Regular Session - March 4, 2025

                                                                   826

 1                NEW YORK STATE SENATE

 2                          

 3                          

 4               THE STENOGRAPHIC RECORD

 5                          

 6                          

 7                          

 8                          

 9                  ALBANY, NEW YORK

10                    March 4, 2025

11                      3:50 p.m.

12                          

13                          

14                   REGULAR SESSION

15  

16  

17  

18  SENATOR JAMAAL T. BAILEY, Acting President

19  ALEJANDRA N. PAULINO, ESQ., Secretary

20  

21  

22  

23  

24  

25  


                                                               827

 1                P R O C E E D I N G S

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    Senate will come to order.

 4                 I ask everyone present to please 

 5    rise and recite the Pledge of Allegiance.

 6                 (Whereupon, the assemblage recited 

 7    the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Bishop 

 9    Orlando Findlayter, of the New Hope Christian 

10    Fellowship in Brooklyn, New York, will deliver 

11    today's invocation.

12                 Bishop?  

13                 BISHOP FINDLAYTER:   Let us pray.

14                 God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, God 

15    of our weary years, God of our silent tears, we 

16    have come to You today first to say thank You.  

17    Thank You for the many blessings You have 

18    bestowed upon us individually and corporately as 

19    a state.

20                 Thank You for this body, the 

21    New York State Senate.  God, as they deliberate 

22    and as they make decisions that affect the entire 

23    state and all of its residents, we pray now that 

24    You will guide them.  We ask God for wisdom, 

25    insight, a heart of compassion and the ability to 


                                                               828

 1    work together.

 2                 Grant, O God, to this body a heart 

 3    for the marginalized, the downtrodden and the 

 4    forgotten.  Let every decision be fueled by love.  

 5    And then, Lord, honor their sacrifices.  Honor 

 6    their commitment.  Bless them, bless their homes 

 7    and bless their families.  

 8                 We ask that You would bless the 

 9    leadership of the Senate.  Bless every Senator.  

10    Bless the staff, and bless the great State of 

11    New York.

12                 We pray for peace in this state.  We 

13    pray for a season of prosperity for all 

14    New Yorkers.  We ask, O God, that You grant mercy 

15    towards us where we have fallen short.  

16                 We pray this in respect to every 

17    faith tradition, but in my tradition, in the name 

18    of Jesus.  Amen.

19                 (Response of "Amen.")

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Reading 

21    of the Journal.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   In Senate, Monday, 

23    March 3, 2025, the Senate met pursuant to 

24    adjournment.  The Journal of Friday, February 28, 

25    2025, was read and approved.  On motion, the 


                                                               829

 1    Senate adjourned.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Without 

 3    objection, the Journal stands approved as read.

 4                 Presentation of petitions.

 5                 Messages from the Assembly.

 6                 Messages from the Governor.

 7                 Reports of standing committees.

 8                 Reports of select committees.

 9                 Communications and reports from 

10    state officers.  

11                 Motions and resolutions.

12                 Senator Gianaris.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Good afternoon, 

14    Mr. President.  

15                 I move to adopt the Resolution 

16    Calendar, with the exception of Resolution 439.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   All those 

18    in favor of adopting the Resolution Calendar, 

19    with the exception of Resolution 439, please 

20    signify by saying aye.

21                 (Response of "Aye.")

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

23    nay.

24                 (No response.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               830

 1    Resolution Calendar is adopted.

 2                 Senator Gianaris.

 3                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   There is a 

 4    privileged resolution at the desk.  Please take 

 5    that up, read it in its entirety, and call on 

 6    Leader Stewart-Cousins.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

 8    a privileged resolution at the desk.  

 9                 The Secretary will read.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 441, by 

11    Senator Stewart-Cousins, mourning the death of 

12    Dr. Hazel N. Dukes, distinguished citizen and 

13    devoted member of her community.  

14                 "WHEREAS, It is the custom of this 

15    Legislative Body to pay tribute to citizens of 

16    the State of New York whose lifework and civic 

17    endeavors served to enhance the quality of life 

18    in their communities and this great Empire State; 

19    and 

20                 "WHEREAS, The members of this 

21    Legislative Body are deeply saddened by the  

22    passing of Dr. Hazel Nell Dukes on March 1, 2025, 

23    at the age of 92, and wish to express their 

24    heartfelt condolences to her family, friends, 

25    colleagues, and the countless individuals whose 


                                                               831

 1    lives she touched; and 

 2                 "WHEREAS, Dr. Hazel Dukes was a 

 3    trailblazing civil rights leader, a tireless 

 4    advocate for racial and social justice, and a 

 5    champion for equality, dedicating her life to 

 6    uplifting marginalized communities and fighting 

 7    for the rights of all people; and 

 8                 "WHEREAS, Born in Montgomery, 

 9    Alabama, on March 17, 1932, to parents Alice and 

10    Edward Dukes, Hazel Dukes demonstrated an early 

11    passion for education and community service, 

12    attending Alabama State Teachers College before 

13    pursuing studies in business administration at 

14    Nassau Community College and later earning a 

15    bachelor's degree from Adelphi University in 

16    1978; and 

17                 "WHEREAS, Dr. Hazel Dukes made 

18    history in 1966 as the first African-American to 

19    work at the Nassau County Attorney's Office, 

20    where she worked to promote equal access to 

21    justice and public resources; and 

22                 "WHEREAS, She was instrumental in 

23    the implementation of President Lyndon B. 

24    Johnson's 'Head Start' program, which provided 

25    crucial early childhood education to underserved 


                                                               832

 1    communities and helped countless children and 

 2    families achieve better futures; and 

 3                 "WHEREAS, Dr. Hazel Dukes held 

 4    numerous leadership roles throughout her  

 5    lifetime, including serving as the national 

 6    president of the NAACP from 1989 to 1992, during 

 7    which time she guided the organization through 

 8    critical years of advocacy and reform, and later 

 9    serving for more than four decades as president 

10    of the NAACP New York State Conference; and 

11                 "WHEREAS, She was a fearless 

12    advocate for voting rights, fair housing, 

13    economic opportunity, and education, and in 1972, 

14    she played a historic role by seconding the 

15    presidential nomination of Shirley Chisholm, the 

16    first Black woman to seek a major party's  

17    nomination for President of the United States; 

18    and 

19                 "WHEREAS, Her advocacy continued 

20    into the 21st century, influencing President 

21    Joe Biden's decision to select a Black woman as 

22    his running mate in 2020, and in 2023, she was 

23    awarded the NAACP's highest honor, the Spingarn 

24    Medal, presented by former Secretary of State 

25    Hillary Clinton in recognition of her 


                                                               833

 1    extraordinary contributions; and 

 2                 "WHEREAS, Dr. Hazel Dukes also led 

 3    efforts in public administration, serving as 

 4    president of the New York City Off-Track Betting  

 5    Corporation and later founding Hazel N. Dukes & 

 6    Associates, a consulting firm specializing in 

 7    public policy, health, and diversity; and 

 8                 "WHEREAS, She remained a steadfast 

 9    leader in the NAACP National Board of Directors 

10    and countless other civic organizations, ensuring 

11    that future generations continued the fight for 

12    justice and equality; and 

13                 "WHEREAS, Dr. Hazel Dukes' 

14    commitment to education was further exemplified  

15    by her service as a trustee of the State 

16    University of New York and Stillman College, 

17    where she worked to expand educational 

18    opportunities for underrepresented communities; 

19    and 

20                 "WHEREAS, She was a devoted member 

21    of the Assembly of Prayer Baptist Church, where 

22    she served as executive assistant to the pastor, 

23    was a member of the board of trustees, and taught  

24    adult Sunday school, demonstrating her deep faith 

25    and commitment to community service; and 


                                                               834

 1                 "WHEREAS, Dr. Hazel Dukes received 

 2    numerous accolades for her unwavering dedication, 

 3    including the Ellis Island Medal of Honor, the 

 4    YWCA City of New York John La Farge Memorial 

 5    Award for Interracial Justice, and the Guy R. 

 6    Brewer Humanitarian Award, reflecting the 

 7    profound impact of her work on both local and 

 8    national levels; she was an active member of the 

 9    Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Northern Manhattan 

10    Alumnae Chapter and was selected to receive the 

11    sorority's Althea T.L. Simmons Social Action 

12    Award in August 2010; Dr. Dukes was incorporated 

13    in 2007 as a Pi Eta Kappa Fellow, and her 

14    biography has been selected for publication in 

15    many journals and directories, including Fisk 

16    University Library, Minority Women Contribution, 

17    American Biographical Institute Personalities of 

18    Northeast, Who's Who Among American Women and 

19    Who's Who Among Black Women; and 

20                 "WHEREAS, Dr. Hazel Dukes has shown 

21    outstanding commitment to education, leadership, 

22    and community service; she was awarded an 

23    Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from the 

24    City University of New York Law School at Queens 

25    College in 1990, an Honorary Doctor of Humane 


                                                               835

 1    Letters from Medgar Evers College in Brooklyn, 

 2    New York, in 2009, and a similar honor from 

 3    Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine in Harlem, 

 4    New York, in 2012; Dr. Dukes has also held 

 5    leadership roles, including serving as the former   

 6    president of the Metro-Manhattan Links Chapter 

 7    and being appointed the National Links NGO 

 8    Representative in 2010; her contributions to 

 9    higher education include serving as a trustee for 

10    both the State University of New York and 

11    Stillman College; additionally, she has been an 

12    advocate for social justice and public  health  

13    through her involvement with the National Council  

14    of Negro Women, Inc., and the National Black 

15    Leadership Commission on AIDS, Inc.; and 

16                 "WHEREAS, In recognition of her 

17    lifelong commitment to civil rights, a street in 

18    Roslyn Heights, New York, where Dr. Hazel Dukes 

19    once resided, was named 'Dr. Hazel Dukes Way' in 

20    her honor, serving as a lasting tribute to her 

21    legacy; and 

22                 "WHEREAS, Dr. Hazel Dukes resided in 

23    Harlem, New York, where she continued her 

24    advocacy and community involvement until her 

25    passing; and 


                                                               836

 1                 "WHEREAS, Dr. Hazel Dukes' passing 

 2    is an immense loss to the civil rights community 

 3    and the nation as a whole, yet her legacy will 

 4    live on in the policies she helped shape, the 

 5    lives she uplifted, and the generations she 

 6    inspired; now, therefore, be it 

 7                 "RESOLVED, That this Legislative 

 8    Body pauses in its deliberations to mourn the 

 9    passing of Dr. Hazel Nell Dukes, to recognize  

10    and celebrate her lifelong dedication to civil 

11    rights and public service, and to express its 

12    deepest gratitude for her contributions to a more 

13    just and equitable society; and be it further 

14                 "RESOLVED, That copies of this 

15    resolution, suitably engrossed, be transmitted to 

16    the family of Dr. Hazel Nell Dukes, the NAACP 

17    National Office, and the NAACP New York State 

18    Conference as a token of appreciation for her 

19    extraordinary work and enduring impact." 

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Majority 

21    Leader Stewart-Cousins on the resolution.

22                 SENATOR STEWART-COUSINS:   Thank you 

23    so much, Mr. President.

24                 And I rise on behalf of this body to 

25    express our condolences to the family of 


                                                               837

 1    Dr. Dukes and the many people who were called her 

 2    children, the many people who were influenced by 

 3    her intellect, her wisdom, all of those who had a 

 4    chance to meet her, to be in her presence, and 

 5    certainly all of those who will never have an 

 6    opportunity to stand and honor this icon.  It is 

 7    certainly an incredible loss to not only this 

 8    state, but to the nation.

 9                 But as I listened to all that was 

10    said and all that filled her 92 years, we know it 

11    was a life well-lived, but also it is a life to 

12    be celebrated.  There is no one who has ever seen 

13    or heard Dr. Dukes who was not influenced by her, 

14    who was not indelibly marked by her -- by what 

15    she said and what she taught, how she lived, and 

16    how she believed in justice for everyone and 

17    certainly put her body on the line, put all she 

18    had on the line to make sure that justice was 

19    achieved.  And if she didn't achieve it, you knew 

20    that she would die trying.

21                 Dr. Dukes was somebody who I had the 

22    pleasure of meeting many, many years ago when I 

23    started in government around the desegregation 

24    issue in the City of Yonkers.  We became closer 

25    as I came into the Senate and had an opportunity 


                                                               838

 1    to work with her and the NAACP in matters of 

 2    civil rights and human rights and criminal 

 3    justice reform and education and healthcare, 

 4    because she cared about everything.  

 5                 And there was nothing, no one who 

 6    was either too great or too small to be in 

 7    Dr. Dukes' sphere.  She would mentor you, she 

 8    would scold you, she would bring you up, she 

 9    would put you down.  And no matter how she did 

10    it, she did it in a way that you knew that she 

11    was talking to you out of love.  That's not easy 

12    to do.

13                 You never were ambiguous what she 

14    meant or what she was trying to convey.  And she 

15    was also, again, unambiguous in her love -- not 

16    only for humanity, but for justice.

17                 What an honor and a privilege to be 

18    able to stand here, and in the presence of the 

19    new state director of NAACP, L. Joy Williams; the 

20    executive director of the NAACP statewide,  

21    Christopher Alexander; and our Regent Hasoni 

22    Pratts, who we'll be voting on, will be 

23    returning.

24                 But all of whom in this moment are 

25    representing the thousands of NAACP members 


                                                               839

 1    across our state and across our nation who are 

 2    mourning and celebrating simultaneously the life 

 3    and the legacy of Dr. Hazel Nell Dukes.

 4                 Her funeral will be next week.  I 

 5    cannot imagine how many people will be there 

 6    because, as you've heard, she's been doing what 

 7    she's been doing for the better part of those 

 8    90 years, having grown up in the segregated South 

 9    and having been so instrumental in advising 

10    presidents, putting, you know, Head Start into 

11    our communities across the nation, being able to 

12    second the nomination of Shirley Chisholm in 

13    1972.  Somebody who was courageous enough to 

14    stand up and say, this Black woman is worth being 

15    President -- in 1972.  

16                 Someone who was able to advise 

17    President Biden, swear in the current Governor, 

18    get awarded by Hillary Rodham Clinton, and every 

19    single person in between who had an opportunity 

20    to say thank you to Hazel Dukes, took the 

21    opportunity to say thank you.

22                 I am so grateful that she was able 

23    to get flowers and her accolades while she was 

24    alive.  So much we wait until people are gone and 

25    then we start saying all these great things.  But 


                                                               840

 1    Hazel, she wouldn't let you wait.  And you 

 2    shouldn't.  And I think we need to learn that 

 3    lesson as well.

 4                 We can be passionate and still be 

 5    someone that when we transit, when we transition, 

 6    the loss of that energy is so deep and so 

 7    profound that we have no choice but to admire it 

 8    and to follow it, and to understand it makes a 

 9    difference when you actually have the courage of 

10    your conviction and are willing to put everything 

11    on the line in order to achieve it.  Not just for 

12    you, but for all of humanity.  

13                 So I am so honored, again, to have 

14    known her, to have been mentored and befriended 

15    and just elevated by her.  And I really want to 

16    thank Senator Cleare, because actually it's -- 

17    this is her constituent.  But, you know, she 

18    allowed me to, you know, carry it because, again, 

19    the influence of Dr. Dukes is something that we 

20    all celebrate for years to come.

21                 So thank you so much, Mr. President.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

23    you, Madam Leader.

24                 Senator Cleare on the resolution.

25                 SENATOR CLEARE:   Thank you, 


                                                               841

 1    Mr. President.

 2                 And thank you, Majority Leader 

 3    Andrea Stewart-Cousins.  Like always, you just so 

 4    eloquently said all the things.

 5                 But if I were to add anything, you 

 6    know, I have the privilege of serving the 

 7    30th District, which includes the Village of 

 8    Harlem.  And that was the home to Hazel Dukes.  

 9    She was bigger than Harlem.  She's worldwide.  

10    But, you know, I always looked at her that she 

11    belonged to us.  And I'm thankful that I was able 

12    to say that and I had the privilege of being able 

13    to speak with her, being able to glean from her, 

14    get a few talking tools from her, and just be 

15    able to look at the inspiration, be inspired by 

16    her.

17                 You know, she was well known for 

18    standing up, not backing down.  Staying the 

19    course.  Being her true self.  And I'd like to 

20    think that some of that fell on me and others.  

21    It's about being yourself, showing up, standing 

22    up for what you believe in.  And that's what she 

23    did.  She led with class, she led with 

24    distinction, she led with compassion, with grace, 

25    with strength, with fire.  With fire.  


                                                               842

 1                 And I think we can all take some of 

 2    that from her as a tribute to her.  She served on 

 3    my community board -- got to shout out my 

 4    Community Board 10.  That was her family.  She 

 5    led, she taught, and she just kept giving till 

 6    the end.  She gave and gave and gave -- 

 7    everything.  She left it here.

 8                 So I'll say to everyone, including 

 9    myself, there are no excuses.  Hazel Dukes taught 

10    us, she showed us the way.  Her greatest title 

11    she earned was Ma Dukes.  And she was that to 

12    many of us in Harlem and beyond.  May she rest in 

13    power and prestige.  

14                 Rest in peace, Hazel Dukes.

15                 Thank you.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

17    you, Senator Cleare.

18                 Senator Webb on the resolution.

19                 SENATOR WEBB:   Thank you, 

20    Mr. President.

21                 I rise just to add my remarks.  I 

22    too was influenced by Dr. Hazel "Ma" Dukes as a 

23    young person, being a member of my local NAACP.  

24    But also as I became an adult and helping to 

25    support the campus chapter back in my district, I 


                                                               843

 1    had the opportunity to work with Dr. Dukes.  

 2                 And as has been already shared, once 

 3    you met her, you were forever changed.  Because 

 4    she had this incredible ability to not only give 

 5    you a lasting impression with her wit and most 

 6    certainly her conviction, but she was someone 

 7    that inspired you to do better.  To stand up and 

 8    be courageous and to fight for what is right.  

 9    And that is not just simply civil rights, but 

10    what it means to be a member of our human family.

11                 And her 92 years of sacrifice, 

12    legacy building, as everyone has shared, 

13    continues not only in our halls but in halls all 

14    across this country.

15                 Last year when we established the 

16    SUNY Black Leadership Institute, we actually have 

17    a fellowship within that institute that's named 

18    after her.  And so this was something that she 

19    has been a long champion of ensuring equitable 

20    representation across every institution in our 

21    state and in our nation.  

22                 And so it is that legacy that we 

23    will continue in her honor, but also that is what 

24    she would want us to do.

25                 And not only as a mentor to me, but 


                                                               844

 1    also as a soror of mine through our sorority, 

 2    Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Incorporated, she is 

 3    someone that also has contributed en masse to our 

 4    organizations's legacy that goes beyond this 

 5    country, but most certainly internationally.

 6                 And so I want to extend my 

 7    condolences to her family, to all of us who had 

 8    the honor and privilege of being able to call on 

 9    her.  We knew that when you made that call, it 

10    was time for action, because she was going to 

11    make sure that the work was done and that it was 

12    done well and that you were respected.

13                 And as we are lifting up Women's 

14    History Month, most certainly she embodies all of 

15    those things that we lift up and celebrate during 

16    this time of year.  

17                 And so I want to thank our Senate 

18    Majority Leader for her leadership always, and 

19    for most certainly Senator Cleare for bringing 

20    forward this important resolution.

21                 Thank you, Madam President.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

23    you.  

24                 Senator Bailey on the resolution.

25                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Thank you, 


                                                               845

 1    Madam President.  

 2                 Madam Leader, thank you.  And as 

 3    always, eloquent.  Senator Cleare, thank you for 

 4    your words, and Senator Webb, and everybody, all 

 5    of my colleagues who will after me say incredibly 

 6    eloquent things about living history.  

 7                 We've read history books, we learn 

 8    about Black history.  But when you've been able 

 9    to be around and have actual, meaningful 

10    conversation with someone who is a part of 

11    history, it's important to treasure that.  It's 

12    important to commemorate that in these floors and 

13    places where, quite frankly, Madam President, 

14    folks like us weren't allowed here quite some 

15    time ago.  When she started her life, the way 

16    that this chamber looked was a lot different.

17                 But because of actions for 

18    Dr. Dukes, because of what she did, and folks 

19    like her, we have the chance to sit at these 

20    seats, to sit at that table, that proverbial 

21    table that Shirley Chisholm spoke about.  Because 

22    of her.  Generations after us, even if it's not a 

23    textbook or if it's a tablet -- whatever it is, 

24    she's going to be in history books.  We got a 

25    chance to get jewels from somebody who is going 


                                                               846

 1    to be in history books.

 2                 I think we should soak that in for a 

 3    second.  History wasn't always written for us.  

 4    Quite frankly, quite the contrary.  But in that 

 5    next chapter, it's written because of people like 

 6    Dr. Dukes.  

 7                 Growing up, you know about the NAACP 

 8    and what they've done for Black folks and what 

 9    they did in our community.  And my branch, the 

10    Williamsbridge branch, was up here today.  

11                 But to hear the name Hazel Dukes and 

12    then to get a chance to meet her was incredible.  

13    And then when you realize that Hazel Dukes knows 

14    your name, it sends chills down your spine.  The 

15    first time that she's said to each of you by your 

16    name, I'm pretty sure I can challenge you to say 

17    that it made you feel incredibly special.  

18                 She would come to me and say, the 

19    Senator from the Boogie-Down.  Because as you 

20    well know, Dr. Dukes was Dr. Dukes wherever she 

21    was going to be.  If it was at the conference, if 

22    it was in the chamber, or if it was just on the 

23    street, she was consistent.  In a day and age 

24    when we lack consistency in many ways, she was a 

25    steady and consistent figure throughout her life.


                                                               847

 1                 I'm grateful for the times that I 

 2    had a chance to have a conversation with her.  

 3    I'm grateful for the knowledge that she imparted 

 4    upon me and the chances that we had to have a 

 5    conversation.  But I'm grateful that I got to, 

 6    like by osmosis, almost, as it were, just to soak 

 7    up some of what she was putting out there.

 8                 I can't imagine what it was like 

 9    92 years ago.  I can't imagine what it was like 

10    to be a Black woman growing up then.  But 

11    nevertheless, she persisted.  She is someone that 

12    will ring bells throughout history.  So as the 

13    bell tolls and continues to toll, let's always 

14    remember to say thank you, thank you to the 

15    generation.  

16                 And one more thing, Madam President.  

17    Our NAACP chapters, our leadership, thank you for 

18    the work that you do.  But the membership, we've 

19    got to make sure we support them and continue the 

20    mission.  That's what Dr. Dukes would have wanted 

21    us to do.  

22                 May she rest in peace, 

23    Madam President.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

25    you.


                                                               848

 1                 Senator Sanders on the resolution.

 2                 SENATOR SANDERS:   Thank you, 

 3    Madam President.  

 4                 To our Majority Leader, to 

 5    Senator Cleare, thank you for bringing this 

 6    before us.

 7                 A mighty tree has fallen.  You can't 

 8    get around that.  The world has changed.  A 

 9    mighty tree has fallen.  

10                 Let me tell you a quick Hazel Dukes 

11    story, a recent one.  Everyone knows that 

12    New York State has pioneered the art, the 

13    science, the wonder of trying to figure out 

14    reparations.  But what you may not know is there 

15    came some snags in that.  There were -- the big 

16    money said it would not happen, that it couldn't 

17    happen and it just -- it was dead in the water, 

18    dead man walking.

19                 All right.  They didn't understand 

20    the dynamics.  And I picked up the phone to Hazel 

21    Dukes.  Now, I cannot attest to what happened.  I 

22    cannot tell you the magic that was done.  I 

23    cannot tell you what this arm twister or this 

24    smile -- I don't know.  But what I do know is a 

25    no turned into a yes.


                                                               849

 1                 Now, I'm not quite clear on how it 

 2    happened, and I sure wish that I could have her 

 3    in my life for a whole bunch of other things.  

 4    But all I know is a no turned into a yes.  

 5                 So we're seeing the passing of the 

 6    greatest generation.  Isn't this amazing?  Folk 

 7    who stood when the rest of us would have fallen.  

 8    Women and men who labored from can't see in the 

 9    morning to can't see at night, who stood up when 

10    everybody ran -- when it was sensible to run and 

11    it may have been insane to stand.  A mighty 

12    generation.  They don't make them that way 

13    anymore.  Or do they?  

14                 So a mighty tree has fallen.  Can't 

15    get around it.  This is a tree that gave us 

16    shade, took us under her wing, comforted us.  Fed 

17    us -- if you were hungry, you were fed.  Gave us 

18    warmth.  But I know one thing about life and 

19    nature.  A mighty tree is necessary in nature, 

20    but it must fall because if the mighty tree does 

21    not fall, the younger trees cannot come forward.  

22                 The next generation has to come 

23    forward.  The mighty trees have to yield so that 

24    the next branches of the trees come forward.

25                 We are here saluting the next 


                                                               850

 1    branches of this tree.  You come from a good 

 2    stock.  You got deep roots.  These roots go back 

 3    400 years.  They never ran.  They never will.  

 4    May you stand well-comforted by the incredible 

 5    tradition that you come out of.  A tradition that 

 6    has brought us to here, where you have the first 

 7    Black Majority Leader, a mighty tree.

 8                 Having said this, I say to you what 

 9    I said to her.  Whatever little bit I could do is 

10    done.  I don't want anything except to aid in the 

11    process of growing this great tree.  And that 

12    tree has to lead to one America.  One America.  

13    Not 20, not 30, just one America with the same 

14    rights for everyone.  

15                 God bless you all.  Thank you very 

16    much.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

18    you, Senator.

19                 Senator Jackson on the resolution.  

20                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Thank you, 

21    Madam President and my colleagues.  

22                 And to the Majority Leader and 

23    Cordell Cleare, thank you for bringing forward 

24    the resolution.  And I just want to thank 

25    Dr. Hazel Dukes for her advocacy on behalf of all 


                                                               851

 1    people, and especially the children.  

 2                 When I was involved with the 

 3    Campaign for Fiscal Equity, CFE versus the State 

 4    of New York, she was there and she supported the 

 5    process of litigating this particular case.  It 

 6    took many, many years.  But the bottom line, like 

 7    you know and like she knew, is that education is 

 8    the key to uplift all people.  It doesn't matter 

 9    if you're Black or you're white or you're 

10    Hispanic or you're Asian, whether you're rich or 

11    you're poor.  It's education.  

12                 And Dr. Dukes has always been there 

13    as someone.  So I rise now in her passing, but to 

14    thank her for being who she was and standing up 

15    for what's right.  And that's what this is about.  

16    And that's why I'm committed as a State Senator 

17    to continue to struggle to represent people and 

18    do the best that I can to make their lives 

19    better.  

20                 And with that, to the family and 

21    friends, peace and blessings to you.  And rest in 

22    peace, my dear Mom, Hazel Dukes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

24    Brisport on the resolution.

25                 SENATOR BRISPORT:   Thank you, 


                                                               852

 1    Mr. President.

 2                 I want to thank the leader for 

 3    introducing this resolution, and also my 

 4    colleague Senator Cleare.  

 5                 I want to reiterate what Senator 

 6    Jackson just said about Dr. Hazel Dukes' 

 7    commitment to uplifting children and say one of 

 8    my favorite memories of fighting alongside her 

 9    was a couple of years ago when there were 

10    proposed changes to the charter school cap.  

11                 Because I remember Dr. Dukes hearing 

12    that there may be a massive expansion in charter 

13    schools in New York City, and she wasn't having 

14    that.  So she showed up in Albany to rally with 

15    us.  And standing alongside her, I could feel the 

16    immense legacy that she emanated.  It really made 

17    me wish I could have been there in the '60s 

18    fighting alongside her.  

19                 But truly, when someone like 

20    Dr. Hazel Dukes devotes their entire life to 

21    uplifting children -- and so many other things, 

22    but uplifting children is one way to uplift all 

23    of society.  And I've just got to say she has 

24    left incredibly large shoes that it will take all 

25    of us to fill.  


                                                               853

 1                 So thank you again for introducing 

 2    this resolution.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 4    Liu on the resolution.

 5                 SENATOR LIU:   Thank you, 

 6    Mr. President.

 7                 I will -- you know, I sit next to 

 8    Senator Sanders.  I listen to him all the time.  

 9    It usually goes in one ear and out the other.  

10    But today I was moved.  You know, Sanders, you 

11    actually said something good.

12                 SENATOR SANDERS:   Be the last -- be 

13    the last time.

14                 SENATOR LIU:   It was -- you know, 

15    he said that a mighty tree at some point has to 

16    fall so that the young trees can grow up and take 

17    over.  And as much tribute has been paid to 

18    Ma Dukes, I want to say that we are in good hands 

19    with L. Joy Williams.  I was there when Ma Dukes 

20    anointed her the leader of Brooklyn.  And now she 

21    has -- she is that new young tree that is taking 

22    the place of Ma Dukes.

23                 Thank you, Mr. President.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

25    Krueger on the resolution.


                                                               854

 1                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So Hazel Dukes 

 2    had an enormous impact on me in one day in my 

 3    life.  It was the late 1980s.  Ted Kennedy -- one 

 4    of the good Kennedys -- 

 5                 (Laughter.)

 6                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   -- was coming to 

 7    New York to do a -- to revisit -- sorry -- the 

 8    tour of Robert, Sr., on hunger in America.  And 

 9    so they had planned a whole day of visits through 

10    the same areas of New York City that Robert 

11    Kennedy, Sr., had visited.  And Ted Kennedy was 

12    carrying an antihunger bill in Congress at the 

13    time.  

14                 And I was invited to come be with 

15    Ted Kennedy and, it turns out, Hazel Dukes, 

16    traveling the day, talking about the continuing 

17    crisis of hunger growing out of inadequate 

18    funding of federal food programs, which was the 

19    area I was working in at the time.  And I pretty 

20    much think I spent the whole day with my mouth 

21    open, just listening to Ted Kennedy and 

22    Hazel Dukes talk about the work that had been 

23    done and needed to be done.

24                 So even though in theory I was there 

25    to explain technically what was going on, I was 


                                                               855

 1    mostly just sitting in this car with my mouth 

 2    open the whole day.  And I never forgot that day.  

 3                 And I think it's just representative 

 4    of a small piece of the impact that she had in 

 5    her life, and the work, and the meaning it was 

 6    for anyone who did have the opportunity to come 

 7    in contact with her.

 8                 Thank you.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   To our 

10    guests, NAACP leadership for the future, I 

11    welcome you on behalf of the Senate.  We extend 

12    to you all of the privileges and courtesies of 

13    this house.  

14                 Please rise and be recognized.

15                 (Extended standing ovation.)

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    question is on the resolution.  All in favor 

18    signify by saying aye.

19                 (Response of "Aye.")

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

21    nay.

22                 (No response.)

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    resolution is adopted.

25                 Senator Gianaris.


                                                               856

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Thank you, 

 2    Mr. President.  

 3                 We have some additional resolutions 

 4    to take up.  We are going to simultaneously call 

 5    an immediate meeting of the Rules Committee in 

 6    Room 332, and then take up Resolution 439, by 

 7    Leader Stewart-Cousins, read that in its 

 8    entirety, and call on Senator Webb on that 

 9    resolution.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There 

11    will be an immediate meeting of the 

12    Rules Committee in Room 332.  

13                 Please read the resolution 

14    prescribed by Senator Gianaris.  The Secretary 

15    will read.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 439, by 

17    Senator Stewart-Cousins, memorializing Governor 

18    Kathy Hochul to proclaim March 2025 as Women's 

19    History Month in the State of New York, 

20    recognizing the invaluable contributions of women 

21    in all aspects of society.

22                 "WHEREAS, March is Women's History 

23    Month, and each year New York State officially 

24    sets aside time to recognize the unique 

25    contributions that women have made to New York 


                                                               857

 1    State and beyond; and 

 2                 "WHEREAS, New York State has a 

 3    distinguished history of monumental achievements 

 4    in the area of women's rights; and has long been 

 5    at the forefront of the women's rights movement, 

 6    leading the nation in legislative and social 

 7    advancements for gender equality; and 

 8                 "WHEREAS, The social and political 

 9    leadership of women has strengthened our 

10    democracy, from the abolitionists who fought for 

11    the freedom and racial equality of all Americans 

12    and the suffragists who fought for the 

13    19th Amendment in 1920 to modern-day leaders 

14    shaping policy and governance at all levels; and 

15                 "WHEREAS, Throughout history, women 

16    have played an integral role in shaping   

17    politics, education, science, law, medicine, 

18    business, technology, literature, arts, and 

19    sports, breaking barriers and driving progress 

20    despite systemic obstacles; and 

21                 "WHEREAS, Recognizing Women's 

22    History Month provides an opportunity to 

23    highlight, honor, and celebrate the vital and 

24    extraordinary achievements of women past and 

25    present, ensuring that their stories are included 


                                                               858

 1    in our national and state narratives and serve  

 2    as inspiration for future generations; and 

 3                 "WHEREAS, Breaking barriers in 

 4    education, Emma Willard opened the Troy Female 

 5    Seminary in Troy, New York, in 1821, the first 

 6    endowed institution for the education of women, 

 7    expanding opportunities for women's academic 

 8    advancement; and 

 9                 "WHEREAS, In 1848 in New York, the 

10    first Women's Rights Convention was held at 

11    Seneca Falls to secure for all women a number of 

12    civil rights, including the right to vote, access 

13    to education, property ownership, and legal 

14    rights; and 

15                 "WHEREAS, Racial justice has been a 

16    crucial and ongoing fight within the women's 

17    rights movement, as women of color have  

18    historically faced both gender and racial 

19    discrimination; and Sojourner Truth, an 

20    abolitionist and civil rights advocate who 

21    challenged racial and gender inequality, spoke 

22    out for the abolition of slavery and suffrage for 

23    all women, famously delivering her 'Ain't I a 

24    Woman?' speech in 1851; and Harriet Tubman, a 

25    courageous abolitionist, led enslaved individuals 


                                                               859

 1    to freedom through the Underground Railroad 

 2    during the 1850s and 1860s, ultimately settling 

 3    in Auburn, New York, where she continued her 

 4    humanitarian work; and 

 5                 "WHEREAS, Pioneering advancements in  

 6    education and medicine, Elizabeth Blackwell 

 7    became the first woman in the United States to 

 8    earn a medical degree, in 1849, from Geneva 

 9    Medical College in New York, paving the way for 

10    women in medicine; and Dr. Mary E. Walker, the 

11    first female United States Army surgeon, in 1863, 

12    was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor in 

13    1865, becoming the only woman in  U.S. history to 

14    receive this distinction; and 

15                 "WHEREAS, Belva Lockwood became the 

16    first woman to argue a case before the U.S. 

17    Supreme Court in 1880, advocating for women's 

18    rights in the legal profession; and 

19                 "WHEREAS, Ida B. Wells, a 

20    journalist, civil rights activist, and former 

21    resident of Brooklyn, fought for social, 

22    economic, and racial equality for 

23    African-Americans and all women while cofounding 

24    the National Association for the Advancement of 

25    Colored People (NAACP) in 1909, highlighting the 


                                                               860

 1    intersection of civil rights and women's rights; 

 2    and 

 3                 "WHEREAS, Between 1911 and 1919, 

 4    Madam C.J. Walker, an African-American 

 5    entrepreneur and former resident of Harlem, 

 6    became the first woman of any race to become a 

 7    self-made millionaire due to the success of her 

 8    hair-care products and the Madam C.J. Walker 

 9    Manufacturing Company; and furthermore, Madam 

10    C.J. Walker's mansion, Villa Lewaro, located in 

11    Irvington, New York, is listed on the National 

12    Register of Historic places and stands as a 

13    symbol of optimism, perseverance, and the 

14    resilience of the American entrepreneurial 

15    spirit; and 

16                 "WHEREAS, In 1917, New York 

17    guaranteed women the right to vote in all 

18    elections, and in the following year the first 

19    two women, Ida Sammis and Mary Lilly, were 

20    elected to the New York State Legislature and 

21    became the first women to then serve in 1919; and 

22                 "WHEREAS, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and 

23    Susan B. Anthony were two of many women leading 

24    the campaign for women's suffrage throughout the 

25    mid-to-late 19th century, advocating for the 


                                                               861

 1    right to vote, which culminated in the passage of 

 2    the 19th Amendment in 1920; and Maud Wood Park 

 3    became the first national president of the League 

 4    of Women Voters in 1920, helping to establish an 

 5    organization that continues to empower voters and 

 6    defend democracy; and 

 7                 "WHEREAS, Margaret Sanger, a pioneer 

 8    in birth control education and advocacy, opened 

 9    the first birth control clinic in the 

10    United States in Brooklyn, in 1916, leading to 

11    the establishment of the Birth Control Clinical 

12    Research Bureau in New York City in 1923; and 

13                 "WHEREAS, Eleanor Roosevelt, a 

14    humanitarian and diplomat, served as the 

15    United States Delegate to the United Nations from 

16    1946 to 1952, and played a pivotal role in 

17    drafting the Universal Declaration of 

18    Human Rights in 1948; and 

19                 "WHEREAS, Rhoda Fox Graves, in 1934, 

20    became the first woman to be elected to the 

21    New York State Senate; she served from 1935 to 

22    1948, sitting in the 158th, 159th, 160th, 161st, 

23    162nd, 163rd, 164th, 165th, and 166th New York 

24    State Legislatures; and 

25                 "WHEREAS, In 1955, Bessie Buchanan 


                                                               862

 1    was the first African-American woman to serve in 

 2    the New York State Legislature; and 

 3                 "WHEREAS, Constance Baker Motley, a 

 4    civil rights lawyer and the first Black woman 

 5    elected to the New York State Senate in 1964, was 

 6    appointed to the U.S. District Court for the 

 7    Southern District of New York in January 1966,  

 8    by President Lyndon B. Johnson, and was confirmed 

 9    by the United States Senate in August 1966, 

10    making her the first Black woman to serve as a 

11    federal judge in the United States; and 

12                 "WHEREAS, In 1967, Muriel Siebert 

13    became the first woman to own a seat on the 

14    New York Stock Exchange, opening the door for 

15    women to gain positions of greater economic 

16    power; and 

17                 "WHEREAS, In 1968, New York State  

18    Assemblywoman Shirley Chisholm became the first 

19    Black woman elected to Congress, and in 1972 she 

20    ran for President of the United States, another 

21    first for Black women; and 

22                 "WHEREAS, In 1970, New York City was 

23    the site of the first Women's Strike for 

24    Equality, in which 50,000 people marched for 

25    equal rights; and 


                                                               863

 1                 "WHEREAS, In 1978, Olga Mendez 

 2    became the first Puerto Rican woman to serve in 

 3    the New York State Legislature; in 1983, New York 

 4    State women legislators established the 

 5    Legislative Women's Caucus to improve the 

 6    participation of women in all areas of 

 7    government, support issues that benefit women, 

 8    and provide a network of support for women in the  

 9    State Legislature; and 

10                 "WHEREAS, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, a 

11    Brooklyn native, was a trailblazing attorney and 

12    jurist who dedicated her career to advancing 

13    gender equality and civil rights and successfully 

14    argued landmark cases before the U.S. Supreme 

15    Court, challenging laws that discriminated on the 

16    basis of sex and laying the legal foundation for 

17    gender equity; in 1993, she made history as the 

18    second woman and the first Jewish woman to serve 

19    on the U.S. Supreme Court; and 

20                 "WHEREAS, In 1999, the Berkshire 

21    Conference of Women Historians was held to 

22    improve the status of women in history and in the  

23    historical professions; and 

24                 "WHEREAS, Hillary Rodham Clinton has 

25    been a trailblazer in American politics and 


                                                               864

 1    public service, and in 2000 she became the first 

 2    woman elected as a U.S. Senator for New York 

 3    State; and 

 4                 "WHEREAS, In 2007, Ellen Young was 

 5    the first Asian-American woman to serve in the 

 6    New York State Legislature; and 

 7                 "WHEREAS, In 2009, Sonia Sotomayor, 

 8    a Bronx native, became the first Latina and the 

 9    third woman appointed to the United States 

10    Supreme Court; and 

11                 "WHEREAS, New Yorker Edith Windsor 

12    fought to expand marriage equality in the 

13    United States prior to the Marriage Equality Act 

14    of New York, which became law in 2011; and 

15                 "WHEREAS, In 2015, New Yorker 

16    Loretta Elizabeth Lynch was appointed as 

17    Attorney General of the United States, becoming 

18    the first African-American woman to serve in this 

19    esteemed position; and 

20                 "WHEREAS, Avril Haines of New York 

21    City became the first woman to serve as the 

22    Director of National Intelligence on January 21, 

23    2021; furthermore, on January 26, 2021, 

24    Janet Yellen of Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, became the 

25    first woman to serve as the U.S. Secretary of 


                                                               865

 1    Treasury; and 

 2                 "WHEREAS, Brenda K. Sannes became 

 3    the first woman to serve as Chief Judge of the 

 4    U.S. District Court for the Northern District of  

 5    New York in 2022; Nusrat Choudhury became the 

 6    first Muslim-American woman and the first  

 7    Bangladeshi-American to serve as a U.S. District 

 8    Judge in the Eastern District of New York in 

 9    2023; Meredith Vacca became the first 

10    Asian-American woman to serve as a Judge of the 

11    Western District of New York in 2024; and 

12                 "WHEREAS, The New York Liberty won 

13    their first WNBA Championship in 2024, marking a 

14    significant milestone in women's sports; and 

15                 "WHEREAS, Currently, 50 percent of 

16    statewide elected officials are women, a 

17    testament to the growing representation and 

18    leadership of women in New York State government;  

19    notably, each of these leaders made history as 

20    the first woman elected to their respective 

21    positions, breaking barriers and paving the way 

22    for future generations of women  in  public  

23    service; and 

24                 "WHEREAS, 2025 marks the 

25    105th Anniversary of the 19th Amendment, which 


                                                               866

 1    guaranteed women the right to vote in the 

 2    United States; and 

 3                 "WHEREAS, Today, 73 women serve in 

 4    the New York State Legislature, 51 Assemblywomen 

 5    and 22 Senators, holding leadership positions in 

 6    both houses and bringing the diverse experiences 

 7    of women into law and public policy; and 

 8                 "WHEREAS, The extraordinary 

 9    achievements of these trailblazing women -- 

10    spanning politics, law, medicine, business, 

11    civil rights, journalism, education, and 

12    activism -- have shaped the course of history and 

13    continue to inspire future generations; the 

14    collective achievements and efforts of these 

15    women have expanded rights, shattered barriers, 

16    and strengthened democracy, ensuring a more just 

17    and equitable society for all; now, therefore, be 

18    it 

19                 "RESOLVED, That this Legislative 

20    Body pause in its deliberations to memorialize 

21    Governor Kathy Hochul to proclaim March 2025 as 

22    Women's History Month in the State of New York; 

23    and be it further 

24                 "RESOLVED, That copies of this  

25    resolution, suitably engrossed, be transmitted to 


                                                               867

 1    the Honorable Kathy Hochul, Governor of the State 

 2    of New York, and the Legislative Women's Caucus 

 3    of New York State."

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 5    Webb on the resolution.

 6                 SENATOR WEBB:   Thank you, 

 7    Mr. President.

 8                 It is my honor to rise today on 

 9    behalf of our esteemed Majority Leader, Senator 

10    Andrea Stewart-Cousins, to speak on this very 

11    timely and very needed resolution memorializing 

12    Governor Hochul to proclaim March 2025 as Women's 

13    History Month in our great State of New York.

14                 As it was read by our clerk, to 

15    recognize the countless contributions that women 

16    have made in our past, present and most certainly 

17    our future, and as we take up this resolution 

18    today, I want to lift up the words of a 

19    well-known abolitionist, feminist, and that is 

20    Sojourner Truth.  She was someone who, like 

21    Dr. Hazel Dukes, who was unwavering in her 

22    commitment, courageous in a time where there was 

23    imminent danger.  But she stood strong.  And as 

24    she delivered her speech "Ain't I a Woman?" at 

25    the 1851 Women's Rights Convention more than 


                                                               868

 1    174 years ago, there's a particular piece in that 

 2    speech I wanted to lift up that I think also 

 3    helps to characterize why, when you add women, 

 4    you change everything.

 5                 "If the first woman God ever made 

 6    was strong enough to turn the world upside down 

 7    all alone, these women together ought to be able 

 8    to turn it back and get it right side up!  And 

 9    now they is asking to do it, the men better let 

10    them."

11                 (Laughter.)

12                 SENATOR WEBB:   The words of 

13    Sojourner Truth ring true today as we gather our 

14    collective strength to face new and continued 

15    challenges as a nation, most certainly as a 

16    state, and in our respective communities.

17                 Mr. President, as we pause today to 

18    recognize Women's History Month and to lift up 

19    the long and distinguished history of the women 

20    of New York, as it has been mentioned, this year 

21    marks the 105th anniversary of the 19th Amendment 

22    which granted women the right to vote in the 

23    United States.  And we know that women of color 

24    didn't see that right until many years later.

25                 We know that it is important that we 


                                                               869

 1    lift up women like Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth 

 2    Cady Stanton and we celebrate abolitionists Like 

 3    Sojourner Truth and Harriet Tubman -- all the 

 4    women of color, past and present, who continue 

 5    fighting to ensure justice and dignity for all 

 6    women.

 7                 We celebrate trailblazers like Ida 

 8    B. Wells, a journalist and civil rights activist 

 9    who fought for social, economic and racial 

10    equality for African-Americans and all women, 

11    also while cofounding the NAACP in 1909.

12                 We also want to thank women who 

13    continue to break and shatter not only glass 

14    ceilings, but especially for women of color, 

15    those ceilings are often made of bricks.  And so 

16    we have trailblazers in our own state like 

17    New York State leader, former Assemblywoman and 

18    Congresswoman Shirley Chisholm, who became the 

19    first Black woman elected to Congress and in 1972 

20    became the first Black woman to run for 

21    president.

22                 We also recognize the history of 

23    women in this chamber.  Most certainly, 

24    Mr. President, I was proud to be elected to this 

25    body two years ago as part of the first-ever 


                                                               870

 1    all-women class of Senators ever in our state 

 2    history.

 3                 And we have the opportunity and the 

 4    privilege to serve under the leadership of yet 

 5    another trailblazer, our own Majority Leader, 

 6    Senator Andrea Stewart-Cousins, who is the first 

 7    Black woman to lead our respective legislative 

 8    body.

 9                 And so while we continue to make 

10    important milestones and break records in our 

11    state, I want it to be clear:  We have a long way 

12    to go.  When you talk about issues as it relates 

13    to fairness in pay, when we talk about, through 

14    policy, the work we're trying to do to address 

15    the very real challenges with maternal mortality 

16    rates, when we talk about still having to ensure 

17    that we have bodily autonomy as women in this 

18    country, it is important that representation in 

19    every institution has gender parity.  

20                 And so as we commemorate Women's 

21    History Month and we lift up these challenges, it 

22    is important that we think about the next 

23    generation of women leaders, that we are creating 

24    a legacy that they can carry this torch of 

25    change, of human change.  And that, as it says in 


                                                               871

 1    the saying that we all have heard, Strong women, 

 2    right, may we know them, may we be them, and most 

 3    certainly may we raise them.

 4                 Mr. President, I encourage my 

 5    colleagues to vote aye.  I will most certainly be 

 6    doing that.  And happy Women's History Month.

 7                 Thank you, Mr. President.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

 9    you, Senator Webb.

10                 Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick on the 

11    resolution.

12                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

13    Thank you, Mr. President.

14                 I rise to thank the Majority Leader 

15    for bringing this resolution to the floor to 

16    commemorate Women's History Month so that we can 

17    take a moment to recognize the multitude of women 

18    who have contributed to our great state, to our 

19    nation, and to the world at large.

20                 For those of you who are fans of 

21    golf, the first professional female golfer, Helen 

22    Hicks, was born in my Senate district, the 9th 

23    Senate District, in Cedarhurst, and was one of 

24    the 13 founding members of the LPGA.  Her playing 

25    career included two major championship titles, 


                                                               872

 1    and last year Helen was inducted into the World 

 2    Golf Hall of Fame for her storied career and her 

 3    efforts for women's golf.

 4                 I couldn't stand here today without 

 5    the support of the great women in my life.  And I 

 6    always think of my grandmother, Sophie Canzoneri, 

 7    who immigrated to this country from Italy.  And I 

 8    wear her American flag pin proudly, because she 

 9    was so proud to be an American citizen.

10                 I also have to thank my mom, because 

11    she encouraged me, along with my brothers, to do 

12    anything I wanted.  As one of six, three girls, 

13    three boys, she raised us -- without Alice or any 

14    other help from anybody outside -- and I always 

15    admire my mom for that.

16                 As the mother of three daughters, 

17    I'm proud of the numerous roles women have in our 

18    sports, our business, our academics, and here in 

19    this chamber.

20                 But most importantly, we need to 

21    show them that we are examples to them of what 

22    they can do.  And even more importantly, we have 

23    to show our sons that women can do anything.  

24    Because when they have the support of everyone 

25    around them, there is no limit to what they can 


                                                               873

 1    achieve.

 2                 So thank you, Mr. President, for 

 3    allowing me to speak on this.  

 4                 I proudly vote aye.  Thank you.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

 6    you, Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick.

 7                 Senator Sanders on the resolution.

 8                 SENATOR SANDERS:   Thank you, 

 9    Mr. President.  

10                 Today I rise as Sister Lois's son.  

11    My mother, Lois Sanders, was a proud Black woman 

12    who through her life tried to show and teach us 

13    that women were equal to us.  They were not 

14    supposed to walk behind us, not supposed to do 

15    any of that stupid stuff, that they will walk 

16    equal with us.  And you don't have to be a woman 

17    to support women.

18                 I understand that women hold up half 

19    the sky.  And I understand that if the sky hasn't 

20    fallen, it's because women have been holding up 

21    perhaps more than their share.

22                 So I just could not let the day go 

23    by without saying that all of us should be 

24    supporting -- not just in words, but through 

25    legislation -- to say that we believe in the 


                                                               874

 1    equality of the human family, equality of women.  

 2    And we can do it by voting on certain 

 3    legislation.  And I'll be nice for the moment.

 4                 Thank you, Mr. President.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

 6    you, Senator Sanders.

 7                 The question is on the resolution.  

 8    All in favor signify by saying aye.

 9                 (Response of "Aye.")

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

11    nay.

12                 (No response.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    resolution is adopted.

15                 Senator Gianaris.

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Now let's move 

17    on to previously adopted Resolution 380, by 

18    Senator Hinchey, read that resolution's title and 

19    recognize Senator Hinchey.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    Secretary will read.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 380, by 

23    Senator Hinchey, memorializing Governor Kathy 

24    Hochul to proclaim February 15-22, 2025, as 

25    National FFA Organization Week in the State of 


                                                               875

 1    New York.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 3    Hinchey on the resolution.

 4                 SENATOR HINCHEY:   Thank you, 

 5    Mr. President.

 6                 New York FFA was first founded by a 

 7    group of young farmers, predating the 

 8    establishment of the National FFA in 1928.  Their 

 9    mission was to prepare future generations for the 

10    challenges of feeding a growing population.  

11                 Throughout its history, FFA has 

12    expanded into a program that helps students 

13    discover their talents, serve their communities, 

14    and gain leadership experience across a variety 

15    of pathways.  These are our future teachers, 

16    chemists, environmental scientists, 

17    veterinarians, and overall our future leaders.

18                 This year is an incredibly special 

19    one, as it is New York's FFA celebrating its 

20    100-year anniversary.

21                 New York FFA has seen significant 

22    growth in recent years.  We actually had the Ag 

23    commissioner come to our committee meeting today, 

24    who shared with us that New York is the 

25    fastest-growing FFA state in the country.  In 


                                                               876

 1    fact, in 2016 Commissioner Ball challenged FFA to 

 2    increase its number of charters across the state 

 3    by 100.  And as of last year, FFA reached that 

 4    goal with 103 new chapters, totaling over 

 5    200 chapters across our state.  That's 100 new 

 6    chapters in time for 100 years.

 7                 The FFA motto gives members 12 words 

 8    to live by:  Learning to do, doing to learn, 

 9    earning to live, and living to serve.  To me, 

10    that is a beautiful encapsulation of what we want 

11    to inspire and how we want to inspire all of our 

12    future leaders.  

13                 I'm incredibly proud that FFA is 

14    such a strong organization in New York, and I'm 

15    very proud to vote aye on this resolution.  

16                 Thank you, Mr. President.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

18    Borrello on the resolution.

19                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

20    Mr. President.  

21                 I'd like to thank our sponsor, our 

22    chairwoman of the Ag Committee for bringing this 

23    forward.  

24                 The FFA is truly about the future of 

25    agriculture here in New York State.  It is our 


                                                               877

 1    young people getting involved in this 

 2    organization that will ensure that agriculture 

 3    remains strong here in New York State.  And FFA 

 4    is strong.  As the chairwoman mentioned, it is 

 5    growing here in New York State.  Chapters are 

 6    increasing.  

 7                 And this is truly a statewide 

 8    organization.  In fact, the largest chapter of 

 9    the Future Farmers of America is in Queens.  So 

10    that's a proud statement here, that this is truly 

11    a statewide organization.  

12                 It is an organization that teaches 

13    leadership, strength, an organization that is 

14    truly making sure that we have a future here, 

15    that we can feed New Yorkers for the long term 

16    with food grown right here in New York State.

17                 As we move ahead in this chamber, we 

18    should understand that we have a tremendous 

19    impact on agriculture here in New York State, and 

20    understand that the folks, the young people that 

21    make up our FFA chapters across the state are 

22    committing themselves to remaining here and being 

23    farmers and protecting the future of New York 

24    State's ability to feed itself.  It's an 

25    important thing for them, and an important thing 


                                                               878

 1    for us to remember.

 2                 So we're here to celebrate FFA.  

 3    Thank you all for that support.  And God bless 

 4    those who grow our food.  No farms, no food.

 5                 Thank you, Mr. President.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 7    Oberacker on the resolution.

 8                 SENATOR OBERACKER:   Thank you, 

 9    Mr. President.

10                 Mr. President, on the eighth day God 

11    looked down on this planned paradise and he said, 

12    I need a caretaker.  So God made a farmer.  

13                 God said, I need somebody willing to 

14    get up before dawn, milk cows, work all day in 

15    the fields, milk cows again, eat supper, then go 

16    down and stay past midnight at the meeting of the 

17    local school board.  So God, Mr. President, gave 

18    me a son.  

19                 God said:  I need somebody strong 

20    enough to clear the trees, heave bales, yet 

21    gentle enough to tame lambs, wean pigs, tend the 

22    pink-combed pullets, and who will stop his mower 

23    for an hour to splint the broken leg of a 

24    meadowlark.  So God, Mr. President, gave me a 

25    son.


                                                               879

 1                 Mr. President, if we had somebody to 

 2    plow deep, straight, not cut corners; somebody to 

 3    seed, weed, feed, breed, rake and disk and plow 

 4    and plant, and tie the fleece and strain the milk 

 5    and replenish the self-feeder and finish a hard 

 6    day's work with a five-mile drive to church -- 

 7    somebody who would be willing to bale a family 

 8    together with the soft, strong bonds of sharing, 

 9    who would laugh and then sigh and then reply, 

10    with smiling eyes, when his son says he wants to 

11    spend his life doing what his dad does.

12                 So, Mr. President, God gave me two 

13    grandsons.  And if there were ever two truer 

14    Future Farmers of America, it's two grandsons.  

15                 So, Mr. President, I would like to 

16    thank our chair of Agriculture for bringing this 

17    resolution forward.  And I proudly, as a farmer 

18    myself, vote aye.

19                 Thank you, Mr. President.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    resolution was adopted on February 25th.  

22                 Senator Gianaris.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

24    the sponsors of the various resolutions we took 

25    up today would like to open them for 


                                                               880

 1    cosponsorship.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    resolutions are open for cosponsorship.  Should 

 4    you choose not to be a cosponsor, please notify 

 5    the desk.

 6                 Senator Gianaris.

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

 8    there's a privileged resolution at the desk.  

 9                 Please take that up, read its title, 

10    and recognize Senator Mayer on that resolution.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    Secretary will read.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 438, by 

14    Senator Mayer, Concurrent Resolution of the 

15    Senate and Assembly providing for the election of 

16    eight Regents of the University of the State of 

17    New York.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

19    Mayer on the privileged resolution.

20                 SENATOR MAYER:   Thank you, 

21    Mr. President.

22                 And it's truly my honor to rise in 

23    support of this resolution as the sponsor, 

24    together with my colleague Senator Stavisky, 

25    chair of the Higher Education Committee here in 


                                                               881

 1    the Senate.  

 2                 This is a resolution that we do here 

 3    in the Senate as well as the Assembly does at the 

 4    same time, providing for the election of eight 

 5    Regents.  And I do want to speak both about the 

 6    process and the names of those we are electing.  

 7                 In the first place, we continue to 

 8    have a robust interview process where people who 

 9    are interested in these positions came forward, 

10    were interviewed by a bipartisan group of members 

11    of the Senate and Assembly.  

12                 We spent a good deal of time asking 

13    tough questions and getting good answers.  And we 

14    commend all those who came forward to volunteer 

15    for this incredibly important task of serving as 

16    a Regent of the University of the State of 

17    New York, not only with responsibility for the 

18    education of our younger children from 

19    kindergarten through 12th grade, but of many 

20    issues that involve the professions and higher 

21    ed.  

22                 And we're very, very fortunate to 

23    have a distinguished group that we elect here 

24    today.  I want to go through who we are either 

25    reelecting or suggesting as new Regents.  


                                                               882

 1                 For the Second Judicial District, 

 2    which is Kings County in the City of New York, 

 3    Hasoni Pratts, of the County of Kings, to be 

 4    reelected Regent of the University of the State 

 5    of New York for a term of five years.

 6                 Dr. Roger P. Catania, of the County 

 7    of Essex, to be reelected Regent for a term of 

 8    five years.  And the County of Essex is in the 

 9    Fourth Judicial District, which includes Clinton, 

10    Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Hamilton, Montgomery, 

11    Saratoga, Schenectady, St. Lawrence, Warren and 

12    Washington counties.

13                 And in the Eighth Judicial District, 

14    which includes Allegany, Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, 

15    Erie, Genesee, Niagara, Orleans and Wyoming 

16    County, we are appointing Keith B. Wiley, of the 

17    County of Erie, to be elected as Regent for the 

18    Eighth Judicial District.  

19                 And for the Ninth Judicial District, 

20    for the counties of Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, 

21    Rockland and Westchester, we are reelecting the 

22    current Regent, Dr. Frances G. Wills, to serve 

23    for a term of five years.

24                 For the 10th Judicial District, in 

25    Nassau and Suffolk County, we are electing 


                                                               883

 1    Felicia Thomas-Williams of the County of Suffolk 

 2    as the Regent for the 10th Judicial District.  

 3                 We are reappointing Dr. Lester W. 

 4    Young, Jr., the current chancellor, from the 

 5    County of Queens, to be reelected as at-large 

 6    Regent for a term of five years.  

 7                 And Roger B. Tilles, currently a 

 8    Regent, to be elected an at-large Regent for a 

 9    term of one year.

10                 All of these individuals give of 

11    their time, give of their energy, give of their 

12    experience to help work with us to craft 

13    constructive ways to deal with the challenges of 

14    education and the professions in New York State.  

15    We are fortunate to have them be willing to come 

16    forward.  

17                 We look forward to their hard work.  

18    We look forward to engaging with them when we 

19    agree and disagree.  But as a state, we are 

20    incredibly fortunate to have these individuals be 

21    willing to achieve and take on these 

22    responsibilities and to serve on the Board of 

23    Regents.  

24                 So I encourage all my colleagues to 

25    vote aye on this resolution, and I'm very, very 


                                                               884

 1    honored to be the sponsor of this resolution.

 2                 Thank you.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 4    Stavisky on the resolution.

 5                 SENATOR STAVISKY:   Thank you.  

 6    Thank you, Mr. President, and Senator Mayer.  

 7                 It's interesting, when people hear 

 8    the term Regents, they assume it's an exam.  But 

 9    it's not.  It's much more than that.  There are 

10    17 people with the title Regent, and we are 

11    electing eight of them today.

12                 But the Regents, interestingly, 

13    are -- they go back to our colonial period.  And 

14    I love to cite one of the most famous Regents was 

15    Alexander Hamilton.  He was I guess in the room 

16    where it all happened originally.  

17                 And the Regents are unique.  They 

18    are the policymaking body, the educational 

19    policymaking body of the State of New York.  And 

20    in most states the commissioner of education is 

21    either appointed by the governor, it's a 

22    gubernatorial agency, or in some states they're 

23    elected by the people in a general-election vote.

24                 New York is unique because the 

25    Commissioner of Education is elected by the 


                                                               885

 1    Regents.  And the Regents are elected, as you 

 2    know, by the Legislature.

 3                 So I can congratulate the Regents 

 4    who have come forth through the interview 

 5    process.  We are proud of the work that you do, 

 6    and continue to make New York State a leader in 

 7    the education process.

 8                 The chancellor is a constituent of 

 9    mine, and I congratulate him.  He has a long 

10    history of service, starting as a teacher, 

11    frankly, and then rising through the ranks to 

12    become a superintendent and I think a deputy 

13    commissioner in Albany and now, since 2008, a 

14    Regent.

15                 But all of the Regents have 

16    excellent credentials, and we congratulate them.  

17    And I urge a positive vote today.

18                 Thank you, Mr. President.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

20    Murray on the resolution.

21                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

22    Mr. President.

23                 Again, I'm going to rise and -- when 

24    I was down the hall in the Assembly and I was the 

25    ranking minority member on the Education 


                                                               886

 1    Committee, I sat in on all of the interviews.  

 2    And it is an interesting prospect.  You meet some 

 3    great people and get some great information.  And 

 4    you really dig deep into background and pick the 

 5    good candidates.  

 6                 Unfortunately, that process doesn't 

 7    allow every one of us -- I mean, I guess it does, 

 8    it's open, but with our busy schedules most don't 

 9    get the opportunity to participate like that.  

10                 And so you don't really get to know 

11    the individual candidates like maybe you could or 

12    should.  And in fact we'll be voting on 

13    candidates that directly affect my area today -- 

14    two, in fact.  One is at-large, and the other one 

15    will be directly in our judicial area.

16                 But once again, and I rise and say 

17    this multiple times in the process, there are 

18    eight individual people that we are voting on 

19    today.  Unfortunately, we're voting with one 

20    vote.  Does that mean we support every one of the 

21    eight?  We don't know, if you haven't looked into 

22    their background.  But we have one opportunity to 

23    vote up or down on eight individual candidates.  

24                 I think the process is not good.  I 

25    think we should have the opportunity to vote up 


                                                               887

 1    and down on each individual candidate based on 

 2    each individual candidate's merits, so we are 

 3    assured that we are getting the best candidates 

 4    to serve us in such an important position.  

 5                 So for that reason, I will be voting 

 6    no.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 8    question is on the resolution.  

 9                 The Secretary will call the roll.

10                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

12    the results.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to the 

14    resolution, those Senators voting in the negative 

15    are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

16    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, 

17    Helming, Lanza, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

18    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Stec, Tedisco, 

19    Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

20                 Ayes, 41.  Nays, 20.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    resolution is adopted.

23                 Senator Gianaris.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

25    there is a report of the Rules Committee at the 


                                                               888

 1    desk.  

 2                 Let's take that up, please.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    Secretary will read.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator 

 6    Stewart-Cousins, from the Committee on Rules, 

 7    reports the following bills:  

 8                 Senate Print 172, by Senator Ramos, 

 9    an act to amend the Workers' Compensation Law; 

10                 Senate Print 372, by 

11    Senator Gianaris, an act to amend the Labor Law; 

12                 Senate Print 1235A, by 

13    Senator Comrie, an act to amend the New York 

14    State Medical Care Facilities Finance Agency Act; 

15                 Senate Print 1514, by 

16    Senator Harckham, an act to amend the Labor Law; 

17                 Senate Print 2236, by Senator 

18    Gounardes, an act to amend the Labor Law; 

19                 Senate Print 4515, by Senator Ramos, 

20    an act to amend the Labor Law; 

21                 Senate Print 4587, by Senator Mayer, 

22    an act to amend the Education Law; 

23                 Senate Print 5442, by 

24    Senator Krueger, an act to amend the 

25    State Finance Law.


                                                               889

 1                 All bills reported direct to third 

 2    reading.  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   All those 

 4    in favor of accepting the report of the 

 5    Rules Committee please signify by saying aye.

 6                 (Response of "Aye.")

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 8    nay.

 9                 (No response.)

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    report of the Rules Committee is accepted.

12                 Senator Gianaris.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Thank you for 

14    recognizing my motion to accept the report of the 

15    Rules Committee, Mr. President.

16                 (Laughter.)

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   At this time 

18    let's take up the reading of the calendar.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    Secretary will read.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

22    203, Senate Print 363, by Senator Gianaris, an 

23    act to amend the General Business Law.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

25    last section.


                                                               890

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Lay it aside for 

 2    the day.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 4    will be laid aside for the day.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6    364, Senate Print 4188, by Senator Comrie, an act 

 7    to amend the Penal Law.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 9    last section.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

11    act shall take effect immediately.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

13    roll.

14                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

16    the results.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    368, Senate Print 2497, by Senator Gounardes, an 

22    act to amend the Civil Practice Law and Rules.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

24    last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               891

 1    act shall take effect immediately.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 3    roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 6    the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 8    Calendar 368, those Senators voting in the 

 9    negative are Senators Borrello, 

10    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, Lanza, Rhoads, 

11    Tedisco and Weik.

12                 Ayes, 54.  Nays, 7.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    370, Senate Print 4611, by Senator Ramos, an act 

17    to amend the Civil Practice Law and Rules.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

19    last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 11.  This 

21    act shall take effect on the 30th day after it 

22    shall have become a law.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

24    roll.

25                 (The Secretary called the roll.)


                                                               892

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 2    Ramos to explain her vote.

 3                 SENATOR RAMOS:   Hey, thank you, 

 4    Mr. President.

 5                 I today want to tell you about a 

 6    worker who inspired this bill.  Sandra Mejia 

 7    worked for years disinfecting clothes at a 

 8    laundry on the Upper West Side.  Her employer 

 9    paid 25 percent less than the minimum wage and 

10    never paid her the overtime she was owed.  

11                 During the pandemic, they made Mejia 

12    buy her own PPE without compensating her and 

13    required her to work in an unventilated basement.  

14    When another worker tried to ask why they weren't 

15    paid minimum wage, she was fired.  

16                 All in all, her employer stole a 

17    million dollars from its workers over the course 

18    of six years.  Mejia is just one of countless 

19    workers whose experiences show how rampant and 

20    unchecked wage theft is in our economy.  

21                 Whether working in restaurants, nail 

22    salons, construction, home care or other 

23    industries, New York workers are robbed of, at 

24    minimum, $3 billion every year.  Many of these 

25    workers are immigrants who are more vulnerable to 


                                                               893

 1    exploitation.  I have a member on my team who 

 2    focused exclusively on filing wage-theft claims 

 3    for my neighbors in my district office.  

 4                 Wage theft's ubiquity is the result 

 5    of New York's weak labor enforcement and 

 6    collection laws.  Bosses know that even if 

 7    workers do win in court, they can still get away 

 8    without paying a single cent by using a variety 

 9    of tactics to evade payments, ranging from 

10    shutting down their businesses, transferring 

11    their assets, declaring bankruptcy, or simply 

12    never showing up to court.  

13                 So the Wage Theft Attachment Act 

14    we're passing today steps up to face this 

15    problem, and that is why I proudly vote aye, so 

16    that workers can have a tool and they can finally 

17    get their money.

18                 Thank you.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

20    Ramos to be recorded in the affirmative.  

21                 Announce the results.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

23    Calendar 370, those Senators voting in the 

24    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

25    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, 


                                                               894

 1    Helming, Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Murray, 

 2    Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, 

 3    Rolison, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 4                 Ayes, 39.  Nays, 22.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    372, Senate Print 4999, by Senator Hoylman-Sigal, 

 9    an act to amend the Estates, Powers and Trusts 

10    Law.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

12    last section.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

14    act shall take effect immediately.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

19    the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

21    Calendar 372, those Senators voting in the 

22    negative are Senators Martins, Rhoads and Weik.

23                 Ayes, 58.  Nays, 3.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

25    is passed.


                                                               895

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    374, Senate Print 1678, by Senator C. Ryan, an 

 3    act to authorize the Board of Trustees of the 

 4    Village of East Syracuse to permit that the 

 5    Office of Village Justice may be held by a 

 6    nonresident.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 8    last section.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

10    act shall take effect immediately.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

12    roll.

13                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

15    the results.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

18    is passed.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

20    376, Senate Print 4483, by Senator Mayer, an act 

21    to amend the Village Law.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

23    last section.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

25    act shall take effect immediately.


                                                               896

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 2    roll.

 3                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 5    the results.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 8    is passed.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

10    407, Senate Print 2708, by Senator May, an act to 

11    amend the Public Service Law.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

13    last section.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

15    act shall take effect on the 90th day after it 

16    shall have become a law.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

18    roll.

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

21    May to explain her vote.

22                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

23    Mr. President.

24                 As we see a lot of economic 

25    development in this state, as we see transitions 


                                                               897

 1    of buildings and transportation to using more 

 2    efficient electric energy, we are also seeing 

 3    pressure on the electric grid to be able to 

 4    transmit the amount of energy that we need.

 5                 And it turns out that the 

 6    solutions are not all big, expensive new grid 

 7    infrastructure, but there are actually solutions 

 8    that come from just technical efficiencies in the 

 9    grid system itself.  You can move electrons 

10    faster if you are testing the temperature of 

11    different parts of the grid system.  You can make 

12    a lot of really dramatic increases in efficiency 

13    on the grid with just very clever sensors and 

14    other technical interventions.  

15                 And so I'm excited that we in 

16    New York are passing this bill to help us take 

17    those kinds of measures that are smart, they are 

18    cost-effective, and they are truly efficient and 

19    can make our whole grid system more efficient.

20                 So I'm grateful that this bill has 

21    come up for a vote, and I vote aye.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

23    May to be recorded in the affirmative.

24                 Announce the results.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 


                                                               898

 1    Calendar 407, those Senators voting in the 

 2    negative are Senators Griffo, Lanza, Martins, 

 3    Oberacker and Stec.

 4                 Ayes, 56.  Nays, 5.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 There is a substitution at the desk.  

 8                 The Secretary will read.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Gonzalez 

10    moves to discharge, from the Committee on 

11    Elections, Assembly Bill Number 5834 and 

12    substitute it for the identical Senate Bill 5101, 

13    Third Reading Calendar 412.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    substitution is so ordered.

16                 The Secretary will read.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

18    412, Assembly Bill 5834, by Assemblymember 

19    Walker, an act to amend the Election Law.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

21    last section.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

23    act shall take effect immediately.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

25    roll.


                                                               899

 1                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 3    the results.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 5    Calendar 412, those Senators voting in the 

 6    negative are Senators Borrello, Griffo, 

 7    Oberacker, O'Mara, Rhoads, Stec, Walczyk, Weber 

 8    and Weik.  

 9                 Ayes, 52.  Nays, 9.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

11    is passed.

12                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

13    reading of today's calendar.

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please take up 

15    the supplemental calendar.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    Secretary will read.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

19    441, Senate Print 172, by Senator Ramos, an act 

20    to amend the Workers' Compensation Law.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

22    last section.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 17.  This 

24    act shall take effect immediately.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 


                                                               900

 1    roll.

 2                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 4    Mayer to explain her vote.

 5                 SENATOR MAYER:   Thank you, 

 6    Mr. President.

 7                 And a special thank you to 

 8    Senator Ramos for her leadership on this bill.

 9                 This bill is incredibly important 

10    because it provides urgently needed reforms to 

11    the TDI system in our state, but also it includes 

12    a provision that will provide families with paid 

13    leave following a stillbirth.  

14                 In New York 3,000 families 

15    experience a stillbirth every year, and 

16    unfortunately one in four families know the pain 

17    of child loss.  And yet these parents are 

18    ineligible for New York's program.  

19                 Many years ago I spoke with brave 

20    mothers who came to share their stories of 

21    stillbirth and their disappointment with the lack 

22    of support from the state during the toughest 

23    moments of their lives.  They felt ignored at 

24    every level in state policymaking, ignored by the 

25    lack of paid leave, ignored by the lack of 


                                                               901

 1    research into stillbirth, ignored by the stigma 

 2    of talking about it and advocate for it at a 

 3    policy level.

 4                 We have an obligation to do better 

 5    for them.  Any parent who has experienced the 

 6    loss of a child understands there's an obligation 

 7    to take these stories out of the shadows and into 

 8    the halls of chambers like this, to make the 

 9    policy changes that these parents deserve and to 

10    insist that there are more to be done.

11                 I'm pleased to be voting yes on this 

12    bill.  Again, thank you to Senator Ramos for her 

13    leadership.  And thank you to the brave 

14    advocates, the women who have come forward to 

15    make sure this issue is addressed.

16                 I vote aye.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

18    Mayer to be recorded in the affirmative.

19                 Senator Borrello to explain his 

20    vote.

21                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

22    Mr. President.  

23                 We continue to burden our small 

24    businesses here in New York State with more and 

25    more costs.  And TDI here is now going to go up a 


                                                               902

 1    whopping 600 percent over the course of four 

 2    years.  

 3                 For those of you that don't know, 

 4    temporary disability is for an injury -- not an 

 5    injury that you sustain at work, but rather a 

 6    sickness that is not work-related.  So this is an 

 7    insurance policy, like any other insurance 

 8    policy.  We don't mandate that businesses pay for 

 9    car insurance or anything else, but we're going 

10    to mandate this, and this increase.  

11                 Sixty percent of that premium is 

12    paid by the business, 40 percent by the 

13    employees.  With this massive increase, many 

14    small business organizations and advocates like 

15    NFIB are certain this is going to increase those 

16    that are participating in the program, and in 

17    some cases in a questionable manner.  

18                 We continue to drive businesses out 

19    of New York State, employers.  You know, the 

20    problem is that this is continuing to burden and 

21    put really a heavy, heavy pressure on the people 

22    that really employ the most people here in 

23    New York State, and that's New York's small 

24    businesses.  A 600 percent increase in this cost 

25    is going to be yet another reason to drive a 


                                                               903

 1    business out of New York or out of business 

 2    altogether.  So I can't support this bill.

 3                 You know, it's easy to spend 

 4    somebody else's money.  The problem here in 

 5    New York State is we're starting to run out of 

 6    other people's money.  We're seeing that in the 

 7    declining revenue, in income tax and all other 

 8    taxes -- sales tax, payroll taxes, you name it.  

 9    We have to stop this, and this is just one more 

10    unnecessary burden on New York State businesses.  

11                 Thank you.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

13    Borrello to be recorded in the negative.

14                 Senator Ramos to explain her vote.

15                 SENATOR RAMOS:   You know, 

16    Mr. President, heaven forbid that a small 

17    business owner care about its workers.  If 

18    there's anything we hear from small businesses 

19    right now it is that they're dealing with heavy 

20    turnover, and we need more incentives, not less, 

21    in order to help our small businesses be able to 

22    retain their workforce.  

23                 This is why the Small Business 

24    Majority came out in favor of temporary 

25    disability reform.  It's because the increase is 


                                                               904

 1    coming from a lack of movement since 1989, when 

 2    the insurance was set at $170 per week.  In 2025, 

 3    it's impossible for anybody to get by on $170 a 

 4    week.  I don't think that's even what we spend on 

 5    lunch within a week, much less being able to keep 

 6    up with the cost of living.  

 7                 I mean, had you wanted the increase 

 8    to be much more modest, perhaps when the other 

 9    side of the aisle was in charge of this chamber 

10    they could have cared to make some improvement in 

11    order to help our workers.  But that is 

12    unfortunately not true.

13                 So now here we are, being able to 

14    bring stakeholders together and make this 

15    monumental change in order to help our workers.  

16    I mean, imagine trying to navigate a cancer 

17    diagnosis or ALS or experiencing a stillbirth or 

18    a mental health crisis while losing your wages 

19    and only taking $170 per month.  What you're 

20    doing is driving workers further into poverty.  

21    And then you're going to need a whole other set 

22    of services in order to help that worker and that 

23    family get by.  But that other side of the aisle 

24    won't vote for that, either.  They just want 

25    workers to die, essentially.  


                                                               905

 1                 (Reaction from members.)

 2                 SENATOR RAMOS:   So in February of 

 3    2023, A Better Balance issued a report with 

 4    recommendations for the modernization of 

 5    New York's TDI program, many of which are covered 

 6    in this bill.  The report explains that the TDI 

 7    system, as it currently stands, is deficient in 

 8    its ability to support veterans and military 

 9    families, women, New Yorkers with disabilities 

10    and Long COVID, and New Yorkers dealing with 

11    substance abuse issues.  

12                 It's inhumane.  It's contrary to the 

13    interests of public health.  It's in direct 

14    conflict with our efforts to fight poverty and 

15    help New Yorkers find stability in this turbulent 

16    world.  

17                 I want to thank all of the 

18    advocates, so many of them, from NYCLU to 

19    A Better Balance and many others, who shared 

20    their stories about their efforts to heal while 

21    facing extreme financial stress, who bravely told 

22    personal stories about the most vulnerable time 

23    in their lives and helped us advocate to bring 

24    this bill to the floor.

25                 The work continues to patch the 


                                                               906

 1    holes in the safety net, and I proudly vote aye, 

 2    Mr. President.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 4    Ramos to be recorded in the affirmative.

 5                 Senator Martins to explain his vote.

 6                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

 7    Mr. President.  

 8                 I rise to support this bill, as I 

 9    have in the past.  But I rise also to point out 

10    what everyone in this chamber should realize, 

11    that this side of the aisle, the side of the 

12    aisle that I stand on and stand in, has not been 

13    in the majority in this chamber for now seven 

14    years.  

15                 As a matter of fact, Mr. President, 

16    that side of the aisle that the sponsor 

17    referenced has had a supermajority in this 

18    chamber for a number of those years, as well as 

19    having a supermajority in the chamber on the 

20    other side of this building and also having the 

21    benefit of having a Governor that is also of the 

22    same party.

23                 So here we are, into the seventh 

24    year of a majority on that side of the aisle, on 

25    the sponsor's side of the aisle -- and again, 


                                                               907

 1    remember, Mr. President, I rise to support this 

 2    bill.  But I will not sit here and listen to 

 3    people complain about what happened on this side 

 4    of the aisle when after seven years and here we 

 5    are, you still haven't gotten there.  

 6                 So hopefully that side of the aisle, 

 7    along with this side of the aisle, can get this 

 8    through and we can actually do the right thing 

 9    for working people and working families in 

10    New York State and stop pointing fingers.

11                 Mr. President, I vote aye.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

13    Martins to be recorded in the affirmative.

14                 Senator Gianaris to explain his 

15    vote.

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Thank you, 

17    Mr. President.  

18                 Let me begin by thanking my 

19    colleague Senator Martins for pointing out how 

20    thoroughly defeated his side of the aisle has 

21    been over the last several years.  There's a 

22    reason for that.  Because the people of this 

23    state have chosen to reelect our majority by 

24    strong numbers.  

25                 And part of the reason for that is 


                                                               908

 1    it has taken us quite some time to unravel the 

 2    tremendous damage that has been done to this 

 3    state under the leadership of the other side of 

 4    the aisle -- which, prior to the last seven 

 5    years, had the majority for almost a century, for 

 6    the most part.  Including, I know, the landmark 

 7    achievement that Senator Martins supported of 

 8    Tier 6, which we have been trying to peel apart 

 9    for the last several years.  And we have already 

10    taken steps to do that.

11                 So I don't need to be lectured by 

12    Senator Martins.  I served in the minority here 

13    for longer than I've served in the majority, so I 

14    know what it was like when he and his colleagues 

15    were governing.  And Lord knows I and the people 

16    of this state don't want to go back to that.  

17                 I want to thank Senator Ramos for 

18    this tremendous bill.  I'm so happy to support 

19    it.  And I'm glad that we have the overwhelming 

20    majority to pass it today.

21                 Thank you, Mr. President.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

23    Gianaris to be recorded in the affirmative.

24                 Announce the results.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 


                                                               909

 1    Calendar 441, those Senators voting in the 

 2    negative are Senators Borrello, Helming, Lanza, 

 3    Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Rolison, Stec, 

 4    Walczyk and Weik.

 5                 Ayes, 50.  Nays, 11.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 7    is passed.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    442, Senate Print 372, by Senator Gianaris, an 

10    act to amend the Labor Law.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

12    last section.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

14    act shall take effect immediately.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

19    the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

21    Calendar 442, those Senators voting in the 

22    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

23    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, 

24    Helming, Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Oberacker, 

25    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Stec, Tedisco, 


                                                               910

 1    Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 2                 Ayes, 41.  Nays, 20.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 4    is passed.

 5                 There is a substitution at the desk.  

 6                 The Secretary will read.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Comrie 

 8    moves to discharge, from the Committee on 

 9    Corporations, Authorities and Commissions, 

10    Assembly Bill Number 3224 and substitute it for 

11    the identical Senate Bill 1235A, Third Reading 

12    Calendar 443.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    substitution is so ordered.

15                 The Secretary will read.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

17    443, Assembly Bill 3224, by Assemblymember 

18    Braunstein, an act to amend the New York State 

19    Medical Care Facilities Finance Agency Act.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

21    last section.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

23    act shall take effect immediately.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

25    roll.


                                                               911

 1                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 3    the results.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    444, Senate Print 1514, by Senator Harckham, an 

 9    act to amend the Labor Law.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

13    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

14    shall have become a day.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

19    the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

22    is passed.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    445, Senate Print 2236, by Senator Gounardes, an 

25    act to amend the Labor Law.


                                                               912

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 2    last section.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 6.  This 

 4    act shall take effect immediately.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 6    roll.

 7                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 9    the results.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

12    is passed.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

14    446, Senate Print 4515, by Senator Ramos, an act 

15    to amend the Labor Law.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

17    last section.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

19    act shall take effect immediately.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

21    roll.

22                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

24    Ramos to explain her vote.

25                 SENATOR RAMOS:   Thank you, 


                                                               913

 1    Mr. President.

 2                 You know, Black History Month just 

 3    ended, and now we are in Women's History Month, 

 4    so it's only appropriate to celebrate a labor and 

 5    civil rights leader who inspired this bill.  

 6                 Dr. Martin Luther King had a 

 7    neighbor whose name was Dorothy Lee Bolden.  She 

 8    was a domestic worker in Atlanta, Georgia, and 

 9    had been a domestic worker since the age of 

10    9 years old.  

11                 With the encouragement of her 

12    neighbor, Dr. King, Dorothy began to organize 

13    nannies, housekeepers, and elder-care providers 

14    to make demands of their employers.  Domestic 

15    workers, like farmworkers, are some of the 

16    original excluded workers.  The sectors are 

17    explicitly carved out of the National Labor 

18    Relations Act and the Fair Labor Standards Act.  

19                 This workforce, made up 

20    predominantly of Black and immigrant women, make 

21    the rest of our economy possible by providing the 

22    care work needed to allow the rest of us to go to 

23    work.  

24                 In 1968, Mrs. Bolden founded the 

25    National Domestic Workers Union of America, which 


                                                               914

 1    eventually represented more than 30,000 domestic 

 2    workers in 10 cities and was the longest 

 3    surviving union of domestic workers throughout 

 4    the United States.

 5                 Organizing domestic workers is a 

 6    unique challenge.  Their employer's home is their 

 7    workplace, where a union organizer cannot reach 

 8    them and where they are isolated from the company 

 9    of coworkers that they may organize with.  

10    Dorothy Bolden solved this problem using tactics 

11    she learned in the Civil Rights Movement.  She 

12    used public transit.  

13                 The shared bus rides that domestic 

14    workers would take from their neighborhoods to 

15    their employers' neighborhoods became an 

16    organizing meeting.  Like any good union 

17    organizer, Dorothy knew you have to meet people 

18    where they are, sometimes quite literally.  

19                 She would ride the bus for hours, 

20    sitting next to domestic workers, striking up 

21    conversations and registering them to vote.  

22    Public transit became her union hall.  

23                 In 2010, New York became the first 

24    state to win a Domestic Workers' Bill of Rights, 

25    and today this body is passing my bill to grant 


                                                               915

 1    domestic workers across the state the security of 

 2    paid sick leave.  And I thank my colleagues who 

 3    are voting for this, because we are correcting a 

 4    deep injustice, a historical injustice, and one 

 5    of the last vestiges of Jim Crow in our state.

 6                 Thank you, Mr. President.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 8    Ramos to be recorded in the affirmative.

 9                 Announce the results.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

11    Calendar 446, those Senators voting in the 

12    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

13    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, 

14    Helming, Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Oberacker, 

15    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, 

16    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

17                 Ayes, 40.  Nays, 21.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 There is a substitution at the desk.  

21                 The Secretary will read.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger 

23    moves to discharge, from the Committee on Rules, 

24    Assembly Bill Number 5833 and substitute it for 

25    the identical Senate Bill 5442, Third Reading 


                                                               916

 1    Calendar 448.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    substitution is so ordered.

 4                 The Secretary will read.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6    448, Assembly Bill Number 5833, by 

 7    Assemblymember Pretlow, an act to amend the 

 8    State Finance Law.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

10    last section.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

12    act shall take effect immediately.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

14    roll.

15                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

17    the results.  

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

20    is passed.

21                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

22    reading of today's supplemental calendar.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there any 

24    further business at the desk?

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 


                                                               917

 1    no further business at the desk.

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I move to 

 3    adjourn until tomorrow, Wednesday, March 5th, at 

 4    12:00 noon.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   On 

 6    motion, the Senate stands adjourned until 

 7    tomorrow, Tuesday, March 5th, at 12:00 p.m.

 8                 And even though he's a Net and a 

 9    Yankee fan, Happy Birthday, Dad.  

10                 (Laughter.)

11                 (Whereupon, at 5:26 p.m., the Senate 

12    adjourned.)

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