S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
 ________________________________________________________________________
 
                                   9105
 
                             I N  S E N A T E
 
                              April 26, 2024
                                ___________
 
 Introduced  by  Sen. KRUEGER -- read twice and ordered printed, and when
   printed to be committed to the Committee on Consumer Protection
 
 AN ACT to amend the  general  business  law,  in  relation  to  labeling
   requirements for gas stoves
 
   THE  PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
 BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:

   Section 1. Short title. This act shall be known and may  be  cited  as
 the "Healthy Homes Right To Know Act".
   § 2. Legislative findings. The legislature finds and declares that:
   1.  New  York  has a long history of protecting its citizens by making
 sure they have adequate knowledge to make informed purchasing decisions.
   2. The public is broadly unaware of the health dangers  posed  by  gas
 stoves.  On  May  8,  2023,  ten  state attorneys general, including the
 attorney general of New York State as well as the New York  City  Corpo-
 ration  Counsel, sent a letter to the Consumer Product Safety Commission
 (CPSC), in which they asserted, "Most of the research  and  evidence  on
 the  health  risks associated with elevated levels of emissions from gas
 appliances has been circulated among decisionmakers and  engaged  stake-
 holders.  This  has  left the public to try to piece together health and
 safety information--which can be false or misleading--from the internet,
 social media, and other non-authoritative sources. Thus, when  it  comes
 to gas stove emissions, consumers are presently unprotected against, and
 inadequately  informed about, the health hazards these appliances pose."
 Those dangers may now be particularly acute as, according  to  the  U.S.
 Environmental  Protection  Agency, "Americans on average, spend approxi-
 mately 90% of their time indoors where concentrations of some pollutants
 are often 2 to 5 times higher than typical outdoor concentrations."
   3. The same letter suggests, "requiring warning labels on  gas  stoves
 that provide more information on their health risks". The letter goes on
 to say, "Proper labeling on gas stoves would represent an important step
 in  helping  to educate consumers about the health risks associated with
 gas stoves. Providing this information upfront is essential to  enabling
 consumers to make a fully informed decision."
 
  EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                       [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                            LBD14481-02-4
              

 S. 9105                             2
 
   4.  Current  New  York state regulations regarding unvented gas appli-
 ances are inconsistent. Since there is no statewide requirement that gas
 stoves be ventilated to the outdoors, a precautionary approach to public
 safety requires that these appliances be treated as unvented.
   5. Although the research regarding the impacts of unvented gas heaters
 is vastly less robust than that regarding gas stoves, the New York State
 Department  of Health nonetheless adopted regulations in January of 2023
 to require labeling of unvented gas heaters  including,  "WARNING:  This
 appliance produces CARBON MONOXIDE, a poisonous gas. You MUST use carbon
 monoxide  alarms  to  avoid  injury or death". Labeling requirements for
 unvented heaters in California also include  warnings  of  exposure  to:
 "...chemicals including benzene, which is known to the state of Califor-
 nia to cause cancer and cause birth defects or other reproductive harm".
   6.  Given that the research regarding gas stoves is even more complete
 and compelling, New York State should also act to inform the  public  as
 has already been done with unvented gas heaters.
   7. The scientific consensus on gas stove emissions is robust and grow-
 ing.    It  is  now  understood that gas stoves can emit carbon monoxide
 (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), benzene, and formaldehyde.  Methane  emis-
 sions  can occur even when the gas stove is turned off. According to the
 Concerned Health Professionals of New York and the Physicians for Social
 Responsibility, "Nearly three-quarters of  methane  emissions  from  gas
 stoves  take  place while the stove is turned off and not in use. At the
 same time levels of hazardous air pollutants from everyday  use  of  gas
 stoves  often exceed the limits of outdoor air quality standards. Indoor
 concentrations are often much higher than  health-protective  guidelines
 set by the World Health Organization."
   8.  According  to  the  Centers  for  Disease  Control and Prevention,
 "Carbon monoxide, or "CO," is an odorless, colorless gas that  can  kill
 you".  The New York State Department of Health refers to carbon monoxide
 as a poisonous gas. Approximately 430 people die each year  from  carbon
 monoxide exposure. Thousands more become ill and seek medical attention.
 Carbon  monoxide  poisoning is estimated to cause more than 50,000 emer-
 gency room visits in the United States each year. According to  the  New
 York State Department of Health, annually, "In New York State, about 200
 people  are hospitalized and over 1800 people visit an emergency depart-
 ment because of accidental CO  poisoning."  The  numbers  of  accidental
 poisonings  are on the rise. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
 "found evidence of a statistically significant upward trend in  non-fire
 CO  deaths  for  the  11-year  period  from  2009 to 2019". According to
 Preventative Medicine reports, "Accidental, non-fire  related  poisoning
 accounts for over $1.3 billion annually in societal costs."
   9. Notably, while carbon monoxide alarms are an important preventative
 measure  to  lower  the  risk of carbon monoxide poisoning, they are not
 guaranteed to be effective. According to the  National  Carbon  Monoxide
 Awareness  Association:  "Only 14% of families in the US have a properly
 functioning carbon monoxide alarm". An earlier  report  showed  that  in
 2009,  83% of NYC residents reported having CO alarms. However, only 54%
 of them had recently tested or replaced their batteries.
   10. Nitrogen dioxide, or NO2, is a gaseous air pollutant  composed  of
 nitrogen  and oxygen and is formed when fossil fuels are burned. The EPA
 has determined that NO2 is "causal" of more severe respiratory  symptoms
 in  people  with  asthma  and  that long-term exposure to NO2 is "likely
 causal" of respiratory illnesses such as asthma. The New England Journal
 of Medicine has found that,  "Gas  combustion  in  stoves,  boilers  and
 furnaces generates oxides of nitrogen," to which the article attributes,
 S. 9105                             3
 
 "Increased   asthma   risk;  exacerbation  of  COPD  and  cardiovascular
 disease".  The EPA includes NO2 on its  list  of  asthma  triggers,  and
 "unvented  combustion  appliances, e.g. gas stoves" is first on its list
 of "primary sources of NO2 indoors".
   11. Each year, asthma accounts for more than 439,000 hospitalizations,
 1.6  million  emergency  department  visits,  and 10.5 million physician
 office visits in the United States. About 10 people die from the disease
 every day. Asthma has been linked to 13.8 million missed school days and
 14.2 million missed workdays annually. The cost of  treating  asthma  in
 the United States is $62.8 billion every year.
   12.  A  2013 meta-analysis of 41 studies found that children living in
 homes with gas stoves had a 42 percent higher risk of experiencing asth-
 ma symptoms, and, over their lifetime, a 24 percent increase in the risk
 of being diagnosed with asthma, and a 2022 peer-reviewed research  paper
 published  in  the  International  Journal of Environmental Research and
 Public Health found that more than 12% of current childhood asthma cases
 in the US can be attributed to gas stove use. The  same  paper  suggests
 that  attribution  number  is  18.8% of children with asthma in New York
 State.
   13. The asthma crisis does not equally affect all  New  York  communi-
 ties.  Black Americans are approximately two times more likely to die of
 asthma  than  White Americans. Further, the percentage of Black children
 in the U.S. suffering from asthma is nearly twice that  of  White  chil-
 dren,  and  their  death  rate  is ten times higher. According to a 2023
 joint report from the New York State Department of Health  and  the  New
 York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, "The burden of asthma
 falls disproportionately among specific demographic groups, specifically
 for  persons and communities of color, where asthma prevalence is higher
 among Black, American Indian, and multiracial New Yorkers." The  Centers
 for  Disease  Control  and  Prevention  concurs  with  the assessment of
 disproportionate burden.
   14. While the age-adjusted asthma mortality rate for New York City  is
 higher  than for New York State as a whole, with the Bronx demonstrating
 a notably higher mortality rate than the other  boroughs,  this  problem
 should  not  be construed as a New York City issue. Other hotspots exist
 around the state. For example, years of academic research  has  convinc-
 ingly  demonstrated  alarmingly  high  rates of asthma on Buffalo's West
 Side. A study by  Dr.  Lwebuga-Mukasa,  Professor  of  Medicine  at  the
 University  of  Buffalo,  found that "nearly 45% of West Side households
 reported at least one case of chronic respiratory illness or asthma".
   15. Gas and propane combustion from gas stoves emits benzene. A  study
 from  the  Stanford  Woods  Institute  for  the Environment found that a
 single gas cooktop burner set on high, or an oven  set  at  350  degrees
 Fahrenheit  can,  "raise  indoor  levels of the carcinogen benzene above
 those of secondhand smoke". According to the World Health  Organization,
 "Human exposure to benzene has been associated with a range of acute and
 long-term  adverse  health  effects  and  diseases, including cancer and
 haematological effects."
   16. Formaldehyde is listed as a human carcinogen and has been found at
 more elevated levels associated with gas burners set to "simmer".
   17. Ventilation of gas stove emissions to  the  outdoors  can  improve
 indoor  air  quality.  However, many homeowners do not have ventilation,
 and it is not required by state law. In addition, studies also show that
 many people who have ventilation systems don't use them,  often  because
 of  noise  concerns. Vents can become blocked with debris and the effec-
 tiveness of ventilation systems can be compromised  by  changes  in  air
 S. 9105                             4

 pressure  in  the  building envelope caused by the opening of windows or
 doors or the activation of bathroom  fans,  for  example.  Lastly,  some
 people with range hoods may be under the mistaken belief that pollutants
 are being vented outdoors when in fact many hoods simply recirculate the
 air into the kitchen after filtering it. The effectiveness of filtration
 varies  widely  and  is  partially  based  on  active maintenance of the
 filtration system.
   18. Therefore it is the intent of the legislature  to  promote  public
 health,  support  informed consumer choice, and create consistent public
 policy, by requiring labeling and signage regarding the  health  impacts
 of gas stoves.
   § 3. The general business law is amended by adding a new section 322-d
 to read as follows:
   §  322-D. LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR GAS STOVES. 1. FOR THE PURPOSES OF
 THIS SECTION, "GAS STOVE" MEANS A NATURAL GAS STOVE  OR  RANGE  THAT  IS
 USED  FOR  FOOD  PREPARATION,  WHETHER  IN  A  COMMERCIAL OR RESIDENTIAL
 SETTING, AND PROVIDES AT LEAST ONE OF THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONS:
   (A) SURFACE COOKING;
   (B) OVEN COOKING; OR
   (C) BROILING.
   2. NO PERSON SHALL SELL, ATTEMPT TO SELL,  OR  OFFER  FOR  SALE  TO  A
 CONSUMER  IN  THIS  STATE  A  GAS STOVE THAT IS MANUFACTURED ON OR AFTER
 JANUARY FIRST, TWO THOUSAND TWENTY-FIVE, UNLESS THE  FOLLOWING  REQUIRE-
 MENTS ARE MET:
   (A)  (I)  A  REMOVABLE  LABEL  AFFIXED TO THE GAS STOVE IN A PROMINENT
 LOCATION BEARS THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE:
   "WARNING: GAS STOVES CAN RELEASE NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND CARBON  MONOXIDE
   (A POISONOUS GAS) INSIDE HOMES AT LEVELS EXCEEDING THE EPA'S STANDARDS
   FOR  OUTDOOR AIR QUALITY. THE PRESENCE OF THESE POLLUTANTS MAY EXACER-
   BATE PRE-EXISTING RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES OR LEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT  OF
   ASTHMA,  ESPECIALLY  IN  CHILDREN.  GAS  STOVES MAY ALSO RELEASE OTHER
   POLLUTANTS INCLUDING BENZENE, AND FORMALDEHYDE."
   (II) THE LABEL SHALL BE AFFIXED TO THE GAS STOVE BY A MANUFACTURER  OR
 IMPORTER  IN  A  CONSPICUOUS  LOCATION  SO  THAT  IT IS EASILY READ BY A
 CONSUMER EXAMINING THE PRODUCT, AND MUST BE IN A TYPE  SIZE  NO  SMALLER
 THAN  THE  LARGEST  TYPE SIZE USED FOR OTHER CONSUMER INFORMATION ON THE
 PRODUCT.
   (B) (I) A SIGN OR POSTER SHALL BE DISPLAYED CONSPICUOUSLY AT THE PREM-
 ISES ON WHICH THE SALE TAKES PLACE BEARING THE MESSAGE REQUIRED BY PARA-
 GRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION. SUCH SIGN OR POSTER MUST HAVE CONSPICUOUS
 LETTERING IN AT LEAST SEVENTY-TWO POINT BOLD FACE TYPE, EXCEPT THAT  THE
 WORD  "WARNING"  SHALL  BE  IN AT LEAST TWO-INCH LETTERING. SUCH SIGN OR
 POSTER SHALL BE PLACED AS CLOSE AS  POSSIBLE  TO  THE  PLACE  WHERE  GAS
 STOVES  ARE  SOLD  SO  THAT  IT  IS  NOTICEABLE AND EASILY READABLE BY A
 CONSUMER EXAMINING GAS STOVES FOR SALE.
   (II) IF THE SALE TAKES PLACE ON THE INTERNET, A NOTICE SHALL BE POSTED
 IN A CONSPICUOUS LOCATION ON THE WEB PAGE ON  WHICH  THE  GAS  STOVE  IS
 LISTED  FOR  SALE, BEARING THE MESSAGE REQUIRED BY PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS
 SUBDIVISION.
   3. THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE MAY ADOPT REGULATIONS REGARDING THE  PLACE-
 MENT  AND  FORMAT  OF  LABELS,  SIGNS,  AND  POSTERS TO COMPLY WITH THIS
 SECTION.
   4. ANY PERSON WHO VIOLATES ANY PROVISION OF THIS SECTION SHALL RECEIVE
 A WARNING NOTICE FOR THE FIRST SUCH VIOLATION. A PERSON SHALL BE  LIABLE
 TO THE STATE OF NEW YORK FOR A CIVIL PENALTY OF FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS FOR
 THE  FIRST  VIOLATION AFTER RECEIVING A WARNING AND ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS
 S. 9105                             5
 
 FOR ANY SUBSEQUENT VIOLATION IN THE SAME CALENDAR  YEAR.  A  HEARING  OR
 OPPORTUNITY TO BE HEARD SHALL BE PROVIDED PRIOR TO THE ASSESSMENT OF ANY
 CIVIL PENALTY.
   5.  THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE AND THE OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL ARE
 AUTHORIZED TO ENFORCE THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION.
   § 4. This act shall take effect immediately.

                             
                     S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
 ________________________________________________________________________
 
                                  9105--A
 
                             I N  S E N A T E
 
                              April 26, 2024
                                ___________
 
 Introduced  by  Sens.  KRUEGER, CHU, CLEARE, COONEY, GONZALEZ, HARCKHAM,
   HOYLMAN-SIGAL, MAY, RIVERA, SALAZAR, SANDERS, STAVISKY,  THOMAS,  WEBB
   -- read twice and ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to
   the  Committee  on  Consumer  Protection -- committee discharged, bill
   amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said  commit-
   tee

 AN  ACT  to  amend  the  general  business  law, in relation to labeling
   requirements for gas stoves
 
   THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND  ASSEM-
 BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
 
   Section  1.  Short  title. This act shall be known and may be cited as
 the "Healthy Homes Right To Know Act".
   § 2. Legislative findings. The legislature finds and declares that:
   1. New York has a long history of protecting its  citizens  by  making
 sure they have adequate knowledge to make informed purchasing decisions.
   2.  The  public  is broadly unaware of the health dangers posed by gas
 stoves. On May 8, 2023,  ten  state  attorneys  general,  including  the
 attorney  general  of New York State as well as the New York City Corpo-
 ration Counsel, sent a letter to the Consumer Product Safety  Commission
 (CPSC),  in  which  they asserted, "Most of the research and evidence on
 the health risks associated with elevated levels of emissions  from  gas
 appliances  has  been circulated among decisionmakers and engaged stake-
 holders. This has left the public to try to piece  together  health  and
 safety information--which can be false or misleading--from the internet,
 social  media,  and other non-authoritative sources. Thus, when it comes
 to gas stove emissions, consumers are presently unprotected against, and
 inadequately informed about, the health hazards these appliances  pose."
 Those  dangers  may  now be particularly acute as, according to the U.S.
 Environmental Protection Agency, "Americans on average,  spend  approxi-
 mately 90% of their time indoors where concentrations of some pollutants
 are often 2 to 5 times higher than typical outdoor concentrations."
   3.  The  same letter suggests, "requiring warning labels on gas stoves
 that provide more information on their health risks". The letter goes on
 to say, "Proper labeling on gas stoves would represent an important step
 
  EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                       [ ] is old law to be omitted.
              

                                                            LBD14481-04-4
 S. 9105--A                          2
 
 in helping to educate consumers about the health risks  associated  with
 gas  stoves. Providing this information upfront is essential to enabling
 consumers to make a fully informed decision."
   4.  Current  New  York state regulations regarding unvented gas appli-
 ances are inconsistent. Since there is no statewide requirement that gas
 stoves be ventilated to the outdoors, a precautionary approach to public
 safety requires that these appliances be treated as unvented.
   5. Although the research regarding the impacts of unvented gas heaters
 is vastly less robust than that regarding gas stoves, the New York State
 Department of Health nonetheless adopted regulations in January of  2023
 to  require  labeling  of unvented gas heaters including, "WARNING: This
 appliance produces CARBON MONOXIDE, a poisonous gas. You MUST use carbon
 monoxide alarms to avoid injury or  death".  Labeling  requirements  for
 unvented  heaters  in  California  also include warnings of exposure to:
 "...chemicals including benzene, which is known to the state of Califor-
 nia to cause cancer and cause birth defects or other reproductive harm".
   6. Given that the research regarding gas stoves is even more  complete
 and  compelling,  New York State should also act to inform the public as
 has already been done with unvented gas heaters.
   7. The scientific consensus on gas stove emissions is robust and grow-
 ing.  It is now understood that gas  stoves  can  emit  carbon  monoxide
 (CO),  nitrogen  dioxide (NO2), benzene, and formaldehyde. Methane emis-
 sions can occur even when the gas stove is turned off. According to  the
 Concerned Health Professionals of New York and the Physicians for Social
 Responsibility,  "Nearly  three-quarters  of  methane emissions from gas
 stoves take place while the stove is turned off and not in use.  At  the
 same  time  levels  of hazardous air pollutants from everyday use of gas
 stoves often exceed the limits of outdoor air quality standards.  Indoor
 concentrations  are  often much higher than health-protective guidelines
 set by the World Health Organization."
   8. According to  the  Centers  for  Disease  Control  and  Prevention,
 "Carbon  monoxide,  or "CO," is an odorless, colorless gas that can kill
 you". The New York State Department of Health refers to carbon  monoxide
 as  a  poisonous gas. Approximately 430 people die each year from carbon
 monoxide exposure. Thousands more become ill and seek medical attention.
 Carbon monoxide poisoning is estimated to cause more than  50,000  emer-
 gency  room  visits in the United States each year. According to the New
 York State Department of Health, annually, "In New York State, about 200
 people are hospitalized and over 1800 people visit an emergency  depart-
 ment  because  of  accidental  CO  poisoning." The numbers of accidental
 poisonings are on the rise. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety  Commission
 "found  evidence of a statistically significant upward trend in non-fire
 CO deaths for the 11-year  period  from  2009  to  2019".  According  to
 Preventative  Medicine  reports, "Accidental, non-fire related poisoning
 accounts for over $1.3 billion annually in societal costs."
   9. Notably, while carbon monoxide alarms are an important preventative
 measure to lower the risk of carbon monoxide  poisoning,  they  are  not
 guaranteed  to  be  effective. According to the National Carbon Monoxide
 Awareness Association: "Only 14% of families in the US have  a  properly
 functioning  carbon  monoxide  alarm".  An earlier report showed that in
 2009, 83% of NYC residents reported having CO alarms. However, only  54%
 of them had recently tested or replaced their batteries.
   10.  Nitrogen  dioxide, or NO2, is a gaseous air pollutant composed of
 nitrogen and oxygen and is formed when fossil fuels are burned. The  EPA
 has  determined that NO2 is "causal" of more severe respiratory symptoms
 in people with asthma and that long-term  exposure  to  NO2  is  "likely
 S. 9105--A                          3
 
 causal" of respiratory illnesses such as asthma. The New England Journal
 of  Medicine  has  found  that,  "Gas  combustion in stoves, boilers and
 furnaces generates oxides of nitrogen," to which the article attributes,
 "Increased   asthma   risk;  exacerbation  of  COPD  and  cardiovascular
 disease".  The EPA includes NO2 on its  list  of  asthma  triggers,  and
 "unvented  combustion  appliances, e.g. gas stoves" is first on its list
 of "primary sources of NO2 indoors".
   11. Each year, asthma accounts for more than 439,000 hospitalizations,
 1.6 million emergency department  visits,  and  10.5  million  physician
 office visits in the United States. About 10 people die from the disease
 every day. Asthma has been linked to 13.8 million missed school days and
 14.2  million  missed  workdays annually. The cost of treating asthma in
 the United States is $62.8 billion every year.
   12. A 2013 meta-analysis of 41 studies found that children  living  in
 homes with gas stoves had a 42 percent higher risk of experiencing asth-
 ma symptoms, and, over their lifetime, a 24 percent increase in the risk
 of  being diagnosed with asthma, and a 2022 peer-reviewed research paper
 published in the International Journal  of  Environmental  Research  and
 Public Health found that more than 12% of current childhood asthma cases
 in  the  US  can be attributed to gas stove use. The same paper suggests
 that attribution number is 18.8% of children with  asthma  in  New  York
 State.
   13.  The  asthma  crisis does not equally affect all New York communi-
 ties.  Black Americans are approximately two times more likely to die of
 asthma than White Americans. Further, the percentage of  Black  children
 in  the  U.S.  suffering from asthma is nearly twice that of White chil-
 dren, and their death rate is ten times  higher.  According  to  a  2023
 joint  report  from  the New York State Department of Health and the New
 York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, "The burden of asthma
 falls disproportionately among specific demographic groups, specifically
 for persons and communities of color, where asthma prevalence is  higher
 among  Black, American Indian, and multiracial New Yorkers." The Centers
 for Disease Control  and  Prevention  concurs  with  the  assessment  of
 disproportionate burden.
   14.  While the age-adjusted asthma mortality rate for New York City is
 higher than for New York State as a whole, with the Bronx  demonstrating
 a  notably  higher  mortality rate than the other boroughs, this problem
 should not be construed as a New York City issue. Other  hotspots  exist
 around  the  state. For example, years of academic research has convinc-
 ingly demonstrated alarmingly high rates of  asthma  on  Buffalo's  West
 Side.  A  study  by  Dr.  Lwebuga-Mukasa,  Professor  of Medicine at the
 University of Buffalo, found that "nearly 45% of  West  Side  households
 reported at least one case of chronic respiratory illness or asthma".
   15.  Gas and propane combustion from gas stoves emits benzene. A study
 from the Stanford Woods Institute  for  the  Environment  found  that  a
 single  gas  cooktop  burner  set on high, or an oven set at 350 degrees
 Fahrenheit can, "raise indoor levels of  the  carcinogen  benzene  above
 those  of secondhand smoke". According to the World Health Organization,
 "Human exposure to benzene has been associated with a range of acute and
 long-term adverse health effects  and  diseases,  including  cancer  and
 haematological effects."
   16. Formaldehyde is listed as a human carcinogen and has been found at
 more elevated levels associated with gas burners set to "simmer".
   17.  Ventilation  of  gas  stove emissions to the outdoors can improve
 indoor air quality. However, many homeowners do  not  have  ventilation,
 and it is not required by state law. In addition, studies also show that
 S. 9105--A                          4
 
 many  people  who have ventilation systems don't use them, often because
 of noise concerns. Vents can become blocked with debris and  the  effec-
 tiveness  of  ventilation  systems  can be compromised by changes in air
 pressure  in  the  building envelope caused by the opening of windows or
 doors or the activation of bathroom  fans,  for  example.  Lastly,  some
 people with range hoods may be under the mistaken belief that pollutants
 are being vented outdoors when in fact many hoods simply recirculate the
 air into the kitchen after filtering it. The effectiveness of filtration
 varies  widely  and  is  partially  based  on  active maintenance of the
 filtration system.
   18. Therefore it is the intent of the legislature  to  promote  public
 health,  support  informed consumer choice, and create consistent public
 policy, by requiring labeling and signage regarding the  health  impacts
 of gas stoves.
   § 3. The general business law is amended by adding a new section 322-d
 to read as follows:
   §  322-D. LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR GAS STOVES. 1. FOR THE PURPOSES OF
 THIS SECTION, "GAS STOVE" MEANS A STOVE OR RANGE THAT  UTILIZES  NATURAL
 GAS OR PROPANE AND IS USED FOR FOOD PREPARATION, WHETHER IN A COMMERCIAL
 OR RESIDENTIAL SETTING, AND PROVIDES AT LEAST ONE OF THE FOLLOWING FUNC-
 TIONS:
   (A) SURFACE COOKING;
   (B) OVEN COOKING; OR
   (C) BROILING.
   2.  NO  PERSON,  FIRM,  PARTNERSHIP, ASSOCIATION, OR CORPORATION SHALL
 SELL OR OFFER FOR SALE TO A CONSUMER IN THIS STATE ANY GAS STOVE  UNLESS
 THE FOLLOWING REQUIREMENTS ARE MET:
   (A)  A  REMOVABLE  LABEL  IS AFFIXED TO THE GAS STOVE IF SUCH STOVE IS
 DISPLAYED FOR SALE OUTSIDE OF A PACKAGE, OR THE PACKAGE IN WHICH  IT  IS
 CONTAINED,  WITH  A TYPE SIZE NO SMALLER THAN THE LARGEST TYPE SIZE USED
 FOR OTHER CONSUMER INFORMATION ON THE PRODUCT OR PACKAGE, IS IN A PROMI-
 NENT LOCATION, AND BEARS THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE:
   "WARNING: GAS STOVES CAN RELEASE NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND CARBON  MONOXIDE
   (A POISONOUS GAS) INSIDE HOMES AT LEVELS EXCEEDING THE EPA'S STANDARDS
   FOR  OUTDOOR AIR QUALITY. THE PRESENCE OF THESE POLLUTANTS MAY EXACER-
   BATE PRE-EXISTING RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES OR LEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT  OF
   ASTHMA,  ESPECIALLY  IN  CHILDREN.  GAS  STOVES MAY ALSO RELEASE OTHER
   POLLUTANTS INCLUDING BENZENE, AND FORMALDEHYDE."
   (B) (I) A SIGN OR POSTER SHALL BE DISPLAYED CONSPICUOUSLY AT THE PREM-
 ISES ON WHICH THE SALE TAKES PLACE BEARING THE MESSAGE REQUIRED BY PARA-
 GRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION. SUCH SIGN OR POSTER MUST HAVE CONSPICUOUS
 LETTERING IN AT LEAST SEVENTY-TWO POINT BOLD FACE TYPE, EXCEPT THAT  THE
 WORD  "WARNING"  SHALL  BE  IN AT LEAST TWO-INCH LETTERING. SUCH SIGN OR
 POSTER SHALL BE PLACED AS CLOSE AS  POSSIBLE  TO  THE  PLACE  WHERE  GAS
 STOVES  ARE DISPLAYED FOR SALE SO THAT IT IS NOTICEABLE AND EASILY READ-
 ABLE BY A CONSUMER EXAMINING ANY DISPLAYED GAS STOVES FOR SALE.
   (II) IF THE SALE TAKES PLACE ON THE INTERNET, A NOTICE SHALL BE POSTED
 IN A CONSPICUOUS LOCATION ON THE WEB PAGE ON  WHICH  THE  GAS  STOVE  IS
 LISTED  FOR  SALE, BEARING THE MESSAGE REQUIRED BY PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS
 SUBDIVISION.
   3. THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE MAY ADOPT REGULATIONS REGARDING THE  PLACE-
 MENT  AND  FORMAT  OF  LABELS,  SIGNS,  AND  POSTERS TO COMPLY WITH THIS
 SECTION.
   4. ANY PERSON WHO VIOLATES ANY PROVISION OF THIS SECTION SHALL RECEIVE
 A WARNING NOTICE FOR THE FIRST SUCH VIOLATION. A PERSON SHALL BE  LIABLE
 TO  THE  STATE OF NEW YORK FOR A CIVIL PENALTY NOT TO EXCEED TWO HUNDRED
 S. 9105--A                          5
 
 FIFTY DOLLARS FOR THE SECOND VIOLATION AND ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS FOR  ANY
 SUBSEQUENT VIOLATION IN THE SAME CALENDAR YEAR. A HEARING OR OPPORTUNITY
 TO  BE  HEARD  SHALL  BE  PROVIDED  PRIOR TO THE ASSESSMENT OF ANY CIVIL
 PENALTY.
   5.  THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE AND THE OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL ARE
 AUTHORIZED TO ENFORCE THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION.
   § 4. This act shall take effect one year after it shall have become  a
 law.