTHER  THING
 OF  VALUE,  OR  TO MAKE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE TO MAKE A CONTRIB-
 UTION OR DONATION, IN CONNECTION WITH A STATE OR LOCAL ELECTION.
   2. IT SHALL BE UNLAWFUL FOR A BUSINESS ENTITY PROHIBITED UNDER  SUBDI-
 VISION  ONE  OF THIS SECTION, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, TO MAKE A CONTRIB-
 UTION OR DONATION TO A CONSTITUTED  COMMITTEE,  INDEPENDENT  EXPENDITURE
 COMMITTEE, POLITICAL COMMITTEE, OR PARTY COMMITTEE.
   3.  IT SHALL BE UNLAWFUL FOR A BUSINESS ENTITY PROHIBITED UNDER SUBDI-
 VISION ONE OF THIS SECTION, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, TO MAKE AN  EXPENDI-
 TURE,  INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURE, OR DISBURSEMENT FOR A POLITICAL COMMUNI-
 CATION.
   4. IT SHALL BE UNLAWFUL FOR A PERSON TO KNOWINGLY SOLICIT, ACCEPT,  OR
 RECEIVE  A CONTRIBUTION OR DONATION DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION ONE, TWO OR
 THREE OF THIS SECTION FROM A FOREIGN-INFLUENCED BUSINESS ENTITY.
   5. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN SUBDIVISION SIX OF THIS SECTION, IT SHALL  BE
 UNLAWFUL  FOR  A  PERSON  WHO RECEIVES A CONTRIBUTION OR DONATION FROM A
 BUSINESS ENTITY TO USE THAT CONTRIBUTION OR DONATION, DIRECTLY OR  INDI-
 RECTLY,  FOR  ANY  OF THE PURPOSES DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION ONE, TWO, OR
 THREE OF THIS SECTION, OR TO CONTRIBUTE,  DONATE,  TRANSFER,  OR  CONVEY
 FUNDS FROM SUCH A CONTRIBUTION OR DONATION TO ANOTHER PERSON FOR USE FOR
 ANY  OF THE PURPOSES DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION ONE, TWO, OR THREE OF THIS
 SECTION. HOWEVER, A PERSON MAY USE FUNDS THAT DO  NOT  COMPLY  WITH  THE
 REQUIREMENTS OF THIS SECTION FOR OTHER LAWFUL PURPOSES.
   6.  A  PERSON  WHO RECEIVES A CONTRIBUTION OR DONATION FROM A BUSINESS
 ENTITY, AND ALSO RECEIVES FROM THE BUSINESS ENTITY A COPY OF THE  STATE-
 MENT OF CERTIFICATION DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION FOUR OF SECTION 14-116 OF
 THIS TITLE, MAY USE SUCH FUNDS FOR THE PURPOSES DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION
 ONE,  TWO, OR THREE OF THIS SECTION ONLY IF THE PERSON SEPARATELY DESIG-
 NATES, RECORDS, AND ACCOUNTS FOR SUCH FUNDS, AND ENSURES THAT  DISBURSE-
 MENTS  FOR  THE  PURPOSES DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION ONE, TWO, OR THREE OF
 THIS SECTION ARE ONLY MADE FROM FUNDS THAT COMPLY WITH THE  REQUIREMENTS
 OF  THIS  SECTION.  A  PERSON  MAY  RELY IN GOOD FAITH ON A STATEMENT OF
 CERTIFICATION THAT MEETS THE REQUIREMENTS OF SUBDIVISION FOUR OF SECTION
 14-116 OF THIS TITLE.
   7. ANY PERSON FOUND IN VIOLATION OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE GUILTY OF  A
 CLASS  E  FELONY  AND  SHALL  BE SUBJECT TO A CIVIL PENALTY EQUAL TO THE
 CONTRIBUTION OR DONATION AMOUNT PLUS  A  FINE  OF  UP  TO  TEN  THOUSAND
 DOLLARS, TO BE RECOVERABLE IN A SPECIAL PROCEEDING OR CIVIL ACTION TO BE
 BROUGHT BY THE STATE BOARD OF ELECTIONS CHIEF ENFORCEMENT COUNSEL.
   § 4. Section 14-100 of the election law is amended by adding three new
 subdivisions 18, 19 and 20 to read as follows:
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   18.  "FOREIGN-INFLUENCED"  SHALL  MEAN  A BUSINESS ENTITY FOR WHICH AT
 LEAST ONE OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS IS MET:
   I.  A  SINGLE  FOREIGN  OWNER  HOLDS, OWNS, CONTROLS, OR OTHERWISE HAS
 DIRECT OR INDIRECT BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP OF ONE PERCENT OR  MORE  OF  THE
 TOTAL  EQUITY,  OUTSTANDING  VOTING  SHARES,  MEMBERSHIP UNITS, OR OTHER
 APPLICABLE OWNERSHIP INTERESTS OF THE BUSINESS ENTITY; OR
   II. TWO OR MORE FOREIGN OWNERS, IN AGGREGATE, HOLD, OWN,  CONTROL,  OR
 OTHERWISE  HAVE  DIRECT OR INDIRECT BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP OF FIVE PERCENT
 OR MORE OF THE  TOTAL  EQUITY,  OUTSTANDING  VOTING  SHARES,  MEMBERSHIP
 UNITS,  OR  OTHER APPLICABLE OWNERSHIP INTERESTS OF THE BUSINESS ENTITY;
 OR
   III. A FOREIGN OWNER PARTICIPATES DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN THE  BUSI-
 NESS ENTITY'S DECISION-MAKING PROCESS WITH RESPECT TO THE BUSINESS ENTI-
 TY'S POLITICAL ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES.
   19.  "BUSINESS  ENTITY"  SHALL MEAN A FOR-PROFIT ENTITY DOING BUSINESS
 FOR PROFIT IN THE STATE OR  ELSEWHERE,  INCLUDING  A  FOR-PROFIT  CORPO-
 RATION,  COMPANY,  LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, BUSI-
 NESS TRUST, BUSINESS ASSOCIATION, JOINT-STOCK ASSOCIATION OR OTHER SIMI-
 LAR ENTITY.
   20. "FOREIGN OWNER" SHALL MEAN:
   I. A FOREIGN NATIONAL; OR
   II.  A  BUSINESS  ENTITY  WHEREIN  A  FOREIGN  NATIONAL  HOLDS,  OWNS,
 CONTROLS,  OR  OTHERWISE  HAS DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ACQUIRED BENEFICIAL
 OWNERSHIP OF EQUITY OR VOTING SHARES IN AN AMOUNT THAT IS  EQUAL  TO  OR
 GREATER  THAN  FIFTY  PERCENT  OF THE TOTAL EQUITY OR OUTSTANDING VOTING
 SHARES.
   § 5. Section 14-116 of the election law is amended  by  adding  a  new
 subdivision 4 to read as follows:
   4.  EVERY  BUSINESS ENTITY THAT MAKES AN EXPENDITURE, OR CONTRIBUTION,
 FOR POLITICAL PURPOSES FOR A STATE OR LOCAL ELECTION SHALL FILE WITH THE
 STATE BOARD OF ELECTIONS, WITHIN SEVEN BUSINESS DAYS AFTER  MAKING  SUCH
 EXPENDITURE  OR  CONTRIBUTION, ON THE FORM PRESCRIBED BY THE STATE BOARD
 OF ELECTIONS, A STATEMENT OF CERTIFICATION SIGNED BY THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE
 OFFICER, PRESIDENT OR OWNER UNDER PENALTY OF PERJURY, AVOWING THAT AFTER
 DUE INQUIRY, SUCH BUSINESS ENTITY WAS NOT A FOREIGN-INFLUENCED  BUSINESS
 ENTITY  ON  THE DATE SUCH EXPENDITURE OR CONTRIBUTION WAS MADE. BUSINESS
 ENTITIES SHALL PROVIDE A COPY OF THE STATEMENT OF CERTIFICATION REQUIRED
 BY THIS SUBDIVISION TO ANY CAMPAIGN OR COMMITTEE TO WHICH THEY  CONTRIB-
 UTE,  AND,  UPON  REQUEST  OF THE RECIPIENT, TO ANY OTHER PERSON TO WHOM
 THEY CONTRIBUTE.
   § 6. This act shall take effect on the one hundred eightieth day after
 it shall have become a law.  Effective immediately, the addition, amend-
 ment and/or repeal of any rule or regulation necessary for the implemen-
 tation of this act on its effective date are authorized to be made on or
 before such effective date.