INDEX

Art. Sec.
EDUCATION (see also "Schools"):

Blind, power of legislature to provide... 7 8

Cities, authorization of indebtedness.... 8 1

Commissioner of education, appointment

and removal............................ 5 4

Corporations or associations, exemption

for tax purposes....................... 16 1

Counties, authorization of indebtedness.. 8 1

Deaf, power of legislature to provide.... 7 8

Denominational schools, state aid

prohibited, exception.................. 11 3

Dumb, power of legislature to provide.... 7 8

General provisions relating to........... 11 1-3

Gift or loan of state money or credit,

restriction............................ 7 8

Higher education, authorization to

contract indebtedness.................. 7 19

Juvenile delinquents, power of

legislature to provide................. 7 8

Legislative power over schools and

school system.......................... 9 3(a)

Literature fund, capital and revenues,

application............................ 11 2

Lotteries, net proceeds, legislature to

provide for use of proceeds............ 1 9

Mentally ill, power of legislature to

provide................................ 7 8

Municipalities, authorization of

indebtedness........................... 8 1

Physically handicapped, power of

legislature to provide...... .......... 7 8

Real estate taxes, limitation............ 8 10

Exclusion in villages and certain

cities............................... 8 10

School fund, capital and revenues,

application.......................... 11 2

School system, legislature to provide.. 11 1

Tax limitation on real property........ 8 10

Exclusion in villages and certain

cities............................. 8 10

School districts, certain................ 8 10

Towns, authorization of indebtedness..... 8 1

United States deposit fund, capital and

revenues, application.................. 11 2
EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF:

Commissioner of education as chief

administrative officer................. 5 4

Regents of the University of the State

of New York as head,.... ............. 5 4

Commissioner of education, appointment

-- 1 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

and removal............................ 5 4
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS:

Tax exemption of property................ 16 1

Voting residence unaffected while

student................................ 2 4
ELECTION DAY (see "Elections").
ELECTION DISTRICT:

Residence as qualification for voting.... 2 1
ELECTIONS:

Absentee registration (see

"Registration" under "Elections").

Absentee voting,

Absence from county of residence or

city of New York..................... 2 2

General provisions..................... 2 2

Ill or physically disabled voters...... 2 2

Alternative form of county government.... 9 1(h)

Assembly members,

Day for holding........................ 3 8

New assembly districts, choosing from.. 3 5

Attorney-general, time for holding....... 5 1

No election except at time of electing

governor............................. 5 1

Boards of election,

Appointment or election, manner........ 2 8

Bi-partisan control guaranteed,........ 2 8

Requirement inapplicable to town and

village elections.................. 2 8

Equal representation of two major

political parties required............. 2 8

Existing laws, continuance until changed. 2 8

Officers constituting, appointment and

election,............................ 2 8

Bi-partisan requirement.............. 2 8

Nomination by two major parties.... 2 8

Boards of supervisors, members,

election by private or local

bill prohibited.................... 3 17

Challenge for disqualification, duty

of person challenged................ 2 3

City court judges, outside

New York city...................... 6 17(d)

Comptroller, time for holding........ 5 1

Conditions for receiving vote of

challenged persons................. 2 3

Conduct, secret ballot required...... 2 7

Conduct of, private or local bills

prohibited......................... 3 17

Constitution, submission of

amendment or revision.............. 19 2

-- 2 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Constitutional amendments,

Coincidental submission by

convention and legislature......... 19 3

Submission by legislature............ 19 1

Constitutional convention,

submission of question for holding. 19 2

Counties,

Adoption of alternative form of

county government.................... 9 1(h)

Clerks............................... 13 13(a)

County judges........................ 6 10(a)

District attorneys, counties in city

of New York........................ 13 13(a)

Officers, when not provided by

constitution....................... 13 13(a)

Registers............................ 13 13(a)

Court of appeals,

Chief judge and associate judges,.... 6 2(a)

Vacancy in office.................. 6 2(c)

Disabled voters (see "Ill or physically

disabled voters" under "Elections").

District court judges.................. 6 16(h)

Disqualifications for voting,

Acceptance of compensation or reward

for giving or withholding vote..... 2 3

Betting or wagering upon result...... 2 3

Bribery, conviction.................. 2 3

Duty upon challenge.................. 2 3

Illiteracy........................... 2 1

Infamous crime, conviction........... 2 3

Offering to give or receive com-

pensation for giving or

withholding vote................... 2 3

Payment of compensation or reward for

giving or withholding vote......... 2 3

Promise to influence voting.......... 2 3

Election officers (see "Boards of

Election" under "Elections").

Family court judges, outside

New York city........................ 6 13(a)

Governor, time of holding............ 4 1

Single vote for governor and

lieutenant-governor................ 4 1

Grade crossing elimination, state debt. 7 14

Ill or physically disabled voters,

Absentee registration by............. 2 5

Absentee voting by................... 2 2

Judges and Justices (see specific

courts and "Judges and Justices").

Law creating state debt................ 7 11

-- 3 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Legislature, time of holding........... 3 8

Lieutenant-governor, time of holding... 4 1

No election except at time of

electing governor.................. 4 6

Single vote for governor and

lieutenant-governor................ 4 1

Low rent housing, submission of laws

creating debt........................ 18 3

Member of legislature, qualifications,. 3 7

Time for holding..................... 3 8

Methods................................ 2 7

Military personnel and families,

Registration......................... 2 5

Voting............................... 2 1

New York city,

City-wide courts of civil

jurisdiction, judges................. 6 15(a)

County officers not provided by

constitution......................... 13 13(a)

Officers, elective, right to vote for all 2 1

Opening and conduct, private or local

bill prohibited........................ 3 17

Party positions, uncontested, primary

elections may be waived................ 1 1

Permanent personal registration, systems,

laws................................... 2 6

Persons entitled to vote, laws for

ascertainment.......................... 2 5

Persons excluded......................... 2 3

Physically disabled voters (see "Ill or

physically disabled voters" under

"elections")........................... 2 2

Places of voting, designation,

private or local bill prohibited....... 3 17

Political party positions, uncontested,

primary elections may be waived........ 1 1

Presidential, special procedures

for voting thereat, legislature

to adopt............................... 2 9

Primary elections, waiver by

general law authorized in certain

cases.................................. 1 1

Public corporations, approval of

grant of power......................... 10 5

Public office, primary elections to

nominate candidates for, waiver in

certain cases authorized............... 1 1

Qualifications of voters................. 2 1

Registration of voters,

Absentee............................... 2 5

-- 4 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Bi-partisan boards and

officers required.................... 2 8

Cities and villages of 5,000 or more,

personal application required,....... 2 5

Population, determination, latest

census controlling................. 2 5

Unnecessary at first meeting outside

cities and villages................ 2 5

Continuation of original registration,

legislative authority to provide..... 2 6

Identification by signature, when

required............................. 2 7

Ill or physically disabled voters...... 2 5

Laws regulating, legislature to enact.. 2 5

Military personnel and families........ 2 5

Permanent personal..................... 2 6

Time of completion..................... 2 5

Town and village elections, when

registration required................ 2 5

Veterans' bureau hospitals, inmates

and families......................... 2 5

Residence, gain or loss for voting

purposes............................... 2 4

Restrictions against voting.............. 2 3

Returns and canvass of absentee ballots,. 2 2

Legislature may provide................ 2 2

Right of participation guaranteed,

exception.............................. 1 1

School districts, submission of

proposition to increase tax limit...... 8 10

Secrecy of ballot guaranteed............. 2 7

Senators,

Day for holding........................ 3 8

New senate districts, choosing from.... 3 4

Sheriffs................................. 13 13(a)

State comptroller, time for holding...... 5 1

State debts.............................. 7 11

Supreme court justices, Judicial districts,

to be chosen by electors............... 6 6(c)

Vacancy in office, how and when filled... 6 21(a)

Surrogates,.............................. 6 12(b)

Town elections,

Bi-partisan requirement inapplicable... 2 8

Registration, when required............ 2 5

Town justices.......................... 6 17(d)

Vacancies in office, Generally......... 13 3

Governor and lieutenant-governor,

election to fill unexpired terms,

when held............................ 4 6

Village elections,

-- 5 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Bi-partisan requirement inapplicable... 2 8

Registration, when required.......... 2 5

Village justices......................... 6 17(d)

Voters,

Bribery, authority to exclude persons

convicted............................. 2 3

Citizens entitled to right of

suffrage, laws for ascertainment..... 2 5

Disqualifications (see

"Disqualifications for Voting"

under "Elections")................... 2 3

Identification, legislature to provide.. 2 7

Signature, when required, exceptions.... 2 7

Illiteracy of voter excusing signature

identification..................... 2 7

Infamous crimes, authority to exclude

persons convicted.................. 2 3

Persons excluded from

right of suffrage.................. 2 3

Physical disability excusing

signature identification........... 2 7

Qualifications,...................... 2 1

English language, ability to read

and write........................ 2 1

Residence for voting purposes not

affected, Certain occupations

and conditions................. 2 4

Educational institutions, students. 2 4

Navigable waters, service.......... 2 4

Public or charitable institutions,

confinement...................... 2 4

Public prisons, confinement........ 2 4

United States, employment.......... 2 4

Voting by absentee ballot.......... 2 1,2
ELECTIRC UTILITIES:

Operation and use by local government, fair

return on use of property, authority... 9 1(f)
ELEEMOSYNARY INSTITUTIONS:

Support, payments by local governments

authorized............................. 8 1

Visitation and inspection................ 17 2
EMINENT DOMAIN:

Compensation required.................... 1 7

Drainage of swamp or agricultural lands.. 1 7

Forest preserves, condemnation

prohibited............................. 14 1

Local governments, authorization......... 9 1(e)

Low rent housing,

Acquisition and use of excess

property............................. 18 8

-- 6 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Grant of powers to municipalities and

public corporations.................. 18 2

Private property,

Excess condemnation by cities

and counties for park and

street purposes........................ 1 7

Just compensation when taken for

public use,............................ 1 7

Private roads, opening................... 1 7

Reforestation and wild life

conservation, lands acquired........... 14 3
EMPLOYEES:

Collective bargaining, right............. 1 17

Death, compensation, laws................ 1 18

Injuries, compensation, laws............. 1 18

Compensable without regard to fault,

exceptions........................... 1 18

Lives, health or safety, power to ....... 1 18

enact laws............................. 9 2(c)

....................................... 13 14
EMPLOYEES--(Concluded)

Organization, right...................... 1 17

Representatives, right to choose......... 1 17

Workers' compensation, system, laws...... 1 18
EMPLOYERS:

Proper business charges, Moneys paid

employees under protective laws.......... 1 18

Workers' compensation, cost.............. 1 18
EMPLOYMENT:

Indebtedness to provide, guaranty

by state............................... 10 7

Loans by state to provide, authorize..... 7 8
ENACTING CLAUSE:

Bills.................................... 3 13
ENGLISH LANGUAGE:

Voters, ability to read and write,

qualification.......................... 2 1
EQUAL PROTECTION OF LAWS:

Guaranty................................. 1 11
EQUALIZATION OF ASSESSMENTS:

Legislature to provide................... 16 2

Ratio, determination for tax limit

purposes............................... 8 10
EQUITY:

Jurisdiction and proceedings, legislative

power to alter and regulate............ 6 30
ERIE CANAL (see also "Canals"):

Disposition, prohibition against,........ 15 1

Exceptions............................... 15 2
ERIE COUNTY:

-- 7 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Special county judge, office abolished,

judge to hold office as county judge

for remainder of term.................. 6 34(d)
ESSEX COUNTY:

South mountain, construction of ski

trails................................. 14 1

Whiteface mountain, construction of

ski trails............................. 14 1
ESTATES:

Administration, jurisdiction of

surrogate's court...................... 6 12(d)
ESTATE TAX (see also "Taxation and Taxes"):

Trust property, situs.................... 16 3
EVIDENCE OF INDEBTEDNESS (see "Certificates

of Indebtedness").
EXCHANGE OF PROPERTY (see "Canals,"

"Conservation").
EXCISE TAX:

Personal property not subject, income

excepted............................... 16 3
EXECUTIVE (see "Governor").
EXECUTIVE BUDGET (see "Budget").
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS:

Oath of office........................... 13 1
EXECUTIVE POWER (see also "Governor"):

Governor, vesting........................ 4 1
EXECUTIVE RESIDENCE (see "Governor"):
EXEMPTIONS FROM TAXATION:

Alteration permitted..................... 16 1

Grant,

General laws........................... 16 1

Private or local bill prohibited....... 3 17

Low rent housing projects................ 18 2

Religious, educational or charitable

purposes............................... 16 1

Repeal permitted......................... 16 1
EX PARTE ORDERS (see "Orders").
EXPENSES OF COURTS:

Cost of operating and maintaining........ 6 29(a)

Estimates of annual financial needs...... 6 29(b)

Political subdivisions, determination

of itemized estimates of annual

financial needs........................ 6 29(d)

State, determination of itemized

estimates of annual financial needs...... 6 29(c)

EXTRA COMPENSATION (see "Compensation,"

and specific Art. officers).
EXTRAORDINARY SESSIONS (see also
"Legislature," "Senate"):

Legislature, governor may convene........ 4 3

-- 8 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Senate, governor may convene............. 4 3

Subjects for consideration............... 4 3
EXTRAORDINARY TERMS:

Supreme court, governor may appoint...... 6 27

Justices, governor to designate........ 6 27

Time and place, governor to designate.. 6 27
FAMILY COURTS:

Actions and proceedings,

Transfer therefrom, to certain

courts............................... 6 19(e,h)

Transfer thereto, from certain

courts............................... 6 19(b,d,f)

Children's courts abolished, actions

and proceedings therein transferred.. 6 35(h)

Court of record...................... 6 1(b)

Court system of state, unified,

included therein................... 6 1(a)

Domestic relations court abolished,

actions and proceedings therein

transferred........................ 6 35(j)

Establishment........................ 6 13(a)

Expenses of court.................... 6 29(a-d)

Judges (see also "Judges

and Justices"),

Additional............................. 6 13(a)

Age limit.............................. 6 25(b)

Appointment by mayor,

New York city........................ 6 13(a)

Armed forces, eligibility

to serve........................... 6 20(b)(1)

Assignments, temporary,

From certain courts................ 6 26(c,e,g)

To certain courts.................. 6 26(f)

Broome county, special county

judge, transferred thereto....... 6 35(g)

Chautauqua county, special

county judge, transferred

thereto.......................... 6 35(g)

Children's courts, abolished,

judges to be judges of family

court for remainder of terms..... 6 35(g)

Combination with certain other

judicial offices authorized...... 6 14

Compensation....................... 6 25(a)

Constitutional convention,

eligibility to serve............. 6 20(b)(1)

Domestic relations court,

abolished, judges to be judges

of family court for remainder

of terms......................... 6 35(i)

-- 9 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Duties............................. 6 26(f)

Election, outside New York

city............................. 6 13(a)

Eligibility........................ 6 20(a)

Jefferson county, special county

judge, transferred thereto....... 6 35(g)

Military service, permitted........ 6 20(b)(1)

New York city, mayor to

appoint.......................... 6 13(a)

Number............................. 6 13(a)

Oneida county, special county

judge, transferred thereto....... 6 35(g)

Political organization, pro-

hibitionagainst holding

office therein................... 6 20(b)(3)

Public office, prohibition

against holding.................. 6 20(b)(1)

Qualifications..................... 6 20(a)

Removal for cause,

Court on judiciary............... 6 22(a)

Senate........................... 6 23(b)

Residence.......................... 6 13(a)

Restrictions....................... 6 20(b)(1-4)

Retirement.

Age.............................. 6 25(b)

Disability....................... 6 22(a)

Rockland county, special county

judge transferred thereto........ 6 35(g)

Term............................... 6 13(a)

Vacancies.......................... 6 21(a,c)

Jurisdiction and powers.......... 6 13(b,c)

Mandates, service and execution.. 6 1(c)

Processes, service and execution. 6 1(c)

State-wide court................. 6 1(a)

Warrants, service and execution.. 6 1(c)
FAMILY HOMES:

Municipalities, authorization of

indebtedness for maintenance........... 8 1
FEDERAL AID:

Low rent housing, acceptance of aid

authorized............................. 18 2
FEDERAL CENSUS:

Cities, population for debt and tax

limit purposes......................... 8 4,10,11

Cities and villages, population for

registration purposes.................. 2 5

Members of Assembly, controlling for

apportionment, exceptions.............. 3 4

Senate and Assembly districts,

controlling upon readjustment or

-- 10 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

alteration, exceptions................. 3 4

Superseded by state enumeration, cases

when................................... 3 4
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT:

Agreements with local governments,

certain, authorization................. 9 1(c)

Barge canal,

Lease or transfer thereto, authorized.... 15 4

Annual appropriations by state for

operation, authorized................ 15 4
FEES (see also "Compensation"):

Public officers, creation, increase or

decrease during term by private or

local bill prohibited.................. 3 17

State officers not to receive for own

use.................................... 13 7
FINANCES (see "Municipalities," "State").
FINES:

Prohibition against imposition of

excessive.............................. 1 5
FIREFIGHTERS, RETIRED:

Pensions, right of municipalities to

increase............................... 8 1
FIRMS (see "Associations").
FISCAL OFFICER:

Municipality, setting apart money for

payment of indebtedness................ 8 2

New York city, determination of

indebtedness for limitation of tax on

real property.......................... 8 11

School district, payment of indebtedness. 8 2
FIVE-SIXTHS JURY:

Verdict in civil causes, authorization... 1 2
FOREST CONSERVATION:

Appropriations authorized................ 14 3

State policy........................... 14 3
FOREST FIRES:

State, power to contract debts to

suppress............................... 7 10
FOREST LANDS:

Reservoirs, construction and

maintenance use authorized, expenses... 14 2
FOREST PRESERVE:

Exchange of certain lands therein,

authorized............................. 14 1

Federal aid interstate highway,

construction authorized................ 14 1

Forest conservation, acquisition of land. 14 3

Highways, construction and relocation

by state permitted..................... 14 1

-- 11 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Prohibition against lease, sale or

other disposition...................... 14 1

Inapplicable to certain counties....... 14 3

Recreational or other use permitted...... 14 3

Removal or destruction of timber

prohibited............................. 14 1

Ski trails, construction by state

permitted.............................. 14 1

Timber, sale, removal, etc. prohibited... 14 1

Wildlife conservation, acquisition

of land................................ 14 3
FORFEITURES:

Public office,

Refusal to testify before grand jury... 1 6

Suits by attorney-general.............. 1 6
FRANCHISE:

Right guaranteed, exception.............. 1 1
FRANCHISES:

Exclusive grant by private or local

bill prohibited........................ 3 17

Housing corporations, power of eminent

domain................................. 18 2
FRANKLIN COUNTY:

Village of Saranac Lake exchange of

certain forest preserve lands,

authorized............................ 14 1
FREE COMMON SCHOOLS (see "Education,"

"Schools").
FULTON COUNTY:

Assembly member, election, Hamilton

county to join......................... 3 5
GAMBLING:

Laws to prevent, legislature to enact.. . 1 9

Prohibition against any form except

certain lotteries, pari-mutuel horse

race betting and bingo or lotto........ 1 9

Voting disqualification, wagering on

election............................... 2 3
GAS UTILITIES:

Operation and use by local government,

fair return on value of property,

authorized............................. 9 1(f)
GENERAL FUND:

Appropriations for low rent housing...... 18 2

Comptroller to set apart funds for

payment of indebtedness................ 7 16

Housing, contracts for subsidies

payable from........................... 18 3

Sinking funds, application of excess

-- 12 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

income to.............................. 7 15
GENERAL LAWS:

Definition, local government article..... 9 3(c)

Drainage of swamp or agricultural lands,

to be provided......................... 1 7

Enumeration of subjects to be provided... 3 17
GENERAL SESSIONS:

New York county,

Abolished.............................. 6 35(a)

Actions and proceedings, transferred

to supreme court..................... 6 35(b)

Appeals, where taken................... 6 35(m)

Documents, disposal thereof............ 6 35(a)

Judges, to be justices of supreme

court for remainder of term.......... 6 35(b)

Papers, disposal thereof............... 6 35(a)

Personnel, non-judicial, assigned to

certain courts....................... 6 35(l)

Records, disposal thereof.............. 6 35(a)

Seal, disposal thereof................. 6 35(a)
GIFTS:

Cities, money or credit for private

purposes prohibited, exceptions........ 8 1

Counties, money or credit for private

purposes prohibited, exceptions........ 8 1

Low rent housing, acquisition of

property by gift....................... 18 9

Municipalities, money or credit for

private purposes prohibited,

exceptions............................. 8 1

School district, money or credit for

private purposes prohibited............ 8 1

State, money or credit for private

purposes prohibited, exceptions........ 7 8

Towns, money or credit for private

purposes prohibited, exceptions........ 8 1

Villages, money or credit for private

purposes prohibited.................... 8 1
GORE MOUNTAIN:

Ski trails authorized.................... 14 1
GOVERNMENT:

Continuity thereof, state and local,

during certain emergencies,

legislature to provide................. 3 25
GOVERNOR (see also "Governor-Elect"):

Absence from state, lieutenant-governor

to act................................. 4 5

Advice and consent of Senate, when

required for appointment,

Department heads, certain................ 5 4

-- 13 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Judges and justices, certain............. 6 2(c),9,21(a)

Adjutant-general, appointment.......... 12 1

Bills,

Action after passage................... 4 7

Appropriation bills,

Approval, when required,

Budget bills........................... 7 4,6

Generally.............................. (4 7

..................................... (7 6

Approval and objection to specific

items................................ 4 7

Certification of necessity of

immediate passage of new bills...... 7 5

Consideration of bill submitted by

governor, priority over new bills.. 7 5

Disapproved items ineffective,....... 4 7

Statement to be sent to house

of origin........................ 4 7

Reconsideration and passage over

veto of items disapproved.......... 4 7

Approval before becoming law........... 4 7

Certification of necessity for

immediate vote....................... 3 14

Failure to return bill within time

allowed, effect...................... 4 7

Presentation and approval before

becoming law......................... 4 7

Time for approval...................... 4 7

Veto,

Passage over....................... 4 7

Return to house of origin with

objections....................... 4 7

Budget,

Amendment or supplement with consent

of legislature....................... 7 3

Appearances and hearing before

legislature or committee............. 7 3

Bills embodying proposed legislation

and appropriations to be submitted... 7 3

Action by legislature................ 7 4

Legislative provisions limited to

particular appropriations........ 7 6

Passage by legislature, approval by

governor not required, exception. 7 4,6

Hearings......................... 7 1

Legislature and judiciary, estimates

of needs, transmission for

inclusion........................ 7 1

State departments, estimates and

information to be furnished...... 7 1

-- 14 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Submission to legislature with

explanations and recommendations. 7 2

Certificate of necessity for passage of

certain laws,

Appropriation bills, consideration

before budget bills.................. 7 5

Cities, special laws affecting......... 9 2(b)

County, special laws affecting......... 9 2(b)

New York city, certain county offices

within, subject to action by city... 13 13

Towns, special laws affecting.......... 9 2(b)

Villages, special laws affecting....... 9 2(b)

Waiver of three day rule............... 3 14

Commander-in-chief, state military and

naval forces,.......................... 4 3

Commutation of sentence,

Communication of case to

legislature.......................... 4 4

Power to grant....................... 4 4

Compensation........................... 4 3

Counties, special laws affecting......... 9 2(b)

County clerks, power to remove........... 13 13(a)

County judges, vacancies, power to

appoint, with advice and consent of

Senate................................. 6 21(a)

County registers, power to remove........ 13 13(a)

Court of appeals,

Appointments to fill vacancies,

duration............................. 6 2(c)

Associate judges, designation of

supreme court justices............... 6 2(c)

Chief judge and associate judges,

vacancy in office, appointment....... 6 2(c)

Vacancies, power to fill............. 6 2(c)

Court of claims, appointment of

judges............................... 6 23,9

Court on the judiciary, convening...... 6 22(d)

Death, lieutenant-governor to serve.... 4 5

District attorneys, removal of,

Bribery, failure to prosecute........ 13 13(b)

Generally............................ 13 13(b)

New York city........................ 13 13(b)

Election,

Jointly, with lieutenant-governor.... 4 1

Single vote, applicable to both

governor and lieutenant-governor... 4 1

Time................................. 4 1

Eligibility............................ 4 2

Execution of laws...................... 4 3

Executive power vested................. 4 1

-- 15 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Executive residence to be provided..... 4 3

Extraordinary term, supreme court,

power to appoint..................... 6 27

Family court judges, vacancies in

office, power to fill................ 6 21(a)

General provisions relating to......... 4 1-7

Heads of departments,

Appointment and removal.............. 5 4

Manner of removal to be prescribed

by law............................. 5 4

Impeachment,

Court for trial, composition......... 6 24

Lieutenant-governor to act........... 4 5

Inability to discharge powers and

duties, lieutenant-governor to act... 4 5

Judiciary, appropriations, subject to

approval............................. 7 4

Legislators ineligible for certain

civil appointments................... 3 7

Legislature,

Additions to budget.................. 7 4

Appropriations subject to approval... 7 4,6

Communication by message and

recommendations.................... 4 3

Expedition of measures resolved...... 4 3

Extraordinary sessions, power to

convene............................ 4 3

Lieutenant-governor, when to

serve as........................... 4 5

Local governments, special laws

affecting.......................... 9 2(b)

Members of boards and commissions,

Appointment and removal.............. 5 4

Manner of removal to be prescribed

by law............................... 5 4

Message to legislature, passage of

bills,

Appropriation bills.................. 7 5

Certificate of necessity............. 3 14

Military and naval forces of state,

commander-in-chief,.................. 4 3

New York city, certain county offices,

message required for laws affecting.. 13 13(c)

Notification of removal charges before

court on the judiciary............... 6 22(e)

Pardon,

Communication of case to legislature... 4 4

Power to grant......................... 4 4

Powers and duties,

Commander-in-chief of forces of

-- 16 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

state.............................. 4 3

Communication to legislature of

reprieves, commutations and

pardons............................ 4

Laws, duty to execute................ 4 3

Legislature, convening in

extraordinary session.............. 4 3

Measures resolved upon by legislature,

duty to expedite................... 4 3

Message to legislature on condition

of state........................... 4 3

Recommendations to legislature....... 4 3

Reprieves, commutations and pardons,

power to grant, exceptions......... 4 4

Senate, convening in extraordinary

session............................ 4 3

Treason, power to suspend execution

of sentence........................ 4 4

Qualifications for office,

Age.................................... 4 2

Citizenship............................ 4 2

Residence in state..................... 4 2

Removal from office, lieutenant-governor

to act............................... 4 5

Removal of judicial officers generally,

recommendation....................... 6 23(a,b)

Reprieve,

Communication of case to legislature... 4 4

Power to grant......................... 4 4

Residence to be provided............... 4 3

Resignation, lieutenant-governor

to act............................... 4 5

Salary................................. 4 3

Sheriffs, power to remove................ 13 13(a)

Speaker of Assembly, when to act......... 4 6

State department heads, appointment

and removal.............................. 5 4

Succession to office..................... 4 6

Supreme court, extraordinary term, power

to appoint............................. 6 27

Supreme court, appellate division,

Additional justices, designation....... 6 4(e)

Justices, designation.................. 6 4(c)

Justices, new designations............. 6 4(d)

Presiding justice, designation......... 6 4(c)

Temporary designation of justices...... 6 4(d)

Supreme court justice, vacancy in office. 6 21(a)

Surrogate's court judges, vacancies in

office................................. 6 21(a)

Temporary president of senate, when

-- 17 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

to act................................. 4 6

Term of office........................... 4 1

Treason, suspension of execution of

sentence............................... 4 4

Vacancies in office,

Court of appeals, appointment to fill,. 6 2(c)

Associate judges, supreme court

justices designated as............. 6 2(c)

Not to create vacancy in office of

supreme court justice.............. 6 2(c)

Governor, lieutenant-governor to act,.. 4 5

When to be filled.................... 4 6

Judicial officers, certain, power

to fill.............................. 6 21(a,b)

Supreme court justices,

Appointment to fill.................. 6 21(a)

Court of appeals, designated for

service............................ 6 2(c)

Temporary president of senate or

speaker of assembly, when to act... 4 6

Villages, passage of special laws

affecting.............................. 9 2(b)

Votes, highest number to determine

election............................... 4 1
GOVERNOR-ELECT:

Death before assuming office,

lieutenant-governor-elect to serve as

governor............................... 4 5
GRADE CROSSINGS (see also "Railroads"):

Bond issue, authorization................ 7 14

Reimbursement of state by railroad....... 7 14

State debt, authorization................ 7 14

State highways and parkways,

appropriations......................... 7 14
GRAND JURORS (see "Jurors").
GRAND JURY:

Capital or infamous crimes,

indictment required, exceptions........ 1 6

County clerks in city of New York,

powers and duties...................... 13 13(a)

Drawing and empaneling, powers of

county clerks in New York city......... 13 13(a)

Public Officers,

Misconduct subject of inquiry,......... 1 6

Power not to be suspended or impaired.. 1 6

Power to find indictments.............. 1 6

Testimony concerning official duties,

effect or refusal to give............ 1 6

Waiver of immunity, effect of refusal

to sign.............................. 1 6

-- 18 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Selection,

Drawing, etc. by private or local bill

prohibited........................... 3 17

New York city, powers of county clerks. 13 13(a)
GUARANTY (see also "Rights and
Privileges"):

Low rent housing, corporation indebted-

ness, computation of liability,.......... 18 7

Interest on indebtedness of public

corporation.......................... 18 2
GUARDIANS:

Family court, jurisdiction............... 6 13(b)(7)

Delinquent, etc., children, religious

persuasion to control guardianship..... 6 32

HABEAS CORPUS:

Proceedings for the determination of the

custody of minors, jurisdiction of

family court, in certain cases......... 6 13(c)

Suspension prohibited, exceptions........ 1 4
HAMILTON COUNTY:

Abolition, power of legislature to

provide................................ 3 5

Annexation of territory, legislature may

provide................................ 3 5

Assembly members, election, to join with

Fulton county.......................... 3 5

Town of Arietta, exchange of certain

forest preserve lands, authorized.... 14 1
HEALTH AND SAFETY:

Children, power of legislature to

provide................................ 7 8

Employees, legislative power to enact

laws. 1 18

....................................... 13 14

Local governments, power to adopt and

amend local laws....................... 9 2(c)

Municipalities, authorization of

indebtedness for health service for

children............................... 8 1

Protection and promotion, matters of

public concern......................... 17 3
HEALTH, DEPARTMENT OF:

Head of department, appointment and

removal................................ 5 4
HIGHWAYS (see also "Private Roads"):

Condemnation, excess taking by cities

and counties........................... 1 7

Federal aid interstate highway,

construction in forest preserve

authorized............................. 14 1

-- 19 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Forest preserves, construction and

relocation by state permitted.......... 14 1

Grade crossing elimination bonds, use

of proceeds............................ 7 14

Laying out, etc. or discontinuing by

private or local bill prohibited....... 3 17

Private roads, opening, determination

by jury................................ 1 7
HOME RULE:

Local governments, general provisions

relating to............................ 9 1-3
HOMES FOR DEPENDENT CHILDREN:

Municipalities, authorization of

indebtedness for education and

maintenance............................ 8 1
HORSE RACES:

Pari-mutuel betting, authorization....... 1 9
HOURS OF LABOR:

Civil division of state, legislature

may regulate........................... 13 14

Local governments, adoption and

amendment of local laws................ 9 2(c)

Public works, limitation................. 1 17
HOUSES:

Searches and seizures, prohibition

against unreasonable................... 1 12
HOUSING:

Acquisition and use of excess property... 18 8

Acquisition of property, manner.......... 18 9

Bonds, repayment of state debts

contracted in anticipation thereof..... 7 9

Conditions to loans by state............. 18 6

Constitution, construction of

article................................ 18 10

Contracts,

State subsidies, legislature may

provide.............................. 18 2

Submission of law authorizing payment

of subsidies......................... 18 3

Subsidies to public corporation

authorized........................... 18 2

Cooperation with United States

authorized............................. 18 2

Debts,

Amount, local debt..................... 18 4

Annual charges for repayment........... 18 3

Assessed valuation, amount based on.... 18 4

Cities,

Exclusions in determining debt

limitation......................... 18 4,5

-- 20 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Pledge of faith and credit........... 18 4

Contracts, authorization............... 18 2

Determination of exclusions by

supreme court........................ 18 4

Exclusions, conditions................. 18 4

Limitations, legislative power......... 18 3,4

Referendum when required............... 18 3

State debt,

Loans, for housing..................... 18 3

Payment, optional method............... 18 3

Temporary financing, repayment......... 7 9

Time limit for repayment of temporary

debts in

anticipation of bond sale............ 7 9

Submission to people of laws

authorizing, when not required....... 18 3

Terms of repayment..................... 18 3

Towns,

Exclusions in determining debt limita-

tion................................. 18 4,5

Pledge of faith and credit............. 18 4

Villages of 5,000 or more,

Exclusions in determining debt limita-

tion................................. 18 4,5

Pledge of faith and credit............. 18 4

Election,

Indebtedness for housing purposes.... 18 3

Subsidies, contracts for, submission

of laws authorizing................ 18 3

Eminent domain,

Acquisition of property.............. 18 9

Excess taking of property, use....... 18 8

Power, grant to city, etc. author-

ized............................... 18 2

Enabling legislation................... 18 10

Excess property, improvement, use and

disposition.......................... 18 8

Federal aid, acceptance authorized..... 18 2

Franchise, legislative power over corpor-

ations regulated as to disposition... 18 2

General provisions..................... 18 1-10

Gift, acquisition of property.......... 18 9

Guaranty of interest on indebtedness

of public corporation................ 18 2

Indebtedness (see "Debts" under

"Housing").

Installments of debt, payment.......... 18 3

Interest, state loans to public

corporation, liability of munici-

palities............................. 18 5

-- 21 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Lease of excess property............... 18 8

Limitation on contracts for payment of

periodic subsidies................... 18 3

Limited dividend corporations,

legislative power over............... 18 2

Loans by state,

Municipalities....................... 18 2

Public corporation, liability of

municipality........................ 18 5

Low rent housing, legislature may

provide.............................. 18 1

Manner of acquisition of property...... 18 9

Multiple dwellings, loans to owners

for rehabilitation................... 18 2

Occupancy restricted to persons of low

income............................... 18 6

Plans, state loan, conditions.......... 18 6

Pledge of faith and credit by city or

village of 5,000 or more for payment

of indebtedness...................... 18 4

Preference in occupancy of projects.... 18 6

Private business or enterprise, state

or local governments, construction of

article.............................. 18 10

Public corporation,

Acquisition and use of excess

property........................... 18 8

Acquisition of property.............. 18 9

Debt, guaranty, liability,

computation........................ 18 7

Definition........................... 18 2

Municipality, liability for repayment

to state........................... 18 5

Subsidy to avoid default on state

loan prohibited.................. 18 5

Recreational facilities, legislature

may provide........................ 18 1

Referendum, law authorizing contracts

for payment of subsidies........... 18 3

Re-planning, legislature may

provide............................ 18 1

Sale,

Excess property acquired........... 18 8

Property acquired by purchase...... 18 9

Slum clearance, legislature may

provide............................ 18 1

State,

Debt,

Loans for housing.................. 18 3

Payment, optional method............. 18 3

-- 22 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Loans, conditions.................. 18 6

Private business or enterprise,

article not construed to authorize. 18 10

Subsidies,

Additional, to remedy or avoid

default prohibited................. 18 5

Additional conditions, legislature

may provide........................ 18 6

Conditions........................... 18 6

Debt, amounts included in ascer-

taining............................ 18 3

Default on loans..................... 18 5

Maximum payments..................... 18 3

Municipalities,

Authorization by legislature....... 18 2

Determination of power to contract

indebtedness..................... 18 4

Liability, ascertainment........... 18 4

Period............................. 18 4

Projects for which granted......... 18 6

Public corporations, authoriza-

tion............................. 18 2

Submission of law authorizing

contracts........................ 18 3

Termination of payments............ 18 3

Supreme court, jurisdiction to

determine indebtedness of

municipality......................... 18 4

Taxes,

Contracts by municipalities

exceeding limit of indebtedness.... 18 4

Exemption, authorization............. 18 2

United States, aid and cooperation,

authorization........................ 18 2
HUSBAND AND WIFE:

Crimes and offenses between,

jurisdiction of family court........... 6 13(b)(7)

Divorce prohibited except by judicial

proceedings............................ 1 9

Support, jurisdiction of family

court, certain cases................... 6 13(c)
IDENTIFICATION OF VOTERS (see

"Elections").
ILLITERACY:

Identification of voter, signature not

required............................... 2 7

Voting disqualification.................. 2 1
IMMUNITIES (see also "Rights and

Privileges"):

Exclusive grant to persons, etc. by

-- 23 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

private or local bill prohibited....... 3 17
IMMUNITY FROM PROSECUTION:

Court on the judiciary, authority to

grant.................................. 6 22(f)

Public officer, penalty for failure to

sign waiver............................ 1 6
IMPEACHMENT:

Assembly to have power................... 6 10,24

Court for trial,

Assembly members, additional allowance

for service as managers................ 3 6

Compensation for service as member or

manager. 3 6

Composition.............................. 6 24

Concurrence necessary for conviction..... 6 24

Governor, trial against, neither

lieutenant-governor nor temporary

president to serve..................... 6 24

Judgment upon conviction, extent......... 6 24

Lieutenant-governor, trial against,

persons excluded from membership....... 6 24

Oath of members.......................... 6 24

Senators, additional allowance for

service as members..................... 3 6

Criminal liability, persons impeached.. 6 24

Governor, lieutenant-governor to act... 4 5

Governor's power to pardon, etc.,

inapplicable......................... 4 4

Indictment by grand jury unnecessary... 1 6

Judicial officers, suspension until

acquittal............................ 6 24

Liability to indictment and punishment

unaffected........................... 6 24

Lieutenant-governor as acting

governor............................. 4 5

Majority vote of Assembly required..... 6 24

Removal and disqualification for public

office on conviction................. 6 24

Reprieves, commutations and pardons not

applicable........................... 4 4

Temporary president of senate as acting

governor............................. 4 6
IMPROVEMENT DISTRICTS:

Counties, creation, conditions........... 8 3

Towns, creation, conditions.............. 8 3
IMPROVEMENTS (see also "Municipalities"):

Buffalo, additional debts excluded in

computing limitation................... 8 6

Canals, legislature to provide........... 15 3

Forest lands, construction of reservoirs. 14 2

-- 24 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Grade crossing elimination,

authorization for state debt........... 7 14

Low rent housing, loans by municipal-

ities.................................. 18 2

Municipalities,

Exclusions in computing debt

limitation........................... 8 5-7a

Exclusions in computing tax limita-

tion................................. 8 11

Revenues, application and use........ 8 5,10-a

New York city, exclusion of additional

indebtedness in computing limitation... 8 7-7a

Nursing homes, loans by municipalities... 18 2

Rochester, additional debts excluded in

computing limitation................... 8 6

State debts, authorization............... 7 14

Syracuse, additional debts excluded in

computing limitation................... 8 6
INCOME:

Intangible personalty, consideration in

computing excise tax................... 16 3

State sinking funds, application of

excess income.......................... 7 15
INCORPORATORS:

Dues, security........................... 10 2
INDEBTEDNESS:

Cities (see "Cities").

Counties (see "Counties").

Education (see "Education").

Low rent housing corporations (see

"Housing").

Municipalities (see "Municipalities").

Nursing homes (see "Nursing Homes").

Public corporations (see "Public

Corporations").

Public housing corporations (see "Housing").

School districts (see "School

Districts").

Sewage facilities (see "Municipalities").

Slum clearance (see "Housing").

State (see "State").

Towns (see "Towns").

Village (see "Villages").
INDIAN COURTS:

Continued................................ 6 31

Judiciary article inapplicable........... 6 31

INDIAN LANDS (see "Lands").
INDICTMENT:

Capital offenses, requirement............ 1 6

Impeachment, liability unaffected........ 6 24

-- 25 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Infamous crime, requirement.............. 1 6

Libel (see "Libel").

Prosecution, when required............. 1 6

Public officers, misconduct, power of

grand jury........................... 1 6

Unaffected by action of court on the

judiciary............................ 6 22(c)
INDIVIDUALS (see "Persons").
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS:

Rehabilitation,

Indebtedness, guaranty by state.......... 10 7

Loans by state, authorized............... 7 8
INFAMOUS CRIME (see "Crimes").
INFANTS (see "Children").
INFORMATION:

Public officers, power of grand jury to

direct filing for misconduct........... 1 6
INJUNCTION:

Conservation, violation of

constitutional provisions.............. 14 4

State comptroller, payment and refund of

state moneys without audit............. 5 1
INSANE PERSONS:

Care and treatment, legislature to

provide................................ 17 4
INSPECTION:

Criminal institutions, state

commission of correction............... 17 5

Institutions generally................... 17 2

Legislature, power to provide............ 17 6

Mental institutions, head of

department of mental hygiene........... 17 4
INSTITUTIONS (see also "Public

Institutions"):

Children committed, consideration of

religious persuasion................... 6 32

Criminal................................. 17 5

Local, or higher education, state aid.... 7 19

Mental................................... 17 4

Social welfare (see "Social Welfare")

Visitation and inspection................ 17 2-6
INSURANCE:

Unemployment insurance, power of

legislature to provide................. 7 8

Workers' compensation, power to enact

laws................................... 1 18
INSURANCE, DEPARTMENT OF:

Head of department, appointment and

removal................................ 5 4
INSURRECTION:

-- 26 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Power to contract debts to suppress...... 7 10
INTANGIBLES:

Taxation, situs for purposes............. 16 3
INTERCEPTION:

Telephone and telegraph

communications, freedom against unrea-

sonable................................ 1 12
INTEREST:

Grade crossing elimination,

reimbursement of state by railroad..... 7 14

Municipalities, appropriations for

payment................................ 8 2

Notes for state's indebtedness........... 7 9

Public corporation, guaranty by

municipality........................... 18 2

Rate not to be regulated by private or

local bill............................. 3 17

State debts,

Contracted in anticipation of bond

issue................................ 7 9

Setting apart funds for payment........ 7 16
INTERLOCUTORY JUDGMENTS:

Affirmance, reversal or modification

by appellate courts.................... 6 5(a)
INTERMEDIATE ORDERS:

Affirmance, reversal or

modification by appellate courts....... 6 5(a)
INTOXICATION:

Injuries to employees non- compensable... 1 18
INVASION:

Habeas corpus, suspension of writ or

order................................... 1 4

Power to contract debts to repeal........ 7 10
INVESTMENT:

State sinking funds...................... 7 15
JAILS (see "Correctional Institutions,"

"Prisons," "Reformatories").
JEFFERSON COUNTY:

Special county judge, office abolished,

judge to be judge of family court for

remainder of term...................... 6 35(g)
JEOPARDY:

Freedom from double jeopardy for same

offense................................ 1 6
JOINT STOCK COMPANIES (See "Corporations").
JOURNALS OF LEGISLATURE (See also

"Assembly," "Senate", "Legislature"):

Ayes and nays on final passage of bills,

entry.................................. 3 14,23

Governor's objections to bills to be

-- 27 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

entered................................ 4 7

Keeping and publication by each house.... 3 10

Reconsideration of bills, entry of

names of members voting................ 4 7

Removal of judges and justices,

Charges to be entered.................. 6 23(c)

Yeas and nays to be entered............ 6 23(c)

Three-fifths quorum, requirement for

certain bills, entry of ayes and nays

on passage............................. 3 23
JUDGES AND JUSTICES (see also specific

courts):

Administrative board, judicial

conference, certain judges to be

members thereof........................ 6 28

Age limit, certain, exceptions........... 6 25(b)

Appellate division, power to remove

certain judges......................... 6 22(i)

Arbitrator, prohibition against acting

as..................................... 6 20(b)(4)

Armed forces, service permitted.......... 6 20(b)(1)

Assignments, temporary................... 6 22(a-k)

Attorney and counselor, admission as,

for eligibility to courts of record.... 6 20(a)

Compensation, certain judges............. 6 25(a)

Constitutional convention, eligibility

for service............................ 6 20(b)(1)

Courts, certain, abolished, judges to

be judges of certain other courts...... 6 35(b,c,d,g,i)

Education, certain judges and justices

not admitted to practice law........... 6 20(c)

Eligibility, certain judges.............. 6 20(a)

Law, prohibition against practice........ 6 20(b)(4)

Legislature, to provide qualifications

and restrictions in case of certain

judges................................. 6 20(c)

Liability to indictment and punishment

unaffected by actions of the court on

the judiciary.......................... 6 22(c)

Mediator, prohibition against acting as.. 6 20(b)(4)

Military service, permitted.............. 6 20(b)(1)

Political organization, prohibition

against holding office therein......... 6 20(b)(3)

Prohibitions............................. 6 20(b)(1-4)

Public office, prohibition against

holding................................ 6 20(b)(1)
Qualifications, certain judges............. 6 20(a)
Referee, prohibition against acting as..... 6 20(b)(4)

Removal for cause,

Appellate division..................... 6 22(i)

-- 28 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

Court on judiciary..................... 6 22(a)

Legislature............................ 6 23(a)

Senate................................. 6 23(b)

Restrictions........................... 6 20(b)(1-4)

Retirement for age..................... 6 25(b)

Retirement for disability.............. 6 22(a,i)

Vacancies,

Appellate division..................... 6 4(d)

Court of appeals..................... 6 2(c)

Other courts......................... 6 21(a-d)
JUDGEMENT:

Death sentence, direct appeal to court

of appeals,............................ 6 3(b)

Review by court of appeals, scope...... 6 3(a)

Impeachment, removal from and disqualifi-

cation to hold public office........... 6 24
JUDGMENT OF PEERS:

Prohibition against disfranchisement or

deprivation of rights except by........ 1 1
JUDICIAL CONFERENCE:

Administrative board,

Composition.............................. 6 28

Functions................................ 6 28

Standards and policies for courts,

power to establish..................... 6 28

Supervision of courts.................... 6 28
JUDICIAL DEPARTMENTS:

Alteration of boundaries, number not to

be increased........................... 6 4(a)

Boundaries, lines of judicial districts

to constitute.......................... 6 4(a)

Divisions of state....................... 6 4(a)
JUDICIAL DISTRICTS:

Alteration............................... 6 6(b)

Boundaries, county lines to constitute... 6 6(b)

Composition.............................. 6 6(a)

Number, increase or decrease, power of

legislature............................ 6 6(b)
JUDICIAL OFFICERS (see also "Judges and

Justices"):

Age limit................................ 6 25(b)

Attorney and counsellor, qualification

for service in courts of record........ 6 20(a)

Compensation, establishment by law,...... 6 25(a)

Not to be diminished during term....... 6 25(a)

Disqualification for other public office. 6 20(b)(1)

Impeachment (see also "Impeachment"),

Prohibition against exercise of

duties until acquittal.............. 6 24

Liability to indictment and punishment

-- 29 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

unaffected by action of court on

judiciary............................ 6 22(c)

Oath of office......................... 13 1

Removal from office for cause,

By court on the judiciary............ 6 22(a)

By senate on recommendation of

governor........................... 6 23(b)

Retirement for disability............ 6 22(a,i)
JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS:

Abolished courts, transferred to

certain other courts.................... 6 35(b,e,f,h,i)

Action for wrongful death,

Damages recoverable, amount not

subject to statutory limitation......... 1 16

Existing, not to be abrogated............. 1 16

Divorce prohibited except by............ 1 9

Pending, on effective date of judiciary

article, Continuation and transfer.... 6 36

Hearing and determination................. 6 34(a)

Preferred causes, cases involving

apportionments.......................... 3 5

Transfer, from certain courts to certain

other courts............................ 6 19(a-i)
JUDICIARY:

Appropriations subject to governor's

approval............................... 7 4

Budget, estimates of needs, transmission

to governor............................ 7 1

Court on the judiciary................... 6 22(a-h)

General provisions relating to........... 6 1-37
JUDICIARY ARTICLE:

Actions and proceedings, pending on

effective date, disposal............... 6 34(a),36

Appeals, pending on effective date,

disposal............................... 6 34(a)

....................................... 35(m,n),36

Effective date................ .......... 6 37
JUDICIARY, COURT ON (see "Court on the

Judiciary").
JURISDICTION (see also specific courts):

Law and equity, legislative power to

alter and regulate..................... 6 30
JURORS:

Grand jurors,

Powers of certain county clerks........ 13 13(a)

Selection or empaneling by private or

local bill prohibited.............. 3 1

Petit jurors,

Powers of certain county clerks........ 13 13(a)

Selection or empaneling by private

-- 30 --

INDEX

Art. Sec.

or local bill prohibited........... 3 17
JURY:

Condemnation of property, compensation

to be fixed by......................... 1 7

County clerks in New York city, powers

and duties............................. 13 13(a)

Drawing (see "jurors").

Empaneling (see "Jurors").

Five-sixths verdict in civil cases....... 1 2

Guaranty of trial by..................... 1 2

Libel, criminal prosecutions, triers of

law and fact........................... 1 8

Private roads, necessity for opening

and amount of damage, determination.... 1 7

Selection (see "Jurors").

Trial by jury to remain inviolate........ 1 2

Trial without jury, offenses of grade

of misdemeanor, authorization.......... 6 18(a)

Verdict in civil cases by five-sixths

vote................................... 1 2

Waiver of jury trial, legislative

power to enact laws.................... 1 2

Workers' compensation, determination

of issues with or without.............. 1 18
JURY TRIAL (see "Jury").
JUST COMPENSATION:

Condemnation of property for public use.. 1 7
JUSTICES OF THE PEACE (see also "Justices

of the Peace" under "Legislature").

Legislative functions on town boards,

power of legislature to abolish........ 6 17(c)
JUVENILE DELINQUENTS(see "Children").
KINGS COUNTY:

County court,

Abolished.............................. 6 35(a)

Actions and proceedings, transferred to

supreme court........................ 6 35(b)

Appeals, where taken................... 6 35(m)

Documents, disposal thereof............ 6 35(a)

Judges, to be justices of supreme court

for remainder of term................ 6 6(d), 35(b)

Papers, disposal thereof............... 6 35(a)

Personnel, non-judicial, assigned to

certain courts....................... 6 35(l)

Records, disposal thereof.............. 6 35(a)

Seal, disposal thereof................. 6 35(a)

-- 31 --