S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
 ________________________________________________________________________
 
                                   7997
 
                        2025-2026 Regular Sessions
 
                           I N  A S S E M B L Y
 
                              April 16, 2025
                                ___________
 
 Introduced  by M. of A. GLICK -- read once and referred to the Committee
   on Transportation
 
 AN ACT to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to the  use  of
   photo  speed violation monitoring systems for the purposes of enforce-
   ment of license  plate  obstruction,  concealment,  and/or  distortion
   violations  in  the city of New York; to amend chapter 189 of the laws
   of 2013, amending the vehicle and traffic law and the public  officers
   law  relating  to  establishing  in  a  city  with a population of one
   million or more a demonstration program implementing  speed  violation
   monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices, in
   relation to making technical corrections and extending such provisions
   related  thereto;  and to repeal certain provisions of the vehicle and
   traffic law relating thereto
 
   THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND  ASSEM-
 BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
 
   Section  1.  Paragraph  3  of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the
 vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is
 amended to read as follows:
   3. Operators of MOBILE photo speed violation monitoring systems  shall
 have  completed  training in the procedures for setting up, testing, and
 operating such systems. Each such operator shall  complete  and  sign  a
 daily  set-up  log  for  each such system that [he or she operates] THEY
 OPERATE that (i) states the date and time when, and the location  where,
 the  system  was  set  up  that  day, and (ii) states that such operator
 successfully performed, and the system passed, the  self-tests  of  such
 system  before  producing  a  recorded  image that day. STATIONARY PHOTO
 SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEMS SHALL COMPLETE A DAILY SELF-TEST  FOR
 EACH  SUCH  SYSTEM  THAT IS OPERATED STATING (I) THE DATE AND TIME WHEN,
 AND THE LOCATION WHERE, THE SYSTEM WAS SET UP; AND (II) THAT THE  SYSTEM
 PASSED  THE  SELF-TEST  OF SUCH SYSTEM BEFORE PRODUCING A RECORDED IMAGE
 THAT DAY. The city shall retain each such daily log OR  DAILY  SELF-TEST
 
  EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                       [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                            LBD11567-02-5
              

 A. 7997                             2
 
 until  the later of the date on which the photo speed violation monitor-
 ing system to which it applies has been permanently removed from use  or
 the  final resolution of all cases involving notices of liability issued
 based  on  photographs, microphotographs, video or other recorded images
 produced by such system.
   § 2. Paragraph 5 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of  the  vehicle
 and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended
 to read as follows:
   5. (i) Such demonstration program shall utilize necessary technologies
 to  ensure,  to  the  extent  practicable, that photographs, microphoto-
 graphs, videotape, or other recorded images produced by such photo speed
 violation monitoring systems shall not include images that identify  the
 driver,  the  passengers,  or  the  contents of the vehicle.   Provided,
 however, that no notice of liability issued  pursuant  to  this  section
 shall  be  dismissed  solely because such a photograph, microphotograph,
 videotape or other recorded image allows for the identification  of  the
 driver, the passengers, or the contents of vehicles where the city shows
 that  it  made  reasonable efforts to comply with the provisions of this
 paragraph in such case.
   (ii) Photographs, microphotographs, videotape or  any  other  recorded
 image  from  a  photo speed violation monitoring system shall be for the
 exclusive use of the city for the purpose of the adjudication of liabil-
 ity imposed pursuant to this section, EXCEPT AS NEEDED BY ANY STATE  AND
 LOCAL  GOVERNMENTAL  ENTITIES FOR THE PURPOSES OF ENFORCEMENT OF LICENSE
 PLATE OBSTRUCTION, CONCEALMENT, AND/OR DISTORTION VIOLATIONS and FOR THE
 PURPOSE of the owner receiving a notice of liability  pursuant  to  this
 section, and shall be destroyed by the city upon the final resolution of
 the  notice  of  liability  to which such photographs, microphotographs,
 videotape or other recorded images relate, or  one  year  following  the
 date  of  issuance  of  such  notice  of  liability, whichever is later.
 Notwithstanding the provisions of any other law, rule or  regulation  to
 the  contrary,  photographs,  microphotographs,  videotape  or any other
 recorded image from a photo speed violation monitoring system shall  not
 be  open  to  the  public,  nor  subject to civil or criminal process or
 discovery, nor used by any court or administrative or adjudicatory  body
 in  any  action or proceeding therein except that which is necessary for
 the adjudication of a  notice  of  liability  issued  pursuant  to  this
 section,  and  no  public  entity  or employee, officer or agent thereof
 shall disclose such information, except that such photographs, micropho-
 tographs, videotape or any other recorded images from such systems:
   (A) shall be available for inspection and copying and use by the motor
 vehicle owner and operator for so long as such photographs,  microphoto-
 graphs, videotape or other recorded images are required to be maintained
 or are maintained by such public entity, employee, officer or agent; and
   (B)  (1)  shall be furnished when described in a search warrant issued
 by a court authorized to issue such a search warrant pursuant to article
 six hundred ninety of the criminal procedure  law  or  a  federal  court
 authorized  to issue such a search warrant under federal law, where such
 search warrant states that there is reasonable  cause  to  believe  such
 information  constitutes  evidence  of,  or tends to demonstrate that, a
 misdemeanor or felony offense was committed in  this  state  or  another
 state,  or  that a particular person participated in the commission of a
 misdemeanor or felony offense in this state or another state,  provided,
 however, that if such offense was against the laws of another state, the
 court  shall only issue a warrant if the conduct comprising such offense
 A. 7997                             3
 
 would, if occurring in this state, constitute a  misdemeanor  or  felony
 against the laws of this state; and
   (2) shall be furnished in response to a subpoena duces tecum signed by
 a  judge  of  competent  jurisdiction and issued pursuant to article six
 hundred ten of the criminal procedure law or a judge or magistrate of  a
 federal  court  authorized  to  issue  such a subpoena duces tecum under
 federal law, where the judge finds and the subpoena states that there is
 reasonable cause to believe such information is relevant and material to
 the prosecution, or the defense, or the investigation by  an  authorized
 law  enforcement official, of the alleged commission of a misdemeanor or
 felony in this state or another state, provided, however, that  if  such
 offense  was against the laws of another state, such judge or magistrate
 shall only issue such subpoena if the conduct  comprising  such  offense
 would, if occurring in this state, constitute a misdemeanor or felony in
 this state; and
   (3)  may,  if lawfully obtained pursuant to this clause and clause (A)
 of this subparagraph and otherwise admissible, be used in such  criminal
 action or proceeding.
   (III) NOTWITHSTANDING ANY PROVISION OF THIS PARAGRAPH TO THE CONTRARY,
 WHERE  A  NOTICE  OF  LIABILITY FOR A VIOLATION OF THIS SECTION IS BEING
 SENT TO A VEHICLE OWNER PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (H) OF THIS SECTION, AND
 SUCH PHOTOGRAPH, MICROPHOTOGRAPH, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGE FROM
 A PHOTO SPEED  VIOLATION  MONITORING  SYSTEM  REVEALS  EVIDENCE  OF    A
 VIOLATION  OF  SUBPARAGRAPH  (II),  (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF
 SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO OF THIS  CHAPTER,  THE  CITY
 SHALL  FURTHER  ISSUE  A  NOTICE  OF  LIABILITY  FOR  SUCH  VIOLATION AS
 PRESCRIBED HEREIN.
   § 3. Subdivisions (f), (g), (h), (i), (j), (k), (l), (m), (n), and (o)
 of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, subdivisions (f), (g),
 (h), (i), (j), (k), (l), (m) and (o) as added by chapter 189 of the laws
 of 2013, and subdivision (n) as amended by chapter 30  of  the  laws  of
 2019, are amended to read as follows:
   (f)  AN  OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBPARAGRAPH (II), (II-A), OR
 (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO OF
 THIS CHAPTER SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A FINE OF TWO HUNDRED FIFTY DOLLARS.
   (G) An imposition of liability under the demonstration program  estab-
 lished  pursuant  to this section shall not be deemed a conviction as an
 operator and shall not be made part  of  the  operating  record  of  the
 person  upon  whom  such  liability  is imposed nor shall it be used for
 insurance purposes in the provision of motor vehicle insurance coverage.
   [(g)] (H) 1. A notice of liability shall be sent by first  class  mail
 to  each  person  alleged  to  be  liable as an owner for a violation of
 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven  hundred  eighty
 of  this  article  OR  FOR  A VIOLATION OF SUBPARAGRAPH (II), (II-A), OR
 (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO OF
 THIS CHAPTER pursuant to this section, within fourteen business days  if
 such  owner  is  a resident of this state and within forty-five business
 days if such owner is a non-resident, UNLESS THE VEHICLE'S LICENSE PLATE
 IS OBSTRUCTED, CONCEALED, AND/OR DISTORTED IN WHICH CASE SUCH NOTICES OF
 LIABILITY SHALL BE SENT WITHIN FORTY-FIVE BUSINESS DAYS. Personal deliv-
 ery on the owner shall not be required. A manual or automatic record  of
 mailing prepared in the ordinary course of business shall be prima facie
 evidence of the facts contained therein.
   2.  A  notice  of  liability shall contain the name and address of the
 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation  of  subdivision
 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this arti-
 A. 7997                             4
 
 cle  OR  FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBPARAGRAPH (II), (II-A), OR (III) OF PARA-
 GRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO OF THIS CHAPTER
 pursuant to  this  section,  the  registration  number  of  the  vehicle
 involved  in  such  violation,  the  location  where such violation took
 place, the date and time of such violation, the identification number of
 the camera which  recorded  the  violation  or  other  document  locator
 number,  at  least  two  date and time stamped images of the rear of the
 motor vehicle that include the same stationary  object  near  the  motor
 vehicle, and the certificate charging the liability.
   3.  The  notice  of  liability  shall contain information advising the
 person charged of the manner and the time in which [he or she] THEY  may
 contest  the  liability  alleged in the notice. Such notice of liability
 shall also contain a prominent warning to advise the person charged that
 failure to contest in the manner and time provided shall  be  deemed  an
 admission of liability and that a default judgment may be entered there-
 on.
   4. The notice of liability shall be prepared and mailed by the city of
 New  York,  or by any other entity authorized by the city to prepare and
 mail such notice of liability.
   [(h)] (I) Adjudication of the liability imposed upon  owners  of  this
 section shall be by the New York city parking violations bureau.
   [(i)]  (J) If an owner receives a notice of liability pursuant to this
 section for any time period during which the vehicle or the number plate
 or plates of such vehicle was  reported  to  the  police  department  as
 having  been  stolen,  it  shall  be a valid defense to an allegation of
 liability for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)  or  (g)  of
 section  eleven  hundred eighty of this article pursuant to this section
 that the vehicle or the number plate or plates of such vehicle had  been
 reported  to  the  police  as  stolen  prior  to  the time the violation
 occurred and had not been  recovered  by  such  time.  For  purposes  of
 asserting  the  defense provided by this subdivision, it shall be suffi-
 cient that a certified copy of the police report on the  stolen  vehicle
 or number plate or plates of such vehicle be sent by first class mail to
 the  New  York  city  parking  violations bureau, or by any other entity
 authorized by the city to prepare and mail such notice of liability.
   [(j) Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners of this section
 shall be by the New York city parking violations bureau.]
   (k) 1. An owner who is a lessor of a vehicle  to  which  a  notice  of
 liability  was  issued pursuant to subdivision [(g)] (H) of this section
 shall not be liable for the violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),  (f)
 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article pursuant to this
 section, provided that:
   (i)  prior  to  the  violation, the lessor has filed with such parking
 violations bureau in accordance  with  the  provisions  of  section  two
 hundred thirty-nine of this chapter; and
   (ii)  within thirty-seven days after receiving notice from such bureau
 of the date and time of a liability, together with the other information
 contained in the original notice of liability,  the  lessor  submits  to
 such  bureau  the  correct name and address of the lessee of the vehicle
 identified in the notice of liability at the  time  of  such  violation,
 together with such other additional information contained in the rental,
 lease  or other contract document, as may be reasonably required by such
 bureau pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated for such purpose.
   2. Failure to comply with subparagraph (ii) of paragraph [(a)] ONE  of
 this   subdivision  shall  render  the  owner  liable  for  the  penalty
 prescribed in this section.
 A. 7997                             5
 
   3. Where the lessor complies with the provisions  of  paragraph  [(a)]
 ONE  of this subdivision, the lessee of such vehicle on the date of such
 violation shall be deemed to be the owner of such vehicle  for  purposes
 of this section, shall be subject to liability for such violation pursu-
 ant  to this section and shall be sent a notice of liability pursuant to
 subdivision [nine] (H) of this section.
   (l) 1. If the owner liable for a violation of subdivision (c)  or  (d)
 of  section  eleven  hundred  eighty  of  this  article pursuant to this
 section was not  the  operator  of  the  vehicle  at  the  time  of  the
 violation,  the owner may maintain an action for indemnification against
 the operator.
   2. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, no owner of  a
 vehicle  shall  be  subject  to a monetary fine imposed pursuant to this
 section if the operator of such vehicle was operating such vehicle with-
 out the consent of the owner at the time  such  operator  operated  such
 vehicle in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section
 eleven  hundred eighty of this article. For purposes of this subdivision
 there shall be a presumption that the operator of such vehicle was oper-
 ating such vehicle with the consent of the owner at  the  time  of  such
 operator  operated  such  vehicle  in violation of subdivision (b), (c),
 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article.
   (m) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the  liability
 of  an operator of a vehicle for any violation of subdivision (c) or (d)
 of section eleven hundred eighty of this article.
   (n) If the city adopts a demonstration program pursuant to subdivision
 (a) of this section it shall conduct a study and submit an annual report
 on the results of the use of photo devices to the governor,  the  tempo-
 rary  president  of  the  senate,  and the speaker of the assembly on or
 before June first, two thousand twenty and on  the  same  date  in  each
 succeeding  year  in  which  the demonstration program is operable. Such
 report shall include:
   1. the locations where and dates when photo speed violation monitoring
 systems were used;
   2. the aggregate number, type, and severity  of  crashes,  fatalities,
 injuries,  and  property  damage  reported within all school speed zones
 within the city, to the extent the  information  is  maintained  by  the
 department of motor vehicles of this state;
   3.  the  aggregate  number, type, and severity of crashes, fatalities,
 injuries, and property damage reported within school speed  zones  where
 photo  speed  violation  monitoring systems were used, to the extent the
 information is maintained by the department of motor  vehicles  of  this
 state;
   4.  the  number  of  violations recorded within all school speed zones
 WHERE A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM IS USED within the city,
 in the aggregate on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis;
   5. the number of violations recorded within  each  school  speed  zone
 where  a  photo speed violation monitoring system is used, in the aggre-
 gate on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis;
   6. the number of violations recorded within  all  school  speed  zones
 WHERE  A PHOTO SPEED VIOLATION MONITORING SYSTEM IS USED within the city
 that were:
   (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles  per  hour  over  the
 posted speed limit;
   (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the
 posted speed limit;
 A. 7997                             6
 
   (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the
 posted speed limit; and
   (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit;
   7.  the  number  of  violations recorded within each school speed zone
 where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used that were:
   (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles  per  hour  over  the
 posted speed limit;
   (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the
 posted speed limit;
   (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the
 posted speed limit; and
   (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit;
   8.  THE  NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS REPORTED IN PARAGRAPHS TWO THROUGH SEVEN
 OF THIS SUBDIVISION THAT ALSO INVOLVED A VIOLATION OF SUBPARAGRAPH (II),
 (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION  ONE  OF  SECTION  FOUR
 HUNDRED TWO OF THIS CHAPTER.
   9.  the  total  number  of  notices of liability issued for violations
 recorded by such systems;
   [9.] 10. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF INSTANCES WHEN A  PHOTO  SPEED  VIOLATION
 MONITORING  SYSTEM  RECORDED  A VIOLATION WITHIN A SCHOOL SPEED ZONE BUT
 WAS UNABLE  TO  ISSUE  A  NOTICE  OF  LIABILITY  DUE  TO  LICENSE  PLATE
 OBSTRUCTION, CONCEALMENT, AND/OR DISTORTION;
   11. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the first
 notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems;
   [10.] 12. the number of violations adjudicated and the results of such
 adjudications  including  breakdowns of dispositions made for violations
 recorded by such systems;
   [11.] 13. the  total  amount  of  revenue  realized  by  the  city  in
 connection with the program;
   [12.]  14.  the  expenses  incurred by the city in connection with the
 program;
   [13.] 15. the quality of the adjudication process and its results; AND
   [14.] 16. the total amount of revenue expended on traffic  and  pedes-
 trian safety within the city of New York[; and
   15.  the effectiveness and adequacy of the hours of operation for such
 program to determine the impact on speeding violations and prevention of
 crashes].
   (o) It shall be a defense to any prosecution for a violation of subdi-
 vision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section  eleven  hundred  eighty  of
 this  article  OR FOR A VIOLATION OF SUBPARAGRAPH (II), (II-A), OR (III)
 OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO OF  THIS
 CHAPTER  pursuant  to this section that such photo speed violation moni-
 toring system was malfunctioning at the time of the alleged violation.
   § 4. Subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and traffic  law,  as
 amended  by  section  2 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023, is
 amended to read as follows:
   1. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general,  special
 or  local  law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which
 heretofore or hereafter is authorized  to  establish  an  administrative
 tribunal:  (a)  to  hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions
 constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or (b) to adjudi-
 cate the liability of  owners  for  violations  of  subdivision  (d)  of
 section  eleven  hundred  eleven  of  this chapter imposed pursuant to a
 local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on  the  owner  of  a
 vehicle  for  failure of an operator thereof to comply with traffic-con-
 trol indications through the installation and operation of  traffic-con-
 A. 7997                             7
 
 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti-
 cle  twenty-four  of this chapter, or (c) to adjudicate the liability of
 owners for violations of subdivision  (b),  (c),  (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of
 section  eleven  hundred  eighty  of  this  chapter OR FOR VIOLATIONS OF
 SUBPARAGRAPH (II), (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION  ONE
 OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO OF THIS CHAPTER imposed pursuant to a demon-
 stration  program  imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle
 for failure of an operator thereof to comply with  such  posted  maximum
 speed  limits  through  the  installation  and  operation of photo speed
 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of  this
 chapter,  or (d) to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of
 bus lane restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of this  chapter
 imposed  pursuant  to  a  bus  rapid  transit  program imposing monetary
 liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an  operator  thereof
 to  comply  with such bus lane restrictions through the installation and
 operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article  twenty-
 four  of  this chapter, or (e) to adjudicate the liability of owners for
 violations of toll collection  regulations  imposed  by  certain  public
 authorities  pursuant  to the law authorizing such public authorities to
 impose monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for  failure  of  an
 operator  thereof  to  comply  with  toll collection regulations of such
 public authorities through the installation and operation of photo-moni-
 toring systems, in accordance with the provisions of section  two  thou-
 sand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections
 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
 of  the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or (f) to adjudicate the liabil-
 ity of owners for violations of section eleven hundred  seventy-four  of
 this  chapter  when meeting a school bus marked and equipped as provided
 in subdivisions twenty and twenty-one-c of section three hundred  seven-
 ty-five  of  this  chapter  imposed pursuant to a local law or ordinance
 imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of  an
 operator  thereof  to  comply with school bus red visual signals through
 the installation and operation of school bus photo violation  monitoring
 systems,  in accordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter, or (g)
 to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations  of  section  three
 hundred  eighty-five  of this chapter and the rules of the department of
 transportation of the city of New York  in  relation  to  gross  vehicle
 weight  and/or  axle  weight  violations  imposed pursuant to a weigh in
 motion demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of
 a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with  such  gross
 vehicle  weight and/or axle weight restrictions through the installation
 and operation of  weigh  in  motion  violation  monitoring  systems,  in
 accordance  with  article  ten of this chapter, or (h) to adjudicate the
 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (d), (f)  or  (g)
 of  section  eleven hundred eighty of this chapter imposed pursuant to a
 demonstration program imposing monetary liability  on  the  owner  of  a
 vehicle  for  failure  of an operator thereof to comply with such posted
 maximum speed limits within a highway construction or  maintenance  work
 area  through  the  installation  and operation of photo speed violation
 monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of  this  chapter,
 or (i) to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of bus oper-
 ation-related  traffic  regulations as defined by article twenty-four of
 this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing  mone-
 tary  liability  on  the  owner  of a vehicle for failure of an operator
 thereof to comply with such bus  operation-related  traffic  regulations
 through  the  installation  and operation of bus operation-related photo
 A. 7997                             8
 
 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of  this  chapter,  such
 tribunal  and  the  rules  and  regulations  pertaining thereto shall be
 constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections.
   §  5.  Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
 amended by section 3 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023,    is
 amended to read as follows:
   1.  Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such
 tribunal when created shall be known as the  parking  violations  bureau
 and  shall  have  jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a
 parking violation and, where authorized: (a) to adjudicate the liability
 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of  section  eleven  hundred
 eleven  of  this  chapter  imposed  pursuant to a local law or ordinance
 imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of  an
 operator  thereof to comply with traffic-control indications through the
 installation and operation of traffic-control  signal  photo  violation-
 monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chap-
 ter,  or  (b)  to  adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of
 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven  hundred  eighty
 OR  FOR  VIOLATIONS  OF SUBPARAGRAPH (II), (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH
 (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION  FOUR  HUNDRED  TWO  of  this  chapter
 imposed  pursuant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability
 on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof  to  comply
 with such posted maximum speed limits through the installation and oper-
 ation  of  photo  speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with
 article thirty of this chapter, or (c) to adjudicate  the  liability  of
 owners  for  violations  of  bus lane restrictions as defined by article
 twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant  to  a  bus  rapid  transit
 program  imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for fail-
 ure of an operator thereof to comply with  such  bus  lane  restrictions
 through  the  installation  and  operation of bus lane photo devices, in
 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, or (d)  to  adjudi-
 cate  the  liability  of  owners for violations of toll collection regu-
 lations imposed by  certain  public  authorities  pursuant  to  the  law
 authorizing  such public authorities to impose monetary liability on the
 owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator  thereof  to  comply  with
 toll  collection  regulations  of  such  public  authorities through the
 installation and operation of photo-monitoring  systems,  in  accordance
 with  the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of
 the  public  authorities  law  and  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and
 sixteen-c  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen
 hundred fifty,  or  (e)  to  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners  for
 violations  of  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter when
 meeting a school bus marked and equipped  as  provided  in  subdivisions
 twenty  and  twenty-one-c  of section three hundred seventy-five of this
 chapter imposed pursuant to a local law or ordinance  imposing  monetary
 liability  on  the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof
 to comply with school bus red visual signals  through  the  installation
 and  operation  of  school  bus  photo  violation monitoring systems, in
 accordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter, or (f)  to  adjudi-
 cate  the  liability  of  owners for violations of section three hundred
 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor-
 tation of the city of New York  in  relation  to  gross  vehicle  weight
 and/or  axle  weight  violations  imposed  pursuant to a weigh in motion
 demonstration program imposing monetary liability  on  the  owner  of  a
 vehicle  for  failure  of  an operator thereof to comply with such gross
 vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions through the  installation
 A. 7997                             9
 
 and  operation  of  weigh  in  motion  violation  monitoring systems, in
 accordance with article ten of this chapter, or (g)  to  adjudicate  the
 liability  of  owners for violations of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g)
 of  section  eleven hundred eighty of this chapter imposed pursuant to a
 demonstration program imposing monetary liability  on  the  owner  of  a
 vehicle  for  failure  of an operator thereof to comply with such posted
 maximum speed limits within a highway construction or  maintenance  work
 area  through  the  installation  and operation of photo speed violation
 monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of  this  chapter,
 or (h) to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of bus oper-
 ation-related  traffic  regulations as defined by article twenty-four of
 this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing  mone-
 tary  liability  on  the  owner  of a vehicle for failure of an operator
 thereof to comply with such bus  operation-related  traffic  regulations
 through  the  installation  and operation of bus operation-related photo
 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of  this  chapter.  Such
 tribunal,  except  in  a  city with a population of one million or more,
 shall also have jurisdiction of abandoned vehicle  violations.  For  the
 purposes  of  this  article, a parking violation is the violation of any
 law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the  parking,  stop-
 ping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article,
 "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the
 city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner.
   §  6.  Paragraph  f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and
 traffic law, as amended by section 4 of part MM of  chapter  56  of  the
 laws of 2023, is amended to read as follows:
   f.  "Notice  of  violation"  means a notice of violation as defined in
 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven  of  this  article,
 but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant
 to authorization set forth in articles ten, twenty-four, twenty-nine and
 thirty of this chapter, section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of
 the  public  authorities  law  and  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and
 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of  nineteen
 hundred fifty to impose monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for
 failure  of  an  operator  thereof: to comply with traffic-control indi-
 cations in violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven
 of this chapter through the installation and operation  of  traffic-con-
 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti-
 cle  twenty-four of this chapter; or to comply with certain posted maxi-
 mum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)  or  (g)
 of  section  eleven  hundred  eighty OR FOR VIOLATING SUBPARAGRAPH (II),
 (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION  ONE  OF  SECTION  FOUR
 HUNDRED  TWO  of  this chapter through the installation and operation of
 photo speed violation monitoring systems,  in  accordance  with  article
 thirty  of  this  chapter;  or  to  comply with bus lane restrictions as
 defined by article twenty-four of this chapter through the  installation
 and  operation  of  bus  lane  photo devices, in accordance with article
 twenty-four of this chapter; or to comply  with  toll  collection  regu-
 lations of certain public authorities through the installation and oper-
 ation  of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions of
 section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public  authorities
 law  and  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven
 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; or  to  stop
 for  a school bus displaying a red visual signal in violation of section
 eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter through the installation and
 operation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems,  in  accord-
 A. 7997                            10
 
 ance with article twenty-nine of this chapter; or to comply with certain
 posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or
 (g)  of  section  eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within a highway
 construction or maintenance work area through the installation and oper-
 ation  of  photo  speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with
 article thirty of this chapter; or to comply with gross  vehicle  weight
 and/or  axle  weight  restrictions in violation of section three hundred
 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor-
 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of
 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article
 ten of this chapter; or to comply  with  bus  operation-related  traffic
 regulations  as  defined  by  article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter in
 violation of the rules of the department of transportation of  the  city
 of  New York through the installation and operation of bus operation-re-
 lated photo devices, in accordance  with  article  twenty-four  of  this
 chapter.
   §  7. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic
 law, as amended by section 5 of part MM of chapter 56  of  the  laws  of
 2023, are amended to read as follows:
   1.  Notice  of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with a parking
 violation enters a plea of not guilty; or a person alleged to be  liable
 in  accordance  with  any provisions of law specifically authorizing the
 imposition of monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle  for  failure
 of  an  operator  thereof: to comply with traffic-control indications in
 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
 chapter through the installation and operation of traffic-control signal
 photo  violation-monitoring  systems, in accordance with article twenty-
 four of this chapter; or to comply with  certain  posted  maximum  speed
 limits  in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section
 eleven hundred eighty OR FOR VIOLATING  SUBPARAGRAPH  (II),  (II-A),  OR
 (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO of
 this  chapter  through  the  installation  and  operation of photo speed
 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of  this
 chapter;  or  to comply with bus lane restrictions as defined by article
 twenty-four of this chapter through the installation  and  operation  of
 bus  lane  photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this
 chapter; or to comply with toll collection regulations of certain public
 authorities through the installation and operation  of  photo-monitoring
 systems,  in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine
 hundred  eighty-five  of  the  public  authorities  law   and   sections
 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
 of  the  laws  of  nineteen  hundred  fifty; or to stop for a school bus
 displaying a red visual signal in violation of  section  eleven  hundred
 seventy-four  of  this chapter through the installation and operation of
 school bus photo violation monitoring systems, in accordance with  arti-
 cle  twenty-nine of this chapter; or to comply with certain posted maxi-
 mum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of
 section   eleven  hundred  eighty  of  this  chapter  within  a  highway
 construction or maintenance work area through the installation and oper-
 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems,  in  accordance  with
 article  thirty  of this chapter; or to comply with gross vehicle weight
 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of  section  three  hundred
 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor-
 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of
 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article
 ten  of  this  chapter;  or to comply with bus operation-related traffic
 A. 7997                            11
 
 regulations as  defined  by  article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter  in
 violation  of  the rules of the department of transportation of the city
 of New York through the installation and operation of bus  operation-re-
 lated  photo  devices,  in  accordance  with article twenty-four of this
 chapter, contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise  such  person
 personally  by  such form of first class mail as the director may direct
 of the date on which [he or she] THEY must appear to answer  the  charge
 at  a  hearing.  The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be
 prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning  to  advise  the
 person  so  pleading  or  contesting  that failure to appear on the date
 designated, or on any subsequent adjourned  date,  shall  be  deemed  an
 admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther-
 eon.
   1-a.  Fines  and  penalties.  Whenever  a  plea of not guilty has been
 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
 in accordance with provisions of law specifically authorizing the  impo-
 sition of monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an
 operator   thereof:   to  comply  with  traffic-control  indications  in
 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
 chapter through the installation and operation of traffic-control signal
 photo  violation-monitoring  systems, in accordance with article twenty-
 four of this chapter; or to comply with  certain  posted  maximum  speed
 limits  in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section
 eleven hundred eighty OR FOR VIOLATING  SUBPARAGRAPH  (II),  (II-A),  OR
 (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO of
 this  chapter  through  the  installation  and  operation of photo speed
 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of  this
 chapter;  or  to comply with bus lane restrictions as defined by article
 twenty-four of this chapter through the installation  and  operation  of
 bus  lane  photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this
 chapter; or to comply with toll collection regulations of certain public
 authorities through the installation and operation  of  photo-monitoring
 systems,  in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine
 hundred  eighty-five  of  the  public  authorities  law   and   sections
 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
 of  the  laws  of  nineteen  hundred  fifty; or to stop for a school bus
 displaying a red visual signal in violation of  section  eleven  hundred
 seventy-four  of  this chapter through the installation and operation of
 school bus photo violation monitoring systems, in accordance with  arti-
 cle  twenty-nine of this chapter; or to comply with certain posted maxi-
 mum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of
 section   eleven  hundred  eighty  of  this  chapter  within  a  highway
 construction or maintenance work area through the installation and oper-
 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems,  in  accordance  with
 article  thirty  of this chapter; or to comply with gross vehicle weight
 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of  section  three  hundred
 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor-
 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of
 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article
 ten  of  this  chapter;  or to comply with bus operation-related traffic
 regulations as  defined  by  article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter  in
 violation  of  the rules of the department of transportation of the city
 of New York through the installation and operation of bus  operation-re-
 lated  photo  devices,  in  accordance  with article twenty-four of this
 chapter, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hear-
 ing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet  been  held,  the
 A. 7997                            12
 
 bureau  shall  not  issue  any  notice of fine or penalty to that person
 prior to the date of the hearing.
   § 8. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle
 and traffic law, as amended by section 6 of part MM of chapter 56 of the
 laws of 2023, are amended to read as follows:
   a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
 or an allegation of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision
 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter imposed pursuant to
 a  local  law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of a
 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply  with  traffic-con-
 trol  indications through the installation and operation of traffic-con-
 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti-
 cle twenty-four of this chapter, or an allegation  of  liability  of  an
 owner  for  a  violation  of  subdivision  (b),  (c), (d), (f) or (g) of
 section eleven hundred eighty OR FOR A VIOLATION OF  SUBPARAGRAPH  (II),
 (II-A),  OR  (III)  OF  PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR
 HUNDRED TWO of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration  program
 imposing  monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an
 operator thereof to comply with  certain  posted  maximum  speed  limits
 through the installation and operation of photo speed violation monitor-
 ing  systems,  in  accordance with article thirty of this chapter, or an
 allegation of liability  of  an  owner  for  a  violation  of  bus  lane
 restrictions  as  defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed
 pursuant to a bus rapid transit program imposing monetary  liability  on
 the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with
 such bus lane restrictions through the installation and operation of bus
 lane photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chap-
 ter,  or  an allegation of liability of an owner for a violation of toll
 collection regulations imposed by certain public authorities pursuant to
 the law authorizing such public authorities to impose monetary liability
 on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof  to  comply
 with  toll collection regulations of such public authorities through the
 installation and operation of photo-monitoring  systems,  in  accordance
 with  the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of
 the  public  authorities  law  and  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and
 sixteen-c  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen
 hundred fifty, or an allegation of liability of an owner for a violation
 of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter  when  meeting  a
 school  bus  marked  and equipped as provided in subdivisions twenty and
 twenty-one-c of section  three  hundred  seventy-five  of  this  chapter
 imposed pursuant to a local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability
 on  the  owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply
 with school bus red visual signals through the installation  and  opera-
 tion  of  school  bus  photo violation monitoring systems, in accordance
 with article twenty-nine of this chapter, or an allegation of  liability
 of  an  owner  for  a  violation  of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of
 section eleven hundred eighty of this  chapter  imposed  pursuant  to  a
 demonstration  program  imposing  monetary  liability  on the owner of a
 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with certain posted
 maximum speed limits within a highway construction or  maintenance  work
 area  through  the  installation  and operation of photo speed violation
 monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of  this  chapter,
 or  an  allegation  of  liability of an owner for a violation of section
 three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of  the  depart-
 ment  of  transportation  of  the  city of New York in relation to gross
 vehicle weight and/or axle weight violations imposed pursuant to a weigh
 A. 7997                            13
 
 in motion demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner
 of a vehicle for failure of an operator  thereof  to  comply  with  such
 gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions through the instal-
 lation and operation of weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in
 accordance with article ten of this chapter, or an allegation of liabil-
 ity  of  an owner for a violation of bus operation-related traffic regu-
 lations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursu-
 ant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the  owner
 of  a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such bus
 operation-related traffic regulations through the installation and oper-
 ation of bus operation-related photo devices, in accordance with article
 twenty-four of this chapter, shall be held before a hearing examiner  in
 accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau.
   g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a
 hearing  at  which  liability  in  accordance with any provisions of law
 specifically authorizing the imposition of  monetary  liability  on  the
 owner  of  a  vehicle for failure of an operator thereof: to comply with
 traffic-control indications in violation of subdivision (d)  of  section
 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter through the installation and oper-
 ation  of  traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in
 accordance with article twenty-four of  this  chapter;  to  comply  with
 certain  posted  maximum  speed  limits in violation of subdivision (b),
 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty OR  FOR  VIOLATING
 SUBPARAGRAPH  (II), (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE
 OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO of this chapter through the installation and
 operation of photo speed violation  monitoring  systems,  in  accordance
 with   article   thirty  of  this  chapter;  to  comply  with  bus  lane
 restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of this  chapter  through
 the  installation and operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance
 with article twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with toll collection
 regulations of certain public authorities through the  installation  and
 operation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions
 of  section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori-
 ties law and sections sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter
 seven  hundred  seventy-four  of  the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to
 stop for a school bus displaying a red visual  signal  in  violation  of
 section  eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter through the instal-
 lation and operation of school bus photo violation  monitoring  systems,
 in  accordance  with article twenty-nine of this chapter; to comply with
 certain posted maximum speed limits in  violation  of  subdivision  (b),
 (d),  (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within
 a highway construction or maintenance work area through the installation
 and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance
 with article thirty of this chapter; to comply with gross vehicle weight
 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of  section  three  hundred
 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor-
 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of
 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article
 ten  of  this  chapter;  or to comply with bus operation-related traffic
 regulations as  defined  by  article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter  in
 violation  of  the rules of the department of transportation of the city
 of New York through the installation and operation of bus  operation-re-
 lated  photo  devices,  in  accordance  with article twenty-four of this
 chapter, is contested.  Recording devices may be used for the making  of
 the record.
 A. 7997                            14
 
   §  9.  Subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic
 law, as amended by section 7 of part MM of chapter 56  of  the  laws  of
 2023, are amended to read as follows:
   1.  The  hearing  examiner  shall make a determination on the charges,
 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner  deter-
 mines  that the charges have been sustained [he or she] THEY may examine
 either the prior parking violations record or the record of  liabilities
 incurred in accordance with any provisions of law specifically authoriz-
 ing  the  imposition of monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for
 failure of an operator thereof: to  comply  with  traffic-control  indi-
 cations in violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven
 of  this  chapter through the installation and operation of traffic-con-
 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti-
 cle twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with certain  posted  maximum
 speed  limits  in  violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of
 section eleven  hundred  eighty  OR  FOR  VIOLATING  SUBPARAGRAPH  (II),
 (II-A),  OR  (III)  OF  PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR
 HUNDRED TWO of this chapter through the installation  and  operation  of
 photo  speed  violation  monitoring  systems, in accordance with article
 thirty of this chapter; to comply with bus lane restrictions as  defined
 by  article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter through the installation and
 operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article  twenty-
 four  of  this  chapter;  to  comply with toll collection regulations of
 certain public authorities through the  installation  and  operation  of
 photo-monitoring  systems,  in accordance with the provisions of section
 two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law  and
 sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred
 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to stop for a school
 bus displaying a red  visual  signal  in  violation  of  section  eleven
 hundred seventy-four of this chapter through the installation and opera-
 tion  of  school  bus  photo violation monitoring systems, in accordance
 with article twenty-nine of this chapter; to comply with certain  posted
 maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of
 section   eleven  hundred  eighty  of  this  chapter  within  a  highway
 construction or maintenance work area through the installation and oper-
 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems,  in  accordance  with
 article  thirty  of  this  chapter;  to comply with gross vehicle weight
 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of  section  three  hundred
 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor-
 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of
 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article
 ten  of  this  chapter;  or to comply with bus operation-related traffic
 regulations as  defined  by  article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter  in
 violation  of  the rules of the department of transportation of the city
 of New York through the installation and operation of bus  operation-re-
 lated  photo  devices,  in  accordance  with article twenty-four of this
 chapter, of the person charged, as applicable prior to rendering a final
 determination. Final determinations  sustaining  or  dismissing  charges
 shall  be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau
 together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties.
   2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge  of  a
 parking  violation  or  contest an allegation of liability in accordance
 with any provisions of law specifically authorizing  the  imposition  of
 monetary  liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator
 thereof: to comply with  traffic-control  indications  in  violation  of
 subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter through
 A. 7997                            15
 
 the  installation  and  operation of traffic-control signal photo viola-
 tion-monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-four of  this
 chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in violation
 of  subdivision  (b),  (c),  (d),  (f)  or (g) of section eleven hundred
 eighty OR FOR VIOLATING SUBPARAGRAPH (II), (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH
 (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION  FOUR  HUNDRED  TWO  of  this  chapter
 through the installation and operation of photo speed violation monitor-
 ing  systems,  in  accordance  with  article  thirty of this chapter; to
 comply with bus lane restrictions as defined by article  twenty-four  of
 this  chapter  through  the installation and operation of bus lane photo
 devices, in accordance with article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter;  to
 comply  with  toll  collection regulations of certain public authorities
 through the installation and operation of photo-monitoring  systems,  in
 accordance  with  the  provisions  of  section two thousand nine hundred
 eighty-five of  the  public  authorities  law  and  sections  sixteen-a,
 sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the
 laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to stop for a school  bus  displaying  a
 red visual signal in violation of section eleven hundred seventy-four of
 this  chapter through the installation and operation of school bus photo
 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-nine  of
 this  chapter;  to  comply  with  certain posted maximum speed limits in
 violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven  hundred
 eighty of this chapter within a highway construction or maintenance work
 area  through  the  installation  and operation of photo speed violation
 monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of  this  chapter;
 to  comply  with gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions in
 violation of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter  and  the
 rules  of  the  department  of  transportation  of  the city of New York
 through the installation and operation  of  weigh  in  motion  violation
 monitoring  systems,  in accordance with article ten of this chapter; or
 to comply with bus operation-related traffic regulations as  defined  by
 article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter in violation of the rules of the
 department of transportation of the city of New York through the instal-
 lation and operation of bus operation-related photo devices, in  accord-
 ance  with  article twenty-four of this chapter, or fails to appear on a
 designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or  fails  after  a
 hearing  to  comply  with  the  determination  of a hearing examiner, as
 prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau,  such
 failure  to  plead or contest, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all
 purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds  for  rendering
 and  entering  a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and
 regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original
 date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be
 rendered, in such case the  bureau  shall  pursuant  to  the  applicable
 provisions  of  law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first
 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the  violation  charged,
 or  liability  alleged  in accordance with any provisions of law specif-
 ically authorizing the imposition of monetary liability on the owner  of
 a  vehicle  for  failure of an operator thereof: to comply with traffic-
 control indications in violation of subdivision (d)  of  section  eleven
 hundred eleven of this chapter through the installation and operation of
 traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance
 with  article twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with certain posted
 maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),  (f)  or
 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty OR FOR VIOLATING SUBPARAGRAPH (II),
 (II-A),  OR  (III)  OF  PARAGRAPH (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR
 A. 7997                            16
 
 HUNDRED TWO of this chapter through the installation  and  operation  of
 photo  speed  violation  monitoring  systems, in accordance with article
 thirty of this chapter; to comply with bus lane restrictions as  defined
 by  article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter through the installation and
 operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article  twenty-
 four  of  this  chapter;  to  comply with toll collection regulations of
 certain public authorities through the  installation  and  operation  of
 photo-monitoring  systems,  in accordance with the provisions of section
 two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law  and
 sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred
 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to stop for a school
 bus displaying a red  visual  signal  in  violation  of  section  eleven
 hundred seventy-four of this chapter through the installation and opera-
 tion  of  school  bus  photo violation monitoring systems, in accordance
 with article twenty-nine of this chapter; to comply with certain  posted
 maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of
 section   eleven  hundred  eighty  of  this  chapter  within  a  highway
 construction or maintenance work area through the installation and oper-
 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems,  in  accordance  with
 article  thirty  of  this  chapter;  to comply with gross vehicle weight
 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of  section  three  hundred
 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor-
 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of
 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article
 ten  of  this  chapter;  or to comply with bus operation-related traffic
 regulations as  defined  by  article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter  in
 violation  of  the rules of the department of transportation of the city
 of New York through the installation and operation of bus  operation-re-
 lated  photo  devices,  in  accordance  with article twenty-four of this
 chapter, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that  such  judgment
 will  be  entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has
 been established, or other court of  civil  jurisdiction  or  any  other
 place  provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New
 York, and (4) that a default may  be  avoided  by  entering  a  plea  or
 contesting  an allegation of liability in accordance with any provisions
 of law specifically authorizing the imposition of monetary liability  on
 the  owner  of  a  vehicle for failure of an operator thereof: to comply
 with traffic-control indications in  violation  of  subdivision  (d)  of
 section  eleven  hundred eleven of this chapter through the installation
 and  operation  of  traffic-control  signal  photo  violation-monitoring
 systems,  in  accordance  with  article  twenty-four of this chapter; to
 comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivi-
 sion (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty  OR  FOR
 VIOLATING  SUBPARAGRAPHS  (II),  (II-A),  OR  (III)  OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF
 SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO of this chapter through  the
 installation  and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems,
 in accordance with article thirty of this chapter; to  comply  with  bus
 lane  restrictions  as  defined  by  article twenty-four of this chapter
 through the installation and operation of bus  lane  photo  devices,  in
 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with toll
 collection regulations of certain public authorities through the instal-
 lation and operation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the
 provisions  of  section  two  thousand  nine  hundred eighty-five of the
 public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c
 of  chapter  seven  hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred
 fifty; to stop for a school  bus  displaying  a  red  visual  signal  in
 A. 7997                            17
 
 violation of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter through
 the  installation and operation of school bus photo violation monitoring
 systems, in accordance with article  twenty-nine  of  this  chapter;  to
 comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivi-
 sion (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
 ter  within  a highway construction or maintenance work area through the
 installation and operation of photo speed violation monitoring  systems,
 in  accordance with article thirty of this chapter; to comply with gross
 vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions in violation  of  section
 three  hundred  eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the depart-
 ment of transportation of the city of New York through the  installation
 and  operation  of  weigh  in  motion  violation  monitoring systems, in
 accordance with article ten of this chapter; or to comply with bus oper-
 ation-related traffic regulations as defined by article  twenty-four  of
 this  chapter in violation of the rules of the department of transporta-
 tion of the city of New York through the installation and  operation  of
 bus  operation-related photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-
 four of this chapter; or making an appearance within thirty days of  the
 sending  of  such notice. Pleas entered and allegations contested within
 that period shall be in the manner prescribed  in  the  notice  and  not
 subject  to  additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default
 judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry  thereof
 in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of
 New  York.  In  no  case  shall a default judgment be rendered or, where
 required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than  two
 years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea or
 contesting an allegation.  When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine
 or  penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the
 hearing. If the hearing examiner  shall  make  a  determination  on  the
 charges,  sustaining  them,  [he  or  she]  THEY shall impose no greater
 penalty or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged.
   § 10. Subdivision 1-a of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic  law,
 as amended by section 9 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023, is
 amended to read as follows:
   1-a.  Notwithstanding  the  provisions  of  subdivision  one  of  this
 section, the provisions of subdivision one of  this  section  shall  not
 apply  to  an adjudication of liability of owners: (a) for violations of
 subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter imposed
 pursuant to a local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on  the
 owner  of  a  vehicle  for failure of an operator thereof to comply with
 traffic-control indications through the installation  and  operation  of
 traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance
 with  article  twenty-four  of  this  chapter;  or (b) for violations of
 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven  hundred  eighty
 OR  FOR  VIOLATIONS  OF SUBPARAGRAPH (II), (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH
 (B) OF SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION  FOUR  HUNDRED  TWO  of  this  chapter
 imposed  pursuant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability
 on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof  to  comply
 with such posted maximum speed limits through the installation and oper-
 ation  of  photo  speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with
 article thirty of this chapter;  or  (c)  for  violations  of  bus  lane
 restrictions  as  defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed
 pursuant to a bus rapid transit program imposing monetary  liability  on
 the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with
 such bus lane restrictions through the installation and operation of bus
 lane photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chap-
 A. 7997                            18
 
 ter;  or  (d)  for  violations of toll collection regulations imposed by
 certain public authorities pursuant to the law authorizing  such  public
 authorities  to  impose monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for
 failure  of  an  operator  thereof  to comply with toll collection regu-
 lations of such public authorities through the installation  and  opera-
 tion  of  photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions of
 section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public  authorities
 law  and  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven
 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; or  (e)  for
 violations  of  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter when
 meeting a school bus marked and equipped  as  provided  in  subdivisions
 twenty  and  twenty-one-c  of section three hundred seventy-five of this
 chapter imposed pursuant to a local law or ordinance  imposing  monetary
 liability  on  the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof
 to comply with school bus red visual signals  through  the  installation
 and  operation  of  school  bus  photo  violation monitoring systems, in
 accordance  with  article  twenty-nine  of  this  chapter;  or  (f)  for
 violations  of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and the
 rules of the department of transportation of the city  of  New  York  in
 relation  to  gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight violations imposed
 pursuant to a weigh in motion demonstration  program  imposing  monetary
 liability  on  the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof
 to comply with such gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions
 through the installation and operation  of  weigh  in  motion  violation
 monitoring  systems,  in accordance with article ten of this chapter; or
 (g) for violations of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
 hundred eighty of this  chapter  imposed  pursuant  to  a  demonstration
 program  imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for fail-
 ure of an operator thereof to comply  with  such  posted  maximum  speed
 limits  within  a  highway construction or maintenance work area through
 the installation and  operation  of  photo  speed  violation  monitoring
 systems,  in  accordance with article thirty of this chapter; or (h) for
 violations of bus operation-related traffic regulations  as  defined  by
 article  twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration
 program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for  fail-
 ure  of  an  operator  thereof to comply with such bus operation-related
 traffic regulations through the installation and operation of bus opera-
 tion-related photo devices, in accordance with  article  twenty-four  of
 this chapter.
   §  11.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle
 and traffic law, as amended by section 12 of part MM of  chapter  56  of
 the laws of 2023, is amended to read as follows:
   a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
 a  court  or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result in a
 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule  or
 regulation  adopted  pursuant  to  this  chapter,  except: (i) a traffic
 infraction involving standing, stopping, or  parking  or  violations  by
 pedestrians  or  bicyclists; and (ii) an adjudication of liability of an
 owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev-
 en of this chapter imposed pursuant to a local law or ordinance imposing
 monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an  operator
 thereof to comply with traffic-control indications through the installa-
 tion  and operation of traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring
 systems, in accordance with article twenty-four  of  this  chapter;  and
 A. 7997                            19
 
 (iii) an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi-
 vision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty OR FOR
 A  VIOLATION  OF SUBPARAGRAPH (II), (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF
 SUBDIVISION  ONE  OF  SECTION  FOUR  HUNDRED TWO of this chapter imposed
 pursuant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability  on  the
 owner  of  a  vehicle  for failure of an operator thereof to comply with
 such posted maximum speed limits through the installation and  operation
 of  photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article
 thirty of this chapter; and (iv) an  adjudication  of  liability  of  an
 owner  for  a  violation  of bus lane restrictions as defined by article
 twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant  to  a  bus  rapid  transit
 program  imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for fail-
 ure of an operator thereof to comply with  such  bus  lane  restrictions
 through  the  installation  and  operation of bus lane photo devices, in
 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; and (v) an  adjudi-
 cation of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regu-
 lations  imposed  by  certain  public  authorities  pursuant  to the law
 authorizing such public authorities to impose monetary liability on  the
 owner  of  a  vehicle  for failure of an operator thereof to comply with
 toll collection regulations  of  such  public  authorities  through  the
 installation  and  operation  of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance
 with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public author-
 ities law or sections sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter
 seven  hundred  seventy-four  of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; and
 (vi) an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of section
 eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter when meeting  a  school  bus
 marked  and equipped as provided in subdivisions twenty and twenty-one-c
 of section three hundred seventy-five of this chapter  imposed  pursuant
 to  a local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of
 a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with  school  bus
 red  visual signals through the installation and operation of school bus
 photo violation monitoring systems, in accordance with  article  twenty-
 nine of this chapter; and (vii) an adjudication of liability of an owner
 for a violation of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and
 the rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York in
 relation  to  gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight violations imposed
 pursuant to a weigh in motion demonstration  program  imposing  monetary
 liability  on  the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof
 to comply with such gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions
 through the installation and operation  of  weigh  in  motion  violation
 monitoring  systems, in accordance with article ten of this chapter; and
 (viii) an adjudication of liability of  an  owner  for  a  violation  of
 subdivision  (b),  (d),  (f)  or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of
 this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing  mone-
 tary  liability  on  the  owner  of a vehicle for failure of an operator
 thereof to comply with such posted maximum speed limits within a highway
 construction or maintenance work area through the installation and oper-
 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems,  in  accordance  with
 article thirty of this chapter; and (ix) an adjudication of liability of
 an owner for a violation of bus operation-related traffic regulations as
 defined  by  article  twenty-four  of this chapter imposed pursuant to a
 demonstration program imposing monetary liability  on  the  owner  of  a
 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such bus oper-
 ation-related traffic regulations through the installation and operation
 of bus operation-related photo devices, in accordance with article twen-
 ty-four  of  this  chapter,  there  shall  be  levied in addition to any
 A. 7997                            20
 
 sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted  by  law,  an
 additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
   § 12. Subdivision 13 of section 237 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
 added by section 3 of chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is REPEALED.
   § 13. Subdivision 12 of section 237 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
 added by section 3-a of chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is REPEALED.
   §  14. Chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, amending the vehicle and traf-
 fic law and the public officers  law  relating to establishing in a city
 with a population of one million or more a demonstration program  imple-
 menting  speed  violation  monitoring  systems  in school speed zones by
 means of photo devices, is amended by adding a new section 3-b  to  read
 as follows:
   § 3-B. SECTION 237 OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW IS AMENDED BY ADDING
 A NEW SUBDIVISION 13 TO READ AS FOLLOWS:
   13.  TO  ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY OF OWNERS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SUBDIVI-
 SION (B), (C), (D), (F) OR (G) OF SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY  OR  FOR
 VIOLATIONS  OF  SUBPARAGRAPH  (II), (II-A), OR (III) OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF
 SUBDIVISION ONE OF SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWO OF THIS CHAPTER  IN  ACCORD-
 ANCE WITH SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-B OF THIS CHAPTER.
   §  15.  Section  15  of  chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, amending the
 vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law relating  to  estab-
 lishing  in  a  city  with  a population of one million or more a demon-
 stration program implementing  speed  violation  monitoring  systems  in
 school  speed  zones by means of photo devices, the opening paragraph as
 amended by chapter 229 of the laws  of  2022,  is  amended  to  read  as
 follows:
   §  15.  This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall
 have become a law [and]; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT SECTIONS THREE-B,  TEN,
 THIRTEEN AND FOURTEEN shall expire and be deemed repealed July 1, [2025]
 2030;  and provided further that any rules necessary for the implementa-
 tion of this act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before
 such effective date, provided that:
   (a) [the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and
 traffic law made by section one of this act shall not affect the expira-
 tion of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,  when
 upon  such  date  the provisions of section one-a of this act shall take
 effect;
   (b) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law  made
 by  section  one-a  of  this act shall not affect the expiration of such
 section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
 provisions of section one-b of this act shall take effect;
   (c) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law  made
 by  section  one-b  of  this act shall not affect the expiration of such
 section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
 provisions of section one-c of this act shall take effect;
   (d) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law  made
 by  section  one-c  of  this act shall not affect the expiration of such
 section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
 provisions of section one-d of this act shall take effect;
   (e) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle  and
 traffic law made by section two of this act shall not affect the expira-
 tion  of  such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
 upon such date the provisions of section two-a of this  act  shall  take
 effect;
   (f)  the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and
 traffic law made by section two-a of this act shall not affect the expi-
 A. 7997                            21

 ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
 upon such date the provisions of section two-b of this  act  shall  take
 effect;
   (g)  the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and
 traffic law made by section two-b of this act shall not affect the expi-
 ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
 upon such date the provisions of section two-c of this  act  shall  take
 effect;
   (h) the amendments to subdivision 12 of section 237 of the vehicle and
 traffic  law  made  by  section  three  of this act shall not affect the
 repeal of such subdivision and shall be deemed to be repealed therewith,
 when upon such date the provisions of section three-a of this act  shall
 take effect;
   (h-1)  the  amendments to subdivision 11 of section 237 of the vehicle
 and traffic law made by section three-a of this act shall not affect the
 expiration and  reversion  of  such  subdivision  and  shall  be  deemed
 repealed therewith;
   (i)  the  amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of
 the vehicle and traffic law made by section four of this act  shall  not
 affect  the  expiration  of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire
 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section four-a of  this
 act shall take effect;
   (j)  the  amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of
 the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-a of this act shall not
 affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be  deemed  to  expire
 therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section four-b of this
 act shall take effect;
   (k) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section  239  of
 the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-b of this act shall not
 affect  the  expiration  of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire
 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section four-c of  this
 act shall take effect;
   (l)  the amendments to subdivision 4 of section 239 of the vehicle and
 traffic law made by section five of this act shall not affect the repeal
 of such subdivision and shall be deemed to be repealed  therewith,  when
 upon  such  date the provisions of section five-a of this act shall take
 effect;
   (m) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of  section  240  of  the
 vehicle and traffic law made by section six of this act shall not affect
 the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire there-
 with,  when  upon  such date the provisions of section six-a of this act
 shall take effect;
   (n) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of  section  240  of  the
 vehicle  and  traffic  law  made  by section six-a of this act shall not
 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-b  of  this
 act shall take effect;
   (o)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the
 vehicle and traffic law made by section six-b  of  this  act  shall  not
 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
 therewith,  when  upon such date the provisions of section six-c of this
 act shall take effect;
   (p) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2  of  section
 240  of  the  vehicle  and traffic law made by section seven of this act
 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall  be  deemed
 A. 7997                            22

 to  expire  therewith,  when  upon  such  date the provisions of section
 seven-a of this act shall take effect;
   (q)  the  amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section
 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-a of  this  act
 shall  not  affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed
 to expire therewith, when upon  such  date  the  provisions  of  section
 seven-b of this act shall take effect;
   (r)  the  amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section
 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-b of  this  act
 shall  not  affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed
 to expire therewith, when upon  such  date  the  provisions  of  section
 seven-c of this act shall take effect;
   (s) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehi-
 cle  and  traffic law made by section eight of this act shall not affect
 the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire there-
 with, when upon such date the provisions of section eight-a of this  act
 shall take effect;
   (t) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehi-
 cle and traffic law made by section eight-a of this act shall not affect
 the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire there-
 with,  when upon such date the provisions of section eight-b of this act
 shall take effect;
   (u) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehi-
 cle and traffic law made by section eight-b of this act shall not affect
 the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire there-
 with, when upon such date the provisions of section eight-c of this  act
 shall take effect;
   (v)  the  amendments to subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision
 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by  section  nine
 of  this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall
 be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such  date  the  provisions  of
 section nine-a of this act shall take effect;
   (w) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of
 the vehicle and traffic law made by section nine-a of this act shall not
 affect  the  expiration  of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire
 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section nine-b of  this
 act shall take effect;
   (x) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of
 the vehicle and traffic law made by section nine-b of this act shall not
 affect  the  expiration  of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire
 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section nine-c of  this
 act shall take effect;
   (y)]  the  amendments  to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle
 and traffic law made by section eleven of this act shall not affect  the
 expiration  of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith,
 when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-a of this act shall
 take effect;
   [(z)] (B) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehi-
 cle and traffic law made by section  eleven-a  of  this  act  shall  not
 affect  the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire
 therewith, when upon such date the provisions  of  section  eleven-b  of
 this act shall take effect; AND
   [(aa)]  (C)  the  amendments  to  subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the
 vehicle and traffic law made by section eleven-b of this act  shall  not
 affect  the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire
 A. 7997                            23
 
 therewith, when upon such date the provisions  of  section  eleven-c  of
 this act shall take effect[;
   (bb)  the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e
 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twelve of this act  shall
 not  affect  the  expiration  of  such  paragraph and shall be deemed to
 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-a
 of this act shall take effect; and
   (cc) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section  1809-e
 of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law made by section twelve-a of this act
 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-b
 of this act shall take effect; and
   (dd) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section  1809-e
 of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law made by section twelve-b of this act
 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twelve-c
 of this act shall take effect].
   § 16. This act shall take effect immediately; provided that the amend-
 ments to section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law made by  sections
 one,  two  and  three  of  this  act shall not affect the repeal of such
 section and shall be deemed repealed therewith.