Legislation
SECTION 9
Judicial review
Emergency Housing Rent Control Law 274/46 337/61 (ERL) CHAPTER ROOT
§ 9. Judicial review. 1. Any person who is aggrieved by the final
determination of a protest may, in accordance with article seventy-eight
of the civil practice law and rules, within sixty days after such
determination, commence a proceeding in the supreme court praying that
the regulation or order protested be enjoined or set aside in whole or
in part. Such proceeding may at the option of the petitioner be
instituted in the county where the commission has its principal office
or where the property is located. The answer shall include a statement
setting forth, so far as practicable, the economic data and other facts
of which the commission has taken official notice. Upon the filing of
such petition the court shall have jurisdiction to set aside such
regulation or order, in whole or in part, to dismiss the petition, or to
remit the proceeding to the commission; provided, however, that the
regulation or order may be modified or rescinded by the commission at
any time notwithstanding the pendency of such proceeding for review. No
objection to such regulation or order, and no evidence in support of any
objection thereto, shall be considered by the court, unless such
objection shall have been set forth by the petitioner in the protest or
such evidence shall be contained in the return. If application is made
to the court by either party for leave to introduce additional evidence
which was either offered and not admitted, or which could not reasonably
have been offered or included in such proceedings before the commission,
and the court determines that such evidence should be admitted, the
court shall order the evidence to be presented to the commission. The
commission shall promptly receive the same, and such other evidence as
the commission deems necessary or proper, and thereupon the commission
shall file with the court the original or a transcript thereof and any
modification made in regulation or order as a result thereof; except
that on request by the commission, any such evidence shall be presented
directly to the court. Upon final determination of the proceeding before
the court, the original record, if filed by the commission with the
court, shall be returned to the commission.
2. No such regulation or order shall be enjoined or set aside, in
whole or in part, unless the petitioner shall establish to the
satisfaction of the court that the regulation or order is not in
accordance with law, or is arbitrary or capricious. The effectiveness of
an order of the court enjoining or setting aside, in whole or in part,
any such regulation or order shall be postponed until the expiration of
thirty days from the entry thereof. The jurisdiction of the supreme
court shall be exclusive and its order dismissing the petition or
enjoining or setting aside such regulation or order, in whole or in
part, shall be final, subject to review by the appellate division of the
supreme court and the court of appeals in the same manner and form and
with the same effect as provided by law for appeals from a judgment in a
special proceeding. Notwithstanding any provision of section thirteen
hundred four of the civil practice act to the contrary, any order of the
court remitting the proceeding to the commission may, at the election of
the commission, be subject to review by the appellate division of the
supreme court and the court of appeals in the same manner and form and
with the same effect as provided in the civil practice act for appeals
from a final order in a special proceeding. All such proceedings shall
be heard and determined by the court and by any appellate court as
expeditiously as possible and with lawful precedence over other matters.
All such proceedings for review shall be heard on the petition,
transcript and other papers, and on appeal shall be heard on the record,
without requirement of printing.
3. (a) Within thirty days after arraignment, or such additional time
as the court may allow for good cause shown, in any criminal proceeding,
and within five days after judgment in any civil or criminal proceeding,
brought pursuant to section eleven involving alleged violation of any
provision of any regulation or order, the defendant may apply to the
court in which the proceeding is pending for leave to file in the
supreme court a petition setting forth objections to the validity of any
provision which the defendant is alleged to have violated or conspired
to violate. The court in which the proceeding is pending shall grant
such leave with respect to any objection which it finds is made in good
faith and with respect to which it finds there is reasonable and
substantial excuse for the defendant's failure to present such objection
in a protest filed in accordance with section eight. Upon the filing of
a petition pursuant to and within thirty days from the granting of such
leave, the supreme court shall have jurisdiction to enjoin or set aside
in whole or in part the provision of the regulation or order complained
of or to dismiss the petition. The court may authorize the introduction
of evidence, either to the commission or directly to the court, in
accordance with subdivision one of this section. The provisions of
subdivision two of this section shall be applicable with respect to any
proceedings instituted in accordance with this subdivision.
(b) In any proceeding brought pursuant to section eleven of this act
involving an alleged violation of any provision of any such regulation
or order, the court shall stay the proceeding:
(1) during the period within which a petition may be filed in the
supreme court pursuant to leave granted under paragraph (a) of this
subdivision with respect to such provision;
(2) during the pendency of any protest properly filed by the defendant
under section eight prior to the institution of the proceeding under
section eleven of this act, setting forth objections to the validity of
such provision which the court finds to have been made in good faith;
and
(3) during the pendency of any judicial proceeding instituted by the
defendant under this section with respect to such protest or instituted
by the defendant under paragraph (a) of this subdivision with respect to
such provision, and until the expiration of the time allowed in this
section for the taking of further proceedings with respect thereto.
(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (b) of this
subdivision, stays shall be granted thereunder in civil proceedings only
after judgment and upon application made within five days after
judgment. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (b) of this
subdivision, in the case of a proceeding under subdivision one of
section eleven the court granting a stay under paragraph (b) of this
subdivision shall issue a temporary injunction or restraining order
enjoining or restraining, during the period of the stay, violations by
the defendant of any provision of the regulation or order involved in
the proceeding. If any provision of a regulation or order is determined
to be invalid by judgment of the supreme court which has become
effective in accordance with subdivision two of this section, any
proceeding pending in any court shall be dismissed, and any judgment in
such proceeding vacated, to the extent that such proceeding or judgment
is based upon violation of such provision. Except as provided in this
subdivision, the pendency of any protest under section eight, or
judicial proceeding under this section, shall not be grounds for staying
any proceeding brought pursuant to section eleven; nor, except as
provided in this subdivision, shall any retroacitve effect be given to
any judgment setting aside a provision of a regulation or order.
4. The method prescribed herein for the judicial review of a
regulation or order shall be exclusive.
determination of a protest may, in accordance with article seventy-eight
of the civil practice law and rules, within sixty days after such
determination, commence a proceeding in the supreme court praying that
the regulation or order protested be enjoined or set aside in whole or
in part. Such proceeding may at the option of the petitioner be
instituted in the county where the commission has its principal office
or where the property is located. The answer shall include a statement
setting forth, so far as practicable, the economic data and other facts
of which the commission has taken official notice. Upon the filing of
such petition the court shall have jurisdiction to set aside such
regulation or order, in whole or in part, to dismiss the petition, or to
remit the proceeding to the commission; provided, however, that the
regulation or order may be modified or rescinded by the commission at
any time notwithstanding the pendency of such proceeding for review. No
objection to such regulation or order, and no evidence in support of any
objection thereto, shall be considered by the court, unless such
objection shall have been set forth by the petitioner in the protest or
such evidence shall be contained in the return. If application is made
to the court by either party for leave to introduce additional evidence
which was either offered and not admitted, or which could not reasonably
have been offered or included in such proceedings before the commission,
and the court determines that such evidence should be admitted, the
court shall order the evidence to be presented to the commission. The
commission shall promptly receive the same, and such other evidence as
the commission deems necessary or proper, and thereupon the commission
shall file with the court the original or a transcript thereof and any
modification made in regulation or order as a result thereof; except
that on request by the commission, any such evidence shall be presented
directly to the court. Upon final determination of the proceeding before
the court, the original record, if filed by the commission with the
court, shall be returned to the commission.
2. No such regulation or order shall be enjoined or set aside, in
whole or in part, unless the petitioner shall establish to the
satisfaction of the court that the regulation or order is not in
accordance with law, or is arbitrary or capricious. The effectiveness of
an order of the court enjoining or setting aside, in whole or in part,
any such regulation or order shall be postponed until the expiration of
thirty days from the entry thereof. The jurisdiction of the supreme
court shall be exclusive and its order dismissing the petition or
enjoining or setting aside such regulation or order, in whole or in
part, shall be final, subject to review by the appellate division of the
supreme court and the court of appeals in the same manner and form and
with the same effect as provided by law for appeals from a judgment in a
special proceeding. Notwithstanding any provision of section thirteen
hundred four of the civil practice act to the contrary, any order of the
court remitting the proceeding to the commission may, at the election of
the commission, be subject to review by the appellate division of the
supreme court and the court of appeals in the same manner and form and
with the same effect as provided in the civil practice act for appeals
from a final order in a special proceeding. All such proceedings shall
be heard and determined by the court and by any appellate court as
expeditiously as possible and with lawful precedence over other matters.
All such proceedings for review shall be heard on the petition,
transcript and other papers, and on appeal shall be heard on the record,
without requirement of printing.
3. (a) Within thirty days after arraignment, or such additional time
as the court may allow for good cause shown, in any criminal proceeding,
and within five days after judgment in any civil or criminal proceeding,
brought pursuant to section eleven involving alleged violation of any
provision of any regulation or order, the defendant may apply to the
court in which the proceeding is pending for leave to file in the
supreme court a petition setting forth objections to the validity of any
provision which the defendant is alleged to have violated or conspired
to violate. The court in which the proceeding is pending shall grant
such leave with respect to any objection which it finds is made in good
faith and with respect to which it finds there is reasonable and
substantial excuse for the defendant's failure to present such objection
in a protest filed in accordance with section eight. Upon the filing of
a petition pursuant to and within thirty days from the granting of such
leave, the supreme court shall have jurisdiction to enjoin or set aside
in whole or in part the provision of the regulation or order complained
of or to dismiss the petition. The court may authorize the introduction
of evidence, either to the commission or directly to the court, in
accordance with subdivision one of this section. The provisions of
subdivision two of this section shall be applicable with respect to any
proceedings instituted in accordance with this subdivision.
(b) In any proceeding brought pursuant to section eleven of this act
involving an alleged violation of any provision of any such regulation
or order, the court shall stay the proceeding:
(1) during the period within which a petition may be filed in the
supreme court pursuant to leave granted under paragraph (a) of this
subdivision with respect to such provision;
(2) during the pendency of any protest properly filed by the defendant
under section eight prior to the institution of the proceeding under
section eleven of this act, setting forth objections to the validity of
such provision which the court finds to have been made in good faith;
and
(3) during the pendency of any judicial proceeding instituted by the
defendant under this section with respect to such protest or instituted
by the defendant under paragraph (a) of this subdivision with respect to
such provision, and until the expiration of the time allowed in this
section for the taking of further proceedings with respect thereto.
(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (b) of this
subdivision, stays shall be granted thereunder in civil proceedings only
after judgment and upon application made within five days after
judgment. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (b) of this
subdivision, in the case of a proceeding under subdivision one of
section eleven the court granting a stay under paragraph (b) of this
subdivision shall issue a temporary injunction or restraining order
enjoining or restraining, during the period of the stay, violations by
the defendant of any provision of the regulation or order involved in
the proceeding. If any provision of a regulation or order is determined
to be invalid by judgment of the supreme court which has become
effective in accordance with subdivision two of this section, any
proceeding pending in any court shall be dismissed, and any judgment in
such proceeding vacated, to the extent that such proceeding or judgment
is based upon violation of such provision. Except as provided in this
subdivision, the pendency of any protest under section eight, or
judicial proceeding under this section, shall not be grounds for staying
any proceeding brought pursuant to section eleven; nor, except as
provided in this subdivision, shall any retroacitve effect be given to
any judgment setting aside a provision of a regulation or order.
4. The method prescribed herein for the judicial review of a
regulation or order shall be exclusive.