S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
 ________________________________________________________________________
 
                                   4886
 
                        2023-2024 Regular Sessions
 
                           I N  A S S E M B L Y
 
                             February 24, 2023
                                ___________
 
 Introduced  by  M.  of  A. FITZPATRICK -- Multi-Sponsored by -- M. of A.
   MANKTELOW -- read once and referred to the Committee on Judiciary
 
 AN ACT to amend the real property law, in relation to the real  property
   regulatory impacts act
 
   THE  PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
 BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
 
   Section 1. The real property law is amended by adding  a  new  article
 12-D to read as follows:
 
                               ARTICLE 12-D
                   REAL PROPERTY REGULATORY IMPACTS ACT
 
 SECTION 447-A. SHORT TITLE.
         447-B. DEFINITIONS.
         447-C. ATTORNEY GENERAL RULE REVIEW.
         447-D. DIMINUTION IN VALUE.
         447-E. INVALIDATION.
         447-F. STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.
         447-G. CONSTITUTIONAL OR STATUTORY RIGHTS NOT RESTRICTED.
   §  447-A. SHORT TITLE. THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE KNOWN AND MAY BE CITED AS
 THE "REAL PROPERTY REGULATORY IMPACTS ACT".
   § 447-B. DEFINITIONS. FOR THE PURPOSES OF THIS ARTICLE, THE  FOLLOWING
 TERMS SHALL HAVE THE FOLLOWING MEANINGS:
   1.  "DIMINUTION  IN  VALUE  OF  FIFTY  PERCENT  OR MORE" MEANS A FIFTY
 PERCENT REDUCTION IN THE FAIR MARKET VALUE OF THE REAL PROPERTY  SUBJECT
 TO  ANY  STATE  STATUTE,  REGULATION  OR  RULE,  OR TO THE DENIAL OF ANY
 PERMIT, LICENSE OR AUTHORIZATION BY THE STATE.
   2. "INVERSE CONDEMNATION" MEANS A SUIT AGAINST THE  STATE  TO  RECOVER
 MONEY  DAMAGES  EQUAL  TO THE DIMINUTION IN THE FAIR MARKET VALUE OF THE
 PROPERTY.
 
  EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                       [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                            LBD08535-01-3
 A. 4886                             2
              

   3. "OWNER" MEANS THE OWNER OF THE REAL PROPERTY AT THE TIME THE  STATE
 STATUTE,  REGULATION  OR RULE TOOK EFFECT, OR THE OWNER AT THE TIME THAT
 THE PERMIT, LICENSE OR AUTHORIZATION WAS DENIED BY THE STATE.
   4.  "TAKING  OF  PRIVATE  PROPERTY"  MEANS AN ACTIVITY WHEREIN PRIVATE
 PROPERTY IS TAKEN SUCH THAT COMPENSATION TO THE OWNER OF  THAT  PROPERTY
 IS  REQUIRED  BY THE FIFTH AND FOURTEENTH AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
 OF THE UNITED STATES OR BY SECTION FOUR HUNDRED  FORTY-SEVEN-D  OF  THIS
 ARTICLE.
   5.  "PERSON"  MEANS A PERSON OR PERSONS HAVING AN INTEREST WHICH IS OR
 MAY BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY THE STATUTE, REGULATION OR RULE, OR BY  THE
 PROVISION OR CONDITION OF ANY PERMIT, LICENSE OR AUTHORIZATION.
   §  447-C. ATTORNEY GENERAL RULE REVIEW.  NO RULE OR REGULATION PROMUL-
 GATED BY ANY STATE AGENCY, DIVISION, BOARD OR  COMMISSION  SHALL  BECOME
 EFFECTIVE  UNTIL  THE  ATTORNEY  GENERAL HAS REVIEWED SUCH RULE OR REGU-
 LATION AND HAS INFORMED THE ISSUING ENTITY IN WRITING AS TO  THE  POTEN-
 TIAL OF SUCH RULE OR REGULATION TO RESULT IN A TAKING OF PRIVATE PROPER-
 TY.
   §  447-D.  DIMINUTION  IN  VALUE. 1. CAUSE OF ACTION. THE OWNER OF ANY
 REAL PROPERTY MAY BRING AN ACTION AGAINST THE STATE WHENEVER THE  APPLI-
 CATION  OF  ANY STATE STATUTE, RULE OR REGULATION TO SUCH REAL PROPERTY,
 OR THE DENIAL OF ANY PERMIT, LICENSE OR AUTHORIZATION OF ANY KIND BY THE
 STATE CAUSES A DIMINUTION IN VALUE OF THE PROPERTY OF FIFTY  PERCENT  OR
 MORE.
   2. JURISDICTION. SUCH ACTION MAY BE FILED IN SUPREME COURT WHICH SHALL
 HAVE  EXCLUSIVE  JURISDICTION OF THE CLAIM, AND THE OWNER SHALL BE ENTI-
 TLED TO A TRIAL BY JURY. IN SUCH ACTION, THE OWNER MAY EITHER RECOVER:
   (A) A SUM EQUAL TO THE DIMINUTION IN VALUE OF THE REAL  PROPERTY,  AND
 RETAIN TITLE THERETO; OR
   (B)  THE  ENTIRE  FAIR  MARKET VALUE OF THE REAL PROPERTY PRIOR TO THE
 DIMINUTION IN VALUE OF FIFTY PERCENT OR MORE, AND TRANSFER TITLE TO  THE
 STATE  UPON  PAYMENT  OF SUCH FAIR MARKET VALUE. IN ANY SUCH ACTION, THE
 COURT MAY AWARD REASONABLE AND NECESSARY COSTS, INCLUDING ATTORNEY FEES,
 TO ANY PREVAILING PLAINTIFF. IF  THE  STATUTE,  RULE  OR  REGULATION  IS
 RESCINDED,  OR IF THE PERMIT, LICENSE OR AUTHORIZATION IS GRANTED, PRIOR
 TO FINAL JUDGMENT, THEN THE OWNER SHALL BE ENTITLED TO  RECOVER  IN  THE
 PENDING  ACTION  ANY  REASONABLE AND NECESSARY COSTS, INCLUDING ATTORNEY
 FEES, INCURRED TO DATE, TOGETHER WITH ANY ECONOMIC LOSSES  SUSTAINED  BY
 REASON  OF  THE ACTS GIVING RISE TO THE DIMINUTION IN VALUE. IT SHALL BE
 AN AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE TO ANY SUCH ACTION IF THE OWNER'S USE OR PROPOSED
 USE OF THE REAL PROPERTY AMOUNTS TO A PUBLIC  NUISANCE  WHICH  SHALL  BE
 DEFINED  AS A SUBSTANTIAL AND UNREASONABLE INTERFERENCE WITH THE USE AND
 ENJOYMENT OF AN INTEREST IN LAND WHICH IS COMMON TO THE PUBLIC.
   § 447-E. INVALIDATION. 1. CAUSE OF ACTION. ANY PERSON MAY  COMMENCE  A
 CIVIL ACTION IN SUPREME COURT ON HIS OR HER OWN BEHALF AGAINST THE STATE
 TO INVALIDATE ANY STATUTE, RULE OR REGULATION PERTAINING TO REAL PROPER-
 TY,  OR  TO INVALIDATE ANY PROVISION OR CONDITION OF ANY PERMIT, LICENSE
 OR AUTHORIZATION WHICH DOES NOT SUBSTANTIALLY ADVANCE ITS STATED GOVERN-
 MENTAL PURPOSE.
   2. RIPENESS. A SUIT FOR INVALIDATION SHALL BE  RIPE  FOR  ADJUDICATION
 UPON THE ENACTMENT OF THE STATUTE, REGULATION OR RULE, OR THE IMPOSITION
 OF ANY PROVISION OR CONDITION OF ANY PERMIT, LICENSE OR AUTHORIZATION TO
 ANY PARCEL OF REAL PROPERTY.
   §  447-F.  STATUTE  OF LIMITATIONS. 1. APPLICATION.  THE PROVISIONS OF
 THIS ARTICLE SHALL APPLY TO STATE STATUTES, RULES  AND  REGULATIONS  AND
 ANY  PROVISION  OR CONDITION OF ANY PERMIT, LICENSE OR AUTHORIZATION, IN
 EFFECT ON OR AFTER THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS ARTICLE.
 A. 4886                             3
 
   2. STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS. THE  STATUTE  OF  LIMITATIONS  FOR  ACTIONS
 BROUGHT  PURSUANT  TO THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE SIX YEARS FROM THE ENACTMENT
 OF ANY STATUTE, REGULATION OR RULE, OR THE DENIAL OF ANY PERMIT, LICENSE
 OR AUTHORIZATION BY THE STATE.
   § 447-G. CONSTITUTIONAL OR STATUTORY RIGHTS NOT RESTRICTED. NOTHING IN
 THIS  ARTICLE  SHALL  RESTRICT  ANY  REMEDY OR RIGHT WHICH ANY PERSON OR
 CLASS OF PERSONS MAY HAVE UNDER ANY PROVISION OF THE  STATE  OR  FEDERAL
 CONSTITUTION OR LAWS OF THE STATE OR UNITED STATES.
   § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.