§ 230. Definitions. As used in this article the following terms shall
have the following meanings:

1. "Bridge" means a structure including supports erected over a
depression or an obstruction such as water, highway, or railway, having
a track or passageway for carrying traffic or other moving loads and
having an opening measured along the center of the track or roadway of
more than twenty feet between under croppings of abutments or spring
lines or arches, or extreme ends of openings for multiple boxes and may
include multiple pipes where the clear distance between openings is less
than half of the smaller contiguous opening. The term bridge, as defined
in this section, shall also include the approaches.

2. "Culvert" means a structure whether of single or multiple span
construction within an interior width of twenty feet or less when
measurement is made horizontally along the center line of roadway from
face to face of abutments or sidewalls immediately below the copings or
fillets; or, if there are no copings or fillets at points six inches
below the bridge seats or immediately under the top slab in the case of
frame structures. In the case of arches, the span shall be measured from
spring line to spring line. All measurements shall include the widths
of intervening piers or division walls as well as the width of copings
or fillets. The term culvert, as defined in this section, shall also
include the approaches.

3. "Publicly-owned, operated or maintained" means a bridge that is
owned, operated or maintained by any department, board, bureau,
commission or agency of the state or its political subdivisions, public
benefit corporation or by any public authority including the port
authority of New York and New Jersey.

4. "Public entity" means any department, board, bureau, commission or
agency of the state or its political subdivisions, public benefit
corporation or any public authority including the port authority of New
York and New Jersey.

5. "Substantial structural alteration" means any work that modifies
the load capacity, loan distribution or load paths or structural
behavior of the bridge.

6. "Railroad bridge" means a structure including supports erected over
a depression or an obstruction such as water, highway, or railway,
having a track or tracks for carrying freight or passengers or other
moving loads and having an opening measured along the center of the
track or roadway of more than twenty feet between under croppings of
abutments or spring lines or arches, or extreme ends of openings for
multiple boxes and may include multiple pipes where the clear distance
between openings is less than half of the smaller contiguous opening
whether privately or publicly owned. The term railroad bridge, as
defined in this section, shall also include the approaches.

7. "Railroad" means a private or public railroad operating in the
state of New York carrying either freight, passengers or freight and
passengers including, but not limited to, those operated by the
metropolitan transportation authority and its subsidiaries, the Long
Island Rail Road, the metro-north railroad, the Staten Island rapid
transit operating authority, the New York city transit authority or any
other public authority or local government and shall include tourist
excursion operations and railrides on standard gauge tracks.