S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
328
2025-2026 Regular Sessions
I N A S S E M B L Y
(PREFILED)
January 8, 2025
___________
Introduced by M. of A. CRUZ -- read once and referred to the Committee
on Codes
AN ACT to amend the criminal procedure law and the executive law, in
relation to requiring the prosecution to disclose to the defendant
certain information relating to jailhouse informants; and to require
prosecutors to notify victims of the informant's crimes in certain
circumstances
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. The criminal procedure law is amended by adding a new
section 245.21 to read as follows:
§ 245.21 DISCLOSURE; JAILHOUSE DEFENDANTS.
1. DEFINITIONS. AS USED IN THIS SECTION, THE FOLLOWING TERMS SHALL
HAVE THE FOLLOWING MEANINGS:
(A) "BENEFIT" MEANS ANY PLEA BARGAIN, BAIL OR SECURING ORDER CONSIDER-
ATION, REDUCTION OR MODIFICATION OF SENTENCE OR ANY OTHER LENIENCY,
IMMUNITY, FINANCIAL PAYMENT, REWARD OR AMELIORATION OF CURRENT OR FUTURE
CONDITIONS OF INCARCERATION OFFERED OR PROVIDED TO A JAILHOUSE INFORMANT
OR THIRD PARTY IN CONNECTION WITH, OR IN EXCHANGE FOR, TESTIMONY THAT IS
OFFERED OR PROVIDED.
(B) "JAILHOUSE INFORMANT" MEANS A PERSON WHO IS INCARCERATED AT THE
TIME THAT SUCH PERSON OFFERS OR PROVIDES TESTIMONY, WHETHER OR NOT IT IS
PRESENTED IN COURT PROCEEDINGS, CONCERNING STATEMENTS MADE BY A PERSON
SUSPECTED AS A PERPETRATOR OF AN OFFENSE OR A DEFENDANT.
2. IN ANY CRIMINAL TRIAL OR PROCEEDING IN WHICH THE PROSECUTION
INTENDS TO CALL A JAILHOUSE INFORMANT TO TESTIFY, IN ADDITION TO ANY
DISCOVERY OR DISCLOSURE OBLIGATIONS REQUIRED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS
OF THIS ARTICLE OR ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, THE PROSECUTION SHALL
OBTAIN AND DISCLOSE TO THE DEFENDANT THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD01199-01-5
A. 328 2
(A) THE COMPLETE CRIMINAL HISTORY OF ANY SUCH JAILHOUSE INFORMANT,
INCLUDING ANY CHARGES PENDING AGAINST SUCH INFORMANT AND CHARGES THAT
WERE REDUCED OR DISMISSED AS PART OF A PLEA BARGAIN;
(B) A SUMMARY OF ALL PROMISES, REWARDS AND INDUCEMENTS MADE BY THE
PROSECUTION OR LAW ENFORCEMENT PERSONNEL TO, OR IN FAVOR OF THE JAIL-
HOUSE INFORMANT, AS WELL AS REQUESTS FOR CONSIDERATION BY SUCH JAILHOUSE
INFORMANT, INCLUDING COPIES OF ANY COOPERATION AGREEMENT AND ANY AND ALL
OTHER DOCUMENTS RELEVANT TO ANY SUCH PROMISE, REWARD OR INDUCEMENT;
(C) THE SUBSTANCE, TIME AND PLACE OF ANY STATEMENT ALLEGEDLY GIVEN BY
THE DEFENDANT TO A JAILHOUSE INFORMANT, AND THE SUBSTANCE, TIME AND
PLACE OF ANY STATEMENT GIVEN BY A JAILHOUSE INFORMANT IMPLICATING THE
DEFENDANT IN A CRIME FOR WHICH THE DEFENDANT IS CHARGED;
(D) WHETHER AT ANY TIME THE JAILHOUSE INFORMANT RECANTED ANY TESTIMONY
SUBJECT TO DISCLOSURE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION OR ANY OTHER PROVISION OF
THIS TITLE AND, IF SO, THE TIME AND PLACE OF THE RECANTATION, THE NATURE
OF THE RECANTATION AND THE NAME OF ANY PERSON PRESENT AT SUCH RECANTA-
TION; AND
(E) ALL INFORMATION CONCERNING ANY OTHER CRIMINAL PROSECUTION IN WHICH
THE JAILHOUSE INFORMANT TESTIFIED, OR OFFERED TO TESTIFY IN CONNECTION
WITH A SEPARATE INVESTIGATION OR PROCEEDING, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH TESTI-
MONY WAS OR WILL BE PRESENTED IN COURT PROCEEDINGS, AGAINST A PERSON
SUSPECTED AS THE PERPETRATOR OF AN OFFENSE OR A DEFENDANT WITH WHOM THE
JAILHOUSE INFORMANT WAS IMPRISONED OR OTHERWISE CONFINED, INCLUDING A
SUMMARY OF ALL PROMISES, REWARDS AND INDUCEMENTS MADE BY THE PROSECUTION
OR LAW ENFORCEMENT PERSONNEL TO, OR IN FAVOR OF THE JAILHOUSE INFORMANT,
AS WELL AS REQUESTS FOR CONSIDERATION BY SUCH JAILHOUSE INFORMANT, AND
COPIES OF ANY COOPERATION AGREEMENT AND ANY AND ALL OTHER DOCUMENTS
RELEVANT TO ANY SUCH PROMISE, REWARD OR INDUCEMENT.
3. COUNSEL FOR THE DEFENDANT SHALL BE PROVIDED THE OPPORTUNITY TO
DEPOSE THE JAILHOUSE INFORMANT PRIOR TO ENTERING INTO ANY PLEA NEGOTI-
ATIONS OR COMMENCEMENT OF TRIAL OR OTHER PROCEEDING.
4. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY CONTRARY PROVISION OF LAW, NO PROSECUTING
ATTORNEY SHALL OFFER A DISMISSAL OF OR REFUSE TO BRING CHARGES FOR THE
CRIMES OF MURDER IN THE FIRST DEGREE AS DEFINED IN SECTION 125.27 OF THE
PENAL LAW, MANSLAUGHTER IN THE FIRST DEGREE AS DEFINED IN SECTION 125.20
OF THE PENAL LAW, RAPE IN THE FIRST DEGREE AS DEFINED IN SECTION 130.35
OF THE PENAL LAW, OR KIDNAPPING IN THE FIRST DEGREE PURSUANT TO SECTION
135.25 OF THE PENAL LAW, IN EXCHANGE FOR THE TESTIMONY OF ANY WITNESS.
5. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY CONTRARY PROVISION OF LAW, NO PROSECUTOR OR LAW
ENFORCEMENT PERSONNEL SHALL OFFER OR PROMISE ANY BENEFIT OR OTHER REWARD
OR INDUCEMENT TO A JAILHOUSE INFORMANT WITH RESPECT TO ANY PENDING
CHARGES OR CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS INVOLVING SUCH JAILHOUSE INFORMANT IN
EXCHANGE FOR SUCH INFORMANT'S TESTIMONY UNLESS SUCH PROSECUTOR OR LAW
ENFORCEMENT PERSONNEL SHALL HAVE FIRST OBTAINED JUDICIAL CONSENT TO
REDUCE OR DISMISS ANY SUCH PENDING CHARGE OR TO REDUCE THE SENTENCE FOR
ANY SUCH CHARGE IN EXCHANGE FOR SUCH JAILHOUSE INFORMANT'S TESTIMONY OR
OTHER COOPERATION.
6. (A) EVERY DISTRICT ATTORNEY OR OTHER PROSECUTING AGENCY THAT USES
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY A JAILHOUSE INFORMANT IN ANY INVESTIGATION AND
PROSECUTION OF CRIMINAL CASES SHALL MAINTAIN A RECORD OF ALL SUCH INFOR-
MATION, WHICH SHALL INCLUDE:
(I) THE SUBSTANCE OF EACH JAILHOUSE INFORMANT'S TESTIMONY, WHETHER OR
NOT IT WAS PRESENTED IN COURT PROCEEDINGS; AND
(II) A SUMMARY OF ALL PROMISES, REWARDS AND INDUCEMENTS MADE BY THE
PROSECUTION OR LAW ENFORCEMENT PERSONNEL TO, OR IN FAVOR OF THE JAIL-
HOUSE INFORMANT, AS WELL AS REQUESTS FOR CONSIDERATION BY SUCH JAILHOUSE
A. 328 3
INFORMANT, AND COPIES OF ANY COOPERATION AGREEMENT AND ANY AND ALL OTHER
DOCUMENTS RELEVANT TO ANY SUCH PROMISE, REWARD OR INDUCEMENT.
(B) ALL INFORMATION REQUIRED TO BE COLLECTED AND MAINTAINED PURSUANT
TO PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION SHALL BE TRANSMITTED TO THE COMMIS-
SIONER OF THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES TO BE MAINTAINED IN
A STATEWIDE DATABASE.
(C) EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED HEREIN, ALL INFORMATION REQUIRED TO
BE COLLECTED AND MAINTAINED PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVI-
SION IS CONFIDENTIAL AND SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO DISCLOSURE PURSUANT TO
THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION LAW OR OTHERWISE MADE AVAILABLE TO ANY PERSON
OR PUBLIC OR PRIVATE AGENCY EXCEPT WHERE SPECIFICALLY REQUIRED OR
PERMITTED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION OR OTHER STATUTE OR COURT ORDER. ALL
SUCH INFORMATION SHALL BE ACCESSIBLE ONLY TO THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL
JUSTICE SERVICES, PROVIDED, HOWEVER THAT DIVISION SHALL PROVIDE ALL
INFORMATION RELATING TO A SPECIFIC JAILHOUSE INFORMANT TO ANY PROSECUT-
ING ATTORNEY OR DEFENSE COUNSEL UPON REQUEST.
§ 2. Section 642 of the executive law is amended by adding a new
subdivision 2-b to read as follows:
2-B. (A) ALL DISTRICT ATTORNEYS' OFFICES AND OTHER PROSECUTING AGEN-
CIES SHALL MAKE EVERY REASONABLE EFFORT TO NOTIFY A VICTIM OF A CRIME
COMMITTED BY A JAILHOUSE INFORMANT AS DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDI-
VISION ONE OF SECTION 245.21 OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW WHENEVER A
PROSECUTOR HAS PROMISED, OFFERED OR PROVIDED ANY OF THE BENEFITS DEFINED
IN PARAGRAPH (A) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SUCH SECTION TO A JAILHOUSE
INFORMANT IN EXCHANGE FOR, OR AS THE RESULT OF, SUCH JAILHOUSE
INFORMANT'S OFFERING OR PROVIDING TESTIMONY AGAINST A SUSPECT OR DEFEND-
ANT, INCLUDING:
(I) A REDUCTION OR DISMISSAL OF CHARGES;
(II) A PLEA BARGAIN;
(III) SUPPORT FOR A MODIFICATION OF THE AMOUNT OR CONDITIONS OF BAIL
OR OTHER SECURING ORDER; OR
(IV) SUPPORT FOR A MOTION TO REDUCE OR MODIFY A SENTENCE.
(B) EFFORTS TO NOTIFY THE VICTIM SHALL INCLUDE, IN ORDER OF PRIORITY:
(I) CONTACTING THE VICTIM OR A PERSON DESIGNATED BY THE VICTIM BY
TELEPHONE; OR
(II) CONTACTING THE VICTIM BY MAIL.
(C) IF A JAILHOUSE INFORMANT IS IN CUSTODY AT THE TIME OF ANY SUCH
PROMISE, OFFER, OR PROVISION OF BENEFITS DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION TWO OF
THIS SECTION, SUCH NOTIFICATION ATTEMPT SHALL BE MADE BEFORE THE JAIL-
HOUSE INFORMANT IS RELEASED FROM CUSTODY. WHENEVER A PROSECUTOR NOTIFIES
A VICTIM OF DOMESTIC ASSAULT, CRIMINAL SEXUAL CONDUCT, OR HARASSMENT OR
STALKING UNDER THIS SECTION, THE PROSECUTOR SHALL ALSO INFORM THE VICTIM
OF THE METHOD AND BENEFITS OF SEEKING AN ORDER OR PROTECTION AND THAT
THE VICTIM MAY SEEK AN ORDER WITHOUT PAYING A FEE.
§ 3. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
have become a law.