S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
8923
I N A S S E M B L Y
January 26, 2024
___________
Introduced by M. of A. HEVESI, CLARK, RAGA, SIMON, KELLES, DINOWITZ,
L. ROSENTHAL, BURGOS, EPSTEIN, AUBRY, ARDILA, ZACCARO, CARROLL,
LAVINE, REYES, GLICK, BURDICK, ZINERMAN, GONZALEZ-ROJAS, LEVENBERG,
WEPRIN, MAMDANI, ANDERSON, JACKSON, CRUZ, HYNDMAN, FORREST, SEPTIMO,
SEAWRIGHT, BRONSON, CUNNINGHAM, MEEKS, ALVAREZ, PRETLOW, PAULIN, DICK-
ENS, DE LOS SANTOS, BORES, SIMONE, VANEL, GALLAGHER, FAHY, OTIS, WALK-
ER, GIBBS -- read once and referred to the Committee on Children and
Families
AN ACT to amend the family court act and the criminal procedure law, in
relation to the custodial interrogation of juveniles by law enforce-
ment
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Subdivision 3 of section 305.2 of the family court act, as
added by chapter 920 of the laws of 1982, is amended to read as follows:
3. If an officer takes such child into custody or if a child is deliv-
ered to him OR HER under section 305.1, he OR SHE shall immediately,
BEFORE TRANSPORTING THE CHILD TO THE POLICE STATION HOUSE, notify the
parent or other person legally responsible for the child's care, or if
such legally responsible person is unavailable the person with whom the
child resides, that the child has been taken into custody.
§ 2. Paragraph (a) of subdivision 4 of section 305.2 of the family
court act, as added by chapter 920 of the laws of 1982, is amended to
read as follows:
(a) WHEN THE OFFICER REASONABLY BELIEVES SUCH PARENT OR OTHER PERSON
LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CHILD'S CARE WILL APPEAR, TAKE THE CHILD TO
HIS OR HER HOME, THE STATION HOUSE, OR ANOTHER LOCATION AGREED UPON WITH
THE PARENT OR PERSON LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE, AND release the child to the
custody of [his parents or other person legally responsible for his
care] SUCH PERSON upon the issuance in accordance with section 307.1 of
a family court appearance ticket to the child and the person to whose
custody the child is released; or
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD03283-01-3
A. 8923 2
§ 3. Paragraph (b) of subdivision 4 of section 305.2 of the family
court act, as amended by section 63 of part WWW of chapter 59 of the
laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows:
(b) WHEN THE OFFICER DOES NOT REASONABLY BELIEVE THE PARENT OR OTHER
PERSON LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CHILD'S CARE WILL APPEAR FOR THE
CHILD, forthwith and with all reasonable speed take the child directly,
and without his OR HER first being taken to the police station house, to
the family court located in the county in which the act occasioning the
taking into custody allegedly was committed, or, when the family court
is not in session, to the most accessible magistrate, if any, designated
by the appellate division of the supreme court in the applicable depart-
ment to conduct a hearing under section 307.4 [of this part, unless the
officer determines that it is necessary to question the child, in which
case he or she may take the child to a facility designated by the chief
administrator of the courts as a suitable place for the questioning of
children or, upon the consent of a parent or other person legally
responsible for the care of the child, to the child's residence and
there question him or her for a reasonable period of time]; or
§ 4. Paragraph (c) of subdivision 4 of section 305.2 of the family
court act, as amended by section 3 of part G of chapter 58 of the laws
of 2010, is amended to read as follows:
(c) WHEN THE OFFICER DOES NOT RELEASE THE CHILD PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH
(A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION, OR TAKE THE CHILD TO FAMILY COURT OR TO A
MAGISTRATE PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH (B) OF THIS SUBDIVISION, take the child
to a place certified by the office of children and family services as a
juvenile detention facility for the reception of children; or
§ 5. Subdivision 5 of section 305.2 of the family court act, as
amended by chapter 398 of the laws of 1983, is amended to read as
follows:
5. If such child has allegedly committed a designated felony act as
defined in subdivision eight of section 301.2, and the family court in
the county is in session, the officer shall forthwith take the child
directly to such family court[, unless the officer takes the child to a
facility for questioning in accordance with paragraph (b) of subdivision
four. If such child has not allegedly committed a designated felony act
and such family court is in session, the officer shall either forthwith
take the child directly to such family court, unless the officer takes
the child to a facility for questioning in accordance with paragraph (b)
of subdivision four or release the child in accordance with paragraph
(a) of subdivision four] OR, WHEN THE FAMILY COURT IS NOT IN SESSION, TO
THE MOST ACCESSIBLE MAGISTRATE, IF ANY, DESIGNATED BY THE APPELLATE
DIVISION OF THE SUPREME COURT IN THE APPLICABLE DEPARTMENT TO CONDUCT A
HEARING UNDER SECTION 307.4.
§ 6. Subdivision 6 of section 305.2 of the family court act, as added
by chapter 920 of the laws of 1982, is amended to read as follows:
6. [In all other cases] IF SUCH CHILD HAS NOT ALLEGEDLY COMMITTED A
DESIGNATED FELONY ACT, and in the absence of special circumstances, the
officer shall release the child in accordance with paragraph (a) of
subdivision four.
§ 7. Subdivisions 7 and 8 of section 305.2 of the family court act,
subdivision 7 as amended by chapter 398 of the laws of 1983 and subdivi-
sion 8 as amended by chapter 299 of the laws of 2020, are amended and a
new subdivision 10 is added to read as follows:
7. IF THE OFFICER DETERMINES THAT QUESTIONING OF THE CHILD IS NECES-
SARY PRIOR TO TAKING ACTION AUTHORIZED BY SUBDIVISION FOUR OR FIVE, THE
OFFICER MAY TAKE THE CHILD TO A FACILITY DESIGNATED BY THE CHIEF ADMIN-
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ISTRATOR OF THE COURTS AS A SUITABLE PLACE FOR THE QUESTIONING OF CHIL-
DREN OR, UPON THE CONSENT OF A PARENT OR OTHER PERSON LEGALLY RESPONSI-
BLE FOR THE CARE OF THE CHILD, TO THE CHILD'S RESIDENCE AND THERE,
SUBJECT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF SUBDIVISION EIGHT, QUESTION HIM OR HER
FOR A REASONABLE PERIOD OF TIME.
8. A child shall not be questioned pursuant to this section unless
[he] OR UNTIL:
(A) THE CHILD and a person required to be notified pursuant to subdi-
vision three if present, have been advised:
[(a)] (I) of the child's right to remain silent;
[(b)] (II) that the statements made by the child may be used in a
court of law;
[(c)] (III) of the child's right to have an attorney present at such
questioning; and
[(d)] (IV) of the child's right to have an attorney provided for him
OR HER without charge if he OR SHE is indigent; AND
(B) THE CHILD HAS CONSULTED WITH LEGAL COUNSEL IN PERSON, BY TELE-
PHONE, OR BY VIDEO CONFERENCE. THIS CONSULTATION MAY NOT BE WAIVED.
[8.] 9. In determining the suitability of questioning and determining
the reasonable period of time for questioning such a child, the child's
age, the presence or absence of his or her parents or other persons
legally responsible for his or her care, notification pursuant to subdi-
vision three and, where the child has been interrogated at a facility
designated by the chief administrator of the courts as a suitable place
for the questioning of juveniles, whether the interrogation was in
compliance with the video-recording and disclosure requirements of
subdivision five-a of this section shall be included among relevant
considerations.
10. IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS THAT MUST BE SUPPRESSED AS INVOLUNTARILY
MADE WITHIN THE DEFINITION IN SUBDIVISION TWO OF SECTION 344.2, A STATE-
MENT SHALL BE SUPPRESSED: WHEN THE CHILD HAS NOT CONSULTED WITH LEGAL
COUNSEL AS REQUIRED BY PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION EIGHT; OR WHEN A
PERSON NOTIFIED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION THREE, IF PRESENT, HAS NOT BEEN
ADVISED OF AND VOLUNTARILY WAIVED THE RIGHTS DELINEATED IN PARAGRAPH (A)
OF SUBDIVISION EIGHT.
§ 8. Section 724 of the family court act, the section heading and
subdivisions (b) and (c) as amended by chapter 843 of the laws of 1980,
subdivision (a) as amended by chapter 920 of the laws of 1982, para-
graphs (i) and (ii) as amended and paragraph (iv) of subdivision (b) as
added by section 4 of part E of chapter 57 of the laws of 2005, para-
graph (iii) of subdivision (b) as amended by section 7 of part M of
chapter 56 of the laws of 2017, and subdivision (d) as added by chapter
809 of the laws of 1963, is amended to read as follows:
§ 724. Duties of police officer or peace officer after taking into
custody or on delivery by private person. (a) If a peace officer or a
police officer takes into custody or if a person is delivered to him OR
HER under section seven hundred twenty-three, the officer shall imme-
diately, BEFORE TRANSPORTING THE CHILD TO ANY OTHER LOCATION, notify the
parent or other person legally responsible for his OR HER care, or the
person with whom he OR SHE is domiciled, that he OR SHE has been taken
into custody.
(b) After making every reasonable effort to give notice under [para-
graph] SUBDIVISION (a) OF THIS SECTION, the officer shall
(i) WHEN THE OFFICER REASONABLY BELIEVES SUCH PARENT OR OTHER PERSON
LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CHILD'S CARE WILL APPEAR, TAKE THE CHILD TO
HIS OR HER HOME, THE POLICE STATION HOUSE, OR ANOTHER LOCATION AGREED
A. 8923 4
UPON WITH THE PARENT OR PERSON LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE, AND release the
youth to the custody of [his or her parent or other] SUCH person [legal-
ly responsible for his or her care] upon the written promise, without
security, of the person to whose custody the youth is released that he
or she will produce the youth before the lead agency designated pursuant
to section seven hundred thirty-five of this article in that county at a
time and place specified in writing; or
(ii) WHEN THE OFFICER DOES NOT REASONABLY BELIEVE SUCH PARENT OR OTHER
PERSON LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CHILD'S CARE WILL APPEAR FOR THE
CHILD, forthwith and with all reasonable speed take the youth directly,
and without first being taken to the police station house, to the desig-
nated lead agency located in the county in which the act occasioning the
taking into custody allegedly was done[, unless the officer determines
that it is necessary to question the youth, in which case he or she may
take the youth to a facility designated by the chief administrator of
the courts as a suitable place for the questioning of youth or, upon the
consent of a parent or other person legally responsible for the care of
the youth, to the youth's residence and there question him or her for a
reasonable period of time]; or
(iii) take a youth in need of crisis intervention or respite services
to a runaway and homeless youth crisis services program or other
approved respite or crisis program; or
(iv) take the youth directly to the family court located in the county
in which the act occasioning the taking into custody was allegedly done,
provided that the officer affirms on the record that he or she attempted
to exercise the options identified in paragraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) of
this subdivision, was unable to exercise these options, and the reasons
therefor.
(c) In the absence of special circumstances, the officer shall release
the child in accord with paragraph [(b)] (i) OF SUBDIVISION (B) OF THIS
SECTION.
(d) IF THE OFFICER DETERMINES THAT QUESTIONING OF THE CHILD IS NECES-
SARY PRIOR TO TAKING ACTION AUTHORIZED BY SUBDIVISION (B) OF THIS
SECTION, THE OFFICER MAY TAKE THE CHILD TO A FACILITY DESIGNATED BY THE
CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR OF THE COURTS AS A SUITABLE PLACE FOR THE QUESTION-
ING OF CHILDREN OR, UPON THE CONSENT OF A PARENT OR OTHER PERSON LEGALLY
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CARE OF THE CHILD, TO THE CHILD'S RESIDENCE AND
THERE, SUBJECT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF SUBDIVISION (E) OF THIS SECTION,
QUESTION HIM OR HER FOR A REASONABLE PERIOD OF TIME.
(E) In determining THE SUITABILITY OF QUESTIONING AND DETERMINING what
is a "reasonable period of time" for questioning a child, the child's
age [and], the presence or absence of his OR HER parents or other person
legally responsible for his OR HER care AND NOTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION shall be included among the relevant
considerations.
(F) NO STATEMENT MADE TO A PEACE OFFICER OR A POLICE OFFICER PRIOR TO
THE COMMENCEMENT OF A FACT-FINDING HEARING MAY BE ADMITTED INTO EVIDENCE
AT A FACT-FINDING HEARING.
§ 9. Subdivision 6 of section 140.20 of the criminal procedure law, as
amended by section 20 of part WWW of chapter 59 of the laws of 2017, is
amended to read as follows:
6. (A) Upon arresting a juvenile offender or a person sixteen or
[commencing October first, two thousand nineteen,] seventeen years of
age without a warrant, the police officer shall immediately, BEFORE
TRANSPORTING THE CHILD TO THE POLICE STATION HOUSE, notify the parent or
other person legally responsible for his or her care or the person with
A. 8923 5
whom he or she is domiciled, that such JUVENILE offender or [person]
SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD has been arrested, and the location of the
facility where he or she [is being] WILL BE detained.
(B) If the officer determines that it is necessary to question a juve-
nile offender or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD, the offi-
cer must take him or her to a facility designated by the chief adminis-
trator of the courts as a suitable place for the questioning of children
or, upon the consent of a parent or other person legally responsible for
the care of the juvenile or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD,
to his or her residence and there, SUBJECT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF PARA-
GRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVISION, question him or her for a reasonable
period of time.
(C) A juvenile OFFENDER or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD
shall not be questioned pursuant to this section unless OR UNTIL:
(I) he or she and a person required to be notified pursuant to PARA-
GRAPH (A) OF this subdivision, if present, have been advised:
[(a)] (A) of the juvenile offender's or [such person's] SIXTEEN OR
SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD'S right to remain silent;
[(b)] (B) that the statements made by him or her may be used in a
court of law;
[(c)] (C) of his or her right to have an attorney present at such
questioning; and
[(d)] (D) of his or her right to have an attorney provided for him or
her without charge if he or she is unable to afford counsel[.];
(II) THE JUVENILE OFFENDER OR SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD HAS
CONSULTED WITH AN ATTORNEY IN PERSON, BY TELEPHONE, OR BY VIDEO CONFER-
ENCE. THIS CONSULTATION MAY NOT BE WAIVED.
(D) In determining the suitability of questioning and determining the
reasonable period of time for questioning such a juvenile offender or
[person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD, his or her age, the presence or
absence of his or her parents or other persons legally responsible for
his or her care and notification pursuant to PARAGRAPH (A) OF this
subdivision shall be included among relevant considerations.
(E) IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS THAT MUST BE SUPPRESSED AS INVOLUNTARILY
MADE WITHIN THE DEFINITION IN SUBDIVISION TWO OF SECTION 60.45 OF THIS
CHAPTER, A STATEMENT SHALL BE SUPPRESSED: WHEN THE CHILD HAS NOT
CONSULTED WITH AN ATTORNEY AS REQUIRED BY PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVI-
SION; OR WHEN A PERSON NOTIFIED PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDI-
VISION, IF PRESENT, HAS NOT BEEN ADVISED OF AND VOLUNTARILY WAIVED THE
RIGHTS DELINEATED IN PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVISION.
§ 10. Subdivision 5 of section 140.27 of the criminal procedure law,
as amended by section 23 of part WWW of chapter 59 of the laws of 2017,
is amended to read as follows:
5. (A) Upon arresting a juvenile offender or a person sixteen or
[commencing October first, two thousand nineteen,] seventeen years of
age without a warrant, the peace officer shall immediately, BEFORE
TRANSPORTING THE CHILD TO THE POLICE STATION HOUSE, notify the parent or
other person legally responsible for his or her care or the person with
whom he or she is domiciled, that such JUVENILE offender or [person]
SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD has been arrested, and the location of the
facility where he or she [is being] WILL BE detained.
(B) If the officer determines that it is necessary to question a juve-
nile offender or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD, the offi-
cer must take him or her to a facility designated by the chief adminis-
trator of the courts as a suitable place for the questioning of children
or, upon the consent of a parent or other person legally responsible for
A. 8923 6
the care of a juvenile offender or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN
YEAR OLD, to his or her residence and there, SUBJECT TO THE REQUIREMENTS
OF PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVISION, question him or her for a reason-
able period of time.
(C) A juvenile offender or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD
shall not be questioned pursuant to this section unless OR UNTIL:
(I) the juvenile offender or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR
OLD and a person required to be notified pursuant to PARAGRAPH (A) OF
this subdivision, if present, have been advised:
[(a)] (A) of his or her right to remain silent;
[(b)] (B) that the statements made by the juvenile offender or [such
person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD may be used in a court of law;
[(c)] (C) of his or her right to have an attorney present at such
questioning; and
[(d)] (D) of his or her right to have an attorney provided for him or
her without charge if he or she is unable to afford counsel[.]; AND
(II) THE JUVENILE OFFENDER OR SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD HAS
CONSULTED WITH AN ATTORNEY IN PERSON, BY TELEPHONE OR BY VIDEO CONFER-
ENCE. THIS CONSULTATION MAY NOT BE WAIVED.
(D) In determining the suitability of questioning and determining the
reasonable period of time for questioning such a juvenile offender or
[such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD his or her age, the presence
or absence of his or her parents or other persons legally responsible
for his or her care and notification pursuant to PARAGRAPH (A) OF this
subdivision shall be included among relevant considerations.
(E) IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS THAT MUST BE SUPPRESSED AS INVOLUNTARILY
MADE WITHIN THE DEFINITION IN SUBDIVISION TWO OF SECTION 60.45 OF THIS
CHAPTER, A STATEMENT SHALL BE SUPPRESSED: WHEN THE CHILD HAS NOT
CONSULTED WITH AN ATTORNEY AS REQUIRED BY PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVI-
SION; OR WHEN A PERSON NOTIFIED PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDI-
VISION, IF PRESENT, HAS NOT BEEN ADVISED OF AND VOLUNTARILY WAIVED THE
RIGHTS DELINEATED IN PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVISION.
§ 11. Subdivision 5 of section 140.40 of the criminal procedure law,
as amended by section 24 of part WWW of chapter 59 of the laws of 2017,
is amended to read as follows:
5. (A) If a police officer takes an arrested juvenile offender or a
person sixteen or [commencing October first, two thousand nineteen,]
seventeen years of age into custody, the police officer shall immediate-
ly, BEFORE TRANSPORTING THE CHILD TO THE POLICE STATION HOUSE notify the
parent or other person legally responsible for his or her care or the
person with whom he or she is domiciled, that such JUVENILE offender or
[person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD has been arrested, and the
location of the facility where he or she [is being] WILL BE detained.
(B) If the officer determines that it is necessary to question a juve-
nile offender or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD the officer
must take him or her to a facility designated by the chief administrator
of the courts as a suitable place for the questioning of children or,
upon the consent of a parent or other person legally responsible for the
care of the juvenile offender or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR
OLD, to his or her residence and there, SUBJECT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF
PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVISION, question him or her for a reasonable
period of time.
(c) A juvenile offender or [such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD
shall not be questioned pursuant to this section unless OR UNTIL:
(I) he or she and a person required to be notified pursuant to PARA-
GRAPH (A) OF this subdivision, if present, have been advised:
A. 8923 7
[(a)] (A) of his or her right to remain silent;
[(b)] (B) that the statements made by the juvenile offender or [such
person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD may be used in a court of law;
[(c)] (C) of his or her right to have an attorney present at such
questioning; and
[(d)] (D) of his or her right to have an attorney provided for him or
her without charge if he or she is unable to afford counsel[.]; AND
(II) THE JUVENILE OFFENDER OR SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD HAS
CONSULTED WITH AN ATTORNEY IN PERSON, BY TELEPHONE, OR BY VIDEO CONFER-
ENCE. THIS CONSULTATION MAY NOT BE WAIVED.
(D) In determining the suitability of questioning and determining the
reasonable period of time for questioning such a juvenile offender or
[such person] SIXTEEN OR SEVENTEEN YEAR OLD, his or her age, the pres-
ence or absence of his or her parents or other persons legally responsi-
ble for his or her care and notification pursuant to PARAGRAPH (A) OF
this subdivision shall be included among relevant considerations.
(E) IN ADDITION TO STATEMENTS THAT MUST BE SUPPRESSED AS INVOLUNTARILY
MADE WITHIN THE DEFINITION IN SUBDIVISION TWO OF SECTION 60.45 OF THIS
CHAPTER, A STATEMENT SHALL BE SUPPRESSED: WHEN THE CHILD HAS NOT
CONSULTED WITH AN ATTORNEY AS REQUIRED BY PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVI-
SION; OR WHEN A PERSON NOTIFIED PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDI-
VISION, IF PRESENT, HAS NOT BEEN ADVISED OF AND VOLUNTARILY WAIVED THE
RIGHTS DELINEATED IN PARAGRAPH (C) OF THIS SUBDIVISION.
§ 12. This act shall take effect April 1, 2024.